RESUMO
The purpose of the research is to summarize the current information about post-mortem interval (PMI) estimating and the peculiarities of the forensic medical examination in postmortem glaciation of the corpse. On the territory of most regions of the Russian Federation, the autumn-winter period passes with a significant decrease in ambient temperature, which makes this topic relevant. The article describes in detail the mechanisms of freezing of human cells and tissues, methods for diagnosing PMI, the peculiarities of the examination in postmortem glaciation, and also put forward directions for further research.
Assuntos
Mudanças Depois da Morte , Autopsia/métodos , Cadáver , Patologia Legal/métodos , Humanos , Federação RussaRESUMO
The review objective is to summarize the current data on new methods development for detection and determination of the age of injuries (AI) and to analyze the prospects of their use in the practice of forensic medical experts. The injury healing processes in various human body tissues are described in detail, and data on biomarkers of healing and their role are provided. Three main diagnostic methods for AI were analyzed: immunohistochemical, molecular biological study, and biophysical objectivization. Their advantages and disadvantages, as well as ways of further improvement of these methods, are considered.
Assuntos
Medicina Legal , HumanosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Determination of the personality factors influence (gender, age, death category) on the numerical indicators of electrical characteristics during biophysical objectification of soft tissue injuries in a putrefactive corpse. The study was carried out based on Bureau of Forensic Medicine of the Bashkortostan Republic. The instrumental method examined 177 putrefactive corpses; 78 are female and 99 are male. Measurement of electrical characteristics (electrical capacity, electrical resistance) was carried out by an invasive method using a submersible sensor. It was established a significant effect of a person's age, gender and death category on the results of instrumental measurements. These individual characteristics can be recognized as factors that determine the electrical resistance and electrical capacity of biological tissues.
Assuntos
Mudanças Depois da Morte , Lesões dos Tecidos Moles , Cadáver , Feminino , Medicina Legal , Humanos , Masculino , PersonalidadeRESUMO
The review of the world literature on the most common causes, mechanism of development and diagnostic signs of sudden autopsy-negative cardiac death is presented. Two groups of reasons for the development of this pathology were identified - traumatic and non-traumatic. The traumatic group includes the cardio-inhibitory reflex and the trigemino-cardiac reflex. The non-traumatic group included prolonged Q-T interval syndrome, Brugada syndrome, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. The importance of postmortem molecular genetic research in cases of sudden cardiac death in order to prevent the deaths in the victim's relatives is noted. The criteria for the diagnosis of reflex cardiac arrest are indicated.