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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: When the body defense is compromised, wounds can act as a route for entrance and colonization of microorganisms in the body. Photodynamic therapy with methylene blue is known as a promising antimicrobial modality. PURPOSE: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of this procedure on wound healing processes. MATERIALS AND METHOD: In this experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats were recruited. Experimental wounds were surgically made on their buccal mucosa. Based on the treatment modality, they were divided into 3 groups (n=16) of control (CG), laser (LG), photosensitizer+ laser (PLG) by methylene blue (MB). The treatment procedure in the two latter groups was done in days 1-4 and 6-9. After sacrificing on 2, 4, 7 and 14-day follow-ups, the microscopic grade of healing of the wounds was assigned on each interval according to histological grading criteria. RESULTS: A qualitative result was obtained that showed a healing progression in PLG at day 2 of follow-up. At day 4 of follow-up, no difference was seen in healing stage among the groups. However on day 7 of follow-up, samples of the LG showed a lower degree of healing compared with the other two groups. Likewise, on day 14 of follow- up, both PLG and LG showed lower degree of healing than CG. CONCLUSION: This study qualitatively showed that MB- mediated photodynamic therapy would have an inhibitory effect on healing process after 14 days of the wound creation.
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BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) depends on both the photosensitizer (PS) and laser parameters. In the present study, antimicrobial effectiveness of PDT with different concentrations of two PSs was compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, we employed fifty-nine 6-week-old male Wistar rats. All except the negative and overall control groups were immunosuppressed and then orally inoculated with a suspension of Candida albicans (9 × 10(8) CFU/ml). At 4 days after oral inoculation, swabbing of tongue dorsum was performed to recover yeast from the tongue before treatment; on the next day, PDT was carried out on tongue dorsums by use of different concentrations of methylene blue (MB) or poly-L-lysine-chlorine (e6) conjugate (pL-ce6) as PS; followed by a 10 min diode laser illumination at 660 nm (n = 6 each). Then, sampling was again performed. The difference between yeast recovery before and after treatment was compared between the groups by one-way analysis of variance test (α = 0.05). After sacrificing the animals, their tongues were surgically removed and processed for histological evaluation of the presence of yeast and tissue reaction. RESULTS: PDT mediated by both PSs, regardless of the type and their concentration, resulted in a significant microbiological and histological reduction in C. albicans counts in comparison with positive control group (P < 0.001). There was no difference in epithelial lesions and inflammatory responses between groups. CONCLUSION: PDT mediated MB or pL-ce6 is a promising approach for treatment of oral candidiasis.
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BACKGROUND: Oral recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a chronic inflammatory disease affected oral mucosa which has afflicted about 20% of the society. Etiology of this disease is unknown. Three main factors influencing aphthous stomatitis are genetic, hematologic, and immunologic factors. Another proposed factor that may be considered in etiology of aphthous ulcer is oxidant, anti-oxidant imbalance in the body. The purpose of this study was the evaluation of lipid peroxide enzyme as an important oxidant agent and anti-oxidant vitamins in the saliva and serum of the patients suffering from RAS and compare it to healthy people. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional, descriptive - analytical study, 25 patients suffering from RAS were compared to 24 healthy individuals. Applying enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as Vitamins A, E, and C were measured in the saliva and serum of two groups. The results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version (11.5), t-test and χ(2). RESULTS: No significant difference was detected between salivary and serum levels of antioxidant vitamins (A, E, and C) and MDA in both experimental groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, RAS is not associated with oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in the body. However, it seems quite necessary to carry out more studies in this area.
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Introduction. As there is no definitive treatment for the recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), most of the available therapies aim at decreasing pain and discomfort. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the Iralvex gel on the RAS management. Material and Methods. In this double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial study, twenty patients were treated with the Iralvex gel and the other twenty patients were treated with placebo. In every participant complete healing of lesions, pain duration, and intensity were evaluated. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and analysis of variance. Results. Pain was relieved after 6.10 ± 0.29 days in the Iralvex group in comparison to 8.00 ± 0.33 days in the placebo group (P value ≤0.001). Complete remission in the Iralvex group was after 6.80 ± 0.27 days and 10.20 ± 0.42 days in the placebo group (P value ≤ 0.001). Furthermore, significant differences in the pain intensity between Iralvex and placebo group measured on days 1, 3, and 5 were obtained (P value ≤ 0.01). Conclusion. The results of this study show that Iralvex gel is effective and cheap remedy for treatment of RAS without side effects. This trial is registered with IRCT201207253251N3.
