Evaluating CD4 and Foxp3 mRNA Expression in Tissue Specimens of Celiac Disease and Colorectal Cancer Patients.

OBJECTIVE: Celiac disease (CD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are distinct gastrointestinal conditions with a debated association. This study aimed to evaluate the mRNA expression of CD4 and Foxp3 in tissue specimens of CD and CRC patients. The findings can provide valuable insights into the complex connection between these different gastrointestinal conditions. METHODS: Tissue samples from 100 CRC patients, 50 CD patients, and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were collected. RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and quantitative real-time PCR were performed. Statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA and Pearson's correlation test. RESULT: CD4 mRNA expression was significantly higher in CRC patients compared to CD patients and HCs (P<0.0001 for both). Foxp3 mRNA expression was significantly higher in CD patients compared to CRC patients and HCs (P<0.0001 for both). Clinicopathological characteristics did not correlate significantly with gene expression levels. CONCLUSION: This study reveals differential expression patterns of CD4 and Foxp3 mRNA in CRC and CD patients. Upregulated CD4 mRNA suggests its potential role in promoting tumor growth, while increased Foxp3 mRNA expression may reflect an immunosuppressive mechanism in CD pathogenesis. These findings provide insights into the molecular and immunological aspects of CRC and CD, warranting further studies for potential therapeutic strategies.

Low-Level Laser Therapy: Potential and Complications.

Introduction: Laser therapy has attracted experts' attention in medical sciences. Many benefits of laser therapy are presented besides some complications. In the present study, it is tried to present a new perspective of laser therapy in the various fields of medicine. Methods: Laser therapy-related articles which are combined with regenerative medicine, cosmetic, dentistry, neurodegenerative diseases, kidney, bone fracture, and vaginal function in the English language were searched through the google scholar search engine in the range of 2000-2021. After title screening, the abstracts were evaluated to access the full texts. Results: Basic concepts and various kinds of lasers which are applied in medicine were explained. Applications of laser therapy in various fields of medicine such as pain reduction, wound healing, regenerative medicine, dentistry, and several other body organs were highlighted and some complications were pointed. Conclusion: High potential of laser therapy for application in medicine implies a reconsideration of the laser properties and also styles of laser applications to improve the treatment and prevention of its side effects.

C-reactive protein as a possible marker for severity and mortality of COVID-19 infection.

AIM: The present study aimed to introduce a possible biomarker to differentiate between severe and fatal conditions of COVID-19. BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic, appearing as a complicated health problem, has changed the lifestyle of people in recent years. Clinical findings indicate mild, severe, and fatal conditions of this disease. Prediction of disease severity is a significant point in managing COVID-19 infection. METHODS: In this study, 195 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that discriminate between fatal and severe conditions in patients were extracted from the literature and screened to determine the significant ones. The significant DEGs plus the 90 first neighbors added from the STRING database were included in the interactome using Cytoscape software v 3.7.2. The central nodes of the analyzed network were identified and assessed. RESULTS: Ten significant DEGs were candidates for assessment, of which 9 were recognized by the STRING database. IL6, ALB, TNF, CRP, INS, MPO, C3, CXCL8, TTR, and TLR4 were determined as central nodes; IL6, CRP, and TTR were highlighted as the critical genes related to the severity of COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSION: CRP was identified as the best possible biomarker with levels related to the severity and fatality of COVID-19 infection.