RESUMO
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is rapidly developing worldwide with a high mortality rate. In this meta-analysis study, the effect of influenza vaccination on the prevention of COVID-19 and its consequences in patients were investigated. The systematic search for this study was performed from November 2019 to 25 November 2020, in the databases of Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Ebsco, Cochrane and medRxiv. Search terms used included COVID-19, coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, covid, influenza, flu, grippe and vaccine. The present study examined the association between influenza vaccination and COVID-19 including COVID-19 infection, mortality, hospitalisation and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Finally, the pooled estimates for different outcomes were calculated by the software for statistics and data science (STATA) version 15 and I2 was used to determine the heterogeneity. By analysing the data of articles, the pooled estimates of these data indicated that influenza vaccination could lower probability of COVID-19 infection up to 24% (OR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.91), of death up to 32% (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.42, 1.11), of the hospitalisation up to 25% (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.46; 1.23) and of admission to ICU up to 29% (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.40, 1.27). Influenza vaccination can help decrease the COVID-19 infection and reduce hospitalisation and the need for ICU and mortality rates.
RESUMO
Preclinical Research The aim of this study was to elucidate the antioxidant effects of Caralluma tuberculata (C. tuberculata) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats with an intraperitoneal injection of STZ at dose of 60 mg/kg body weight. Three days after diabetes induction, powdered aerial part of plant at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight were gavaged orally for a period of 45 days. The diabetes significantly decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and level of total thiol in liver, kidney, and heart of animals (P < 0.05). In contrast, a significant increase in the levels of protein carbonyl was observed in diabetic rats compared with control animals (P < 0.05). Oral treatment of diabetic rats with C. tuberculata showed ameliorative effects on blood glucose and markers of oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Altered levels of all oxidative stress parameters in tissues of diabetic rats reverted back to those normal animals after the treatment with dose of 200 mg/kg /day of plant materials. It seems that the appropriate dose of C. tuberculata has both antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Therefore, it can have preventive properties on oxidative stress-induced diabetic complications. Drug Dev Res 76 : 40-47, 2015.
RESUMO
To determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency and a Mediterranean mutation among males in southeastern Iran, we studied 1,097 Sistani and Balouch schoolboys. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and a history of malaria infection; blood samples were evaluated for G6PD deficiency and the G6PD Mediterranean mutation. Of the 1,097 boys screened, 175 were G6PD deficient (5.8 % of the Sistani boys and 19.3 % of the Balouch boys). The malaria survey indicated that among Balouch subjects, malaria infection was about 14 times that of Sistani subjects. Molecular characterization of G6PD-deficient samples revealed a general frequency of 85.1 % for the Mediterranean variant among all subjects (75 % among Sistani and 86.2 % among Balouch cases). The high prevalence of G6PD deficiency among Balouch populations confirms the hypothesis that the distribution of G6PD deficiency is concordant with the geographic distribution of malaria.
