RESUMO
We describe a local indigenous outbreak of measles in a susceptible Roma community, which occurred in Pulawy, a town of 50,000 citizens in the Lubelskie province (eastern Poland) during summer 2009. From 22 June to 30 August 2009, 32 measles cases were reported, and additionally nine possible cases were actively identified. A mass immunisation campaign was organised to stop measles transmission in the Roma community. Active surveillance of rash-febrile illnesses allowed documentation of the impact of mass immunisation in preventing further measles spread in the Roma community, and the surrounding population of Pulawy.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Surtos de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Sarampo/etnologia , Sarampo/prevenção & controle , Roma (Grupo Étnico)/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Incidência , Polônia/etnologia , Vigilância da População , Medição de Risco/métodos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to determine the perception of discomfort over time by a group of 70 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Patients who were selected for comprehensive orthodontic treatment completed questionnaires before insertion of separators and initial arch wires and after placement at 4 hours, 24 hours, and 7 days. The level of discomfort during these time periods was assessed by a visual analogue scale. The results showed a significant increase in the level of discomfort after insertion of either separators or arch wires at 4 hours and 24 hours, but not at 7 days. No significant difference was found in the level of discomfort of patients more than 16 years of age compared with those 16 years and under. No significant difference in discomfort was found between the sexes. These results are useful in relating expectations of discomfort to patients who undergo orthodontic treatment.
Assuntos
Dor Facial/etiologia , Aparelhos Ortodônticos/efeitos adversos , Medição da Dor , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Dor Facial/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Ortodontia Corretiva/efeitos adversos , Estudos Prospectivos , Limiar SensorialRESUMO
Discomfort may accompany orthodontic movement of teeth. The purpose of this study was to determine the time envelope of discomfort induced in young patients (10-16 years) following placement of orthodontic separators and arch wires. Secondly, psychosocial factors concerning feelings of "self" were investigated. Forty-five experimental and 14 control patients seeking orthodontic treatment were included. A data sheet consisting of several visual analogue scales measuring patient perceptions of dental discomfort and psychosocial factors was used. The results indicated that the experimental group experienced significant discomfort with both separators and arch wires at 4 and 24 hr compared to controls; however, the discomfort dissipated by 7 days. The appearance of the teeth and face were significant factors predicting the patient's perspective of "self." The results have significant clinical implications and these are discussed.