The State and Prospects of Russia's Agri-Food Export to the Countries of the Eurasian Economic Union.

The paper examines the features and main areas of the development of Russian exports of agri-food products to the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. The complementarity of the agri-food trade of Russia with its partners in the EAEU is assessed. Products with comparative advantages are identified. Potential export values are indicated, and the prospects for Russian export supplies to the common agri-food market of the EAEU are analyzed.

[Fleas of small mammals from the northeastern Russian Far East].

Results of the study of fleas (Siphonaptera) collected from small mammals (insectivores and rodents) in the Russian Far East (Magadan Province, and Khabarovsk and Kamchatka Territories) are represented. Fourteen flea species were revealed in 17 species of small mammals.

[Some physiological and biochemical indicators of underyearling Laxman's shrews (Sorex cecutiens Laxmann) and even-toothed shrews (Sorex isodon Turov) under conditions of different population densities].

Based on the results of a study conducted in 2006-2010 in the Buyunda River basin (a feeder of the Kolyma River), the influence of the population density of common shrews (Sorex) on some of the physiological and biochemical parameters (glycogen and lipids in the liver, the relative weight of the spleen, the white and brown adipose tissue cellularity of bone and brain tissue) was investigated. The content of energy reserve substances was correlated with the number of animals (fat deposits had a negative correlation; the glycogen content in the liver had a direct correlation). For the rest of the physiological-biochemical parameters, no significant correlation with the population density was detected, although for the content of brown fat and cellularity of bone marrow tissue in Sorex isodon, as well as the relative weight of the spleen in both species of shrews, a trend was observed. We suggest that the identified physiological changes indicate irregular feeding of animals in years with higher population densities.

Effect of lupus anticoagulant on the interaction of prothrombin with platelets.

We studied binding of (125)I-labeled prothrombin to platelets in the presence of circulating endogenous lupus anticoagulant. Lupus anticoagulant modulated the interaction and increased affinity of prothrombin for calcium-independent binding sites on platelets. The number of these sites decreased, while the total number of calcium-dependent binding sites increased. Our results indicate that lupus anticoagulant plays a role in the binding of prothrombin to nonactivated platelets.

[Soybean isoflavones and prospects of their therapeutic application]. / Izoflavony soi i perspektivy ikh terapevticheskogo primeneniia.

Isoflavones are the biologically active compounds of soybeans which belong to the group of flavonoids. Having estrogen and antioxidant activities isoflavones are usable in prevention and treatment such common diseases as atherosclerosis, cancer, osteoporosis and others. The questions of isoflavone assay methods and the stability on different stages of soyfoods processing as biological activity of isoflavones and prospects of their therapeutical use are discussed in the review.

[Interaction of human factor X with thromboplastin]. / Vzaimodeistvie faktora X cheloveka s troboplastinom.

The binding of 125I-labeled human factor X to native and papaine-treated tissue tromboplastin in the presence of CaCl2 or EDTA was studied. The Scatchard analysis suggests the existence of high (Kd=l,8 x10(-9) M) and low affinity binding sites on the thromboplastin surface. The removal of Ca2+ reduced affinity of factor X to the high affinity sites. This was accompanied by some increase of their number. Proteolysis by papaine decreased affinity of high affinity sites and caused the increase of their number in the presence of Ca2+. In the absence of Ca2+ the affinity remained unchanged, but the number of sites decreased. At low concentrations of factor X positive cooperativity for high affinity binding sites was observed. It did not depend on the presence of Ca2+. The results indirectly confirm the role of hydrophobic interactons in Ca2+ dependent binding of factor X to thromboplastin and the fact that heterogeneity of this binding is determined by mesophase structure of the thromboplastin phospholipids.

Effect of radiation on prothrombin interactions with cell membrane fragments.

Binding of (125)I-labeled prothrombin to normal and radiation-damaged (1 and 3.5 Gy) fragments of cell membranes was studied. Irradiation significantly increased adsorption capacity of cell membranes for (125)I-prothrombin. It was concluded that phase rearrangement of phospholipids serves as the molecular basis for increased thrombogenicity of cell membranes.

[Prognostication of the outcome of heart valve prosthesis implantation by the method of nonlinear chaos dynamics of the heart rate]. / Prognozirovanie iskhodov protezirovanii klapanov serdtsa s pomoshch'iu metoda nelineinoi khaoticheskoi dinamiki kardioritma.

An examination of 39 patients with heart diseases was performed before and after operations by the method of geometrical analysis of the nonlinear chaos (fractal) variability of the cardiac rhythm on the basis of the apparatus-programmed complex "Poly-spectrum". Five-minute-long registrations of ECG were carried on. On the basis of the data of examination of 195 healthy volunteers the reference norm of this method parameters was determined. Reliably lower parameters were found in patients with the acquired valvular disease. A dynamic investigation of the geometrical nonlinear structure of the cardiac rhythm has shown the possibility to make a prognosis of early complications after prosthetics of the heart valves.

[Effect of Glycine max lectin on the interaction of prothrombin and erythrocytes]. / Vliianie lektina Clycine max na vzaimodeistvie protrombina s éritrotsitami.

Native porcine erythrocytes do not initiate blood coagulation, though even the weak association (Kd = 4,25 +/- 9,35 microM) of prothrombin with their surface which is limited to the projection of two phospholipid polar head groups onto the external cell membrane, exerts a slight but authentic influence on the acceleration of blood clotting. There are 11.9 x 10(7) sites for 125I-prothrombin on one erythrocytes. At physiological concentration of prothrombin the surface of erythrocytes is far from saturation. The binding of 125I-labelled prothrombin to erythrocytes after their surface was covered by lectin Glycine max by means of the accessible residues of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and D-galactose, glycoproteins and dlycolipids can never become saturated with any used concentration of the ligand. In the presence of the suspension of erythrocytes treated lectin platelet free plasma coagulates at the same speed as the control plasma.

[Interaction of prothrombin with erythrocytes and alveolar macrophages]. / Vzaimodeistvie protrombina s éritrotsitami i al'veoliarnymi makrofagami.

A study was made of porcine 125I-prothrombin interaction with red cells and alveolar macrophages in the presence of CaCl2 or EDTA. Prothrombin binding with red cells was similar to that to alveolar macrophages (Kd = 3.7 x 10(-6) M and 1.9 x 10(-6) M, respectively). These parameters did not depend on the presence of Ca2+ ions in the medium. Red cell hemolysis led to diminished affinity of prothrombin to blood ghost surfaces.

[Interaction of human thrombin I fragment, prethrombin I, and alpha-thrombin with tissue thromboplastin]. / Vzaimodeistvie fragmenta I protrombina, pretrombina I, and alpha- trombina cheloveka s tkanevym tromboplastinom.

The binding of 125I-labeled prothrombin fragment I. prethrombin I and alpha-thrombin to native and papain-treated tissue thromboplastin in the presence of CaCl2 of EDTA was studied. The experimental curves plotted in the Scatchard coordinates testify to the presence in thromboplastin of two types of fragment I binding sites: those with a high (Kd = 7.6 x 10(-6) M) and moderate (Kd = 1.3 x 10(-8) M) binding affinity. The parameters of fragment I binding and their changes reproduced, for the most part, the mode of prothrombin binding observed in previous studies. The experimental results provide indirect evidence in favour of a hydrophobic role of Ca(2+)-dependent binding of prothrombin fragment I to thromboplastin. The binding of prethrombin I was nonspecific and Ca(2+)-independent, whereas alpha-thrombin showed a relatively high level of nonspecific electrostatic binding which was competitively inhibited by Ca2+. Thromboplastin proteins interacted (both directly and in a Ca(2+)-independent fashion) with all the prothrombin derivatives under study.

Species-nonspecific action of soluble immunosuppressive factor produced by murine immature erythroid cells.

Immature murine erythroid cells have natural suppressor cell activity suppressing in vitro mouse plaque-forming cell response and LPS-stimulated proliferative response of mouse spleen cells. A cell population enriched by erythroid precursors can produce a soluble activity with similar suppressive abilities. This erythroid suppressor activity (ErSF) has a low Mr (1 to 10 kDa). It can suppress both IgM and IgG secretion of PWM-stimulated human B cells and inhibit the proliferative response of PWM-stimulated human B lymphocytes, thereby indicating a species-nonspecific type of action. Antigen-induced mouse PFC response and mitogen-stimulated mouse and human B cell proliferation were inhibited dose dependently by the addition of ErSF, which did not significantly reduce cell viability, however. Kinetic studies showed that ErSF suppressed Ig secretion and proliferation of mitogen-stimulated B lymphocytes in all culture periods. The suppressive effect of ErSF on B cell proliferation was indirect, requiring the presence of IL-2 (but not of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, or BCGF). In the presence of IL-2, the proliferative response of SAC-stimulated B cells was suppressed by ErSF when added at all time intervals studied but was maximal when ErSF was added on the third day of culture. The role of suppressor factor produced by immature murine erythroid cells in the phenomenon of "natural suppression" has been discussed.

[Interaction of human prothrombin with tissue thromboplastin]. / Vzaimodeistvie protrombina cheloveka s tkanevym tromboplastinom.

The binding of 125I-labeled human prothrombin to native and papain-treated tissue thromboplastin in the presence of CaCl2 or EDTA was studied. The Scatchard plots for the protein binding suggest the presence at thromboplastin surface of two types of binding sites, high affinity [Kd(app) = 7.4.10(-8) M] and moderate affinity [Kd(app) = 7.9.10(-5) M]. The removal of Ca2+ did not influence the Kd (values for these) sites but markedly reduced their number. Proteolysis by papain caused a decrease in the affinity of high affinity sites without affecting the Kd values of the moderate affinity sites yet caused a proportional increase in the number of both high and moderate affinity sites in the presence of Ca2+. At low prothrombin concentrations a positive cooperativity of protein binding at high affinity sites in the presence of Ca2+ was observed.

[A system of assessing interleukin-2-dependent activation of B-lymphocytes]. / Sistema otsenki interleikin-2-zavisimoi aktivatsii B-limfotsitov.

The peripheral blood B-lymphocyte responsiveness to interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been studied in healthy donors. Unstimulated B-cells proliferated moderately in response to IL-2, this being not associated with an increase of TAC-positive cells. Phytolacca mitogen did not stimulate purified B-cells to proliferation and did not influence TAC expression and responsiveness to IL-2. S. aureus mitogen (SAC) provided a maximum proliferation in response to IL-2 with a dramatic increase of TAC expression. Simultaneous estimation of unstimulated and SAC-preactivated B-lymphocyte responses to IL-2, together with scintillation of TAC-positive cells, helps determine the degree of a possible injury to IL-2 receptor.