Assuntos
Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Dieta Redutora , Sobrepeso/dietoterapia , Redução de Peso , Adulto , Idoso , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Análise de Variância , Serviços de Dietética , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/dietoterapia , Obesidade/prevenção & controle , Sobrepeso/prevenção & controleRESUMO
The most-used safety recommendation for protective vests is that the impact should not cause more than a 44-mm impression in plasticine. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this criterion was sufficient if the vest was exposed to a high-velocity projectile. We tested the hypothesis with pigs divided into a 40-mm group (n = 10) and a 34-mm group (n = 8) protected by a vest allowing a 40-mm or 34-mm impression in plasticine, respectively. Five (50%) of 10 animals in the 40-mm group and 2 (25%) of 8 in the 34-mm group died due to the trauma. We observed severe lung hematoma, impaired circulation, desaturation, and electroencephalogram changes. These effects were more aggravated in the 40-mm group compared to the 34-mm group. Based on our results, the overall judgment is that the safety criterion of 44-mm impression is insufficient when a vest is exposed to a high-velocity projectile.
Assuntos
Contusões/etiologia , Pneumopatias/etiologia , Roupa de Proteção , Ferimentos não Penetrantes/complicações , Animais , Contusões/mortalidade , Eletroencefalografia , Feminino , Pneumopatias/mortalidade , Masculino , Potássio/sangue , Suínos , Ferimentos não Penetrantes/mortalidadeAssuntos
Erros de Diagnóstico , Medicina Interna , Imperícia , Erros Médicos , Erros de Medicação , Erros de Diagnóstico/legislação & jurisprudência , Erros de Diagnóstico/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Medicina Interna/normas , Imperícia/legislação & jurisprudência , Erros Médicos/legislação & jurisprudência , Erros Médicos/prevenção & controle , Erros de Medicação/legislação & jurisprudência , Erros de Medicação/prevenção & controle , Relações Médico-Paciente , Padrões de Prática Médica , SuéciaRESUMO
A total of 385 drug-therapy naïve patients, with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes, were randomised into a multinational, parallel-group study to compare two strategies for dose titration of the oral hypoglycaemic agent repaglinide. Patients were allocated to either a fasting blood glucose (FBG) monitoring group with titration target 4.4-6.1 mmol/l or to a post-prandial blood glucose (PPBG) monitoring group with titration target 4.4-8.0 mmol/l. An initial titration period of up to 8 weeks was followed by a 12-week treatment period. Glycaemic control and hypoglycaemic outcomes were compared for the respective groups. HbA(1c) decreased significantly more in the FBG monitoring group by a mean of 1.38% compared to the PPBG group by a mean of 1.22% (P=0.03). The glycaemic control targets were met by fewer patients in the FBG group than in the PPBG group (57% versus 86% (P<0.001)) despite a higher mean dose of repaglinide in the FBG group. The within-patient blood glucose variability was significantly lower in the FBG group than in the PPBG group (P<0.001). In conclusion, repaglinide lowered the HbA(1c) effectively and safely in both groups and self-monitored FBG is a suitable parameter for titration of repaglinide. Whether a lower PPBG target might be as good a guide as FBG for titration of repaglinide should be addressed in a future study.
Assuntos
Carbamatos/administração & dosagem , Carbamatos/uso terapêutico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Piperidinas/administração & dosagem , Piperidinas/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Glicemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Glicemia/metabolismo , Carbamatos/efeitos adversos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Jejum , Feminino , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/análise , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/administração & dosagem , Hipoglicemiantes/efeitos adversos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Piperidinas/efeitos adversos , Período Pós-Prandial , SegurançaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Guidelines for the prevention of coronary heart disease call for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction as the primary target of treatment and reduction of triglycerides (TG) as an additional target. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of atorvastatin and simvastatin to reduce LDL-C and TG concentrations and to meet 3 target lipid levels: LDL-C Assuntos
Anticolesterolemiantes/uso terapêutico
, Ácidos Heptanoicos/uso terapêutico
, Pirróis/uso terapêutico
, Sinvastatina/uso terapêutico
, Adulto
, Idoso
, Anticolesterolemiantes/efeitos adversos
, Atorvastatina
, LDL-Colesterol/sangue
, Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga
, Método Duplo-Cego
, Feminino
, Ácidos Heptanoicos/efeitos adversos
, Humanos
, Hipercolesterolemia/tratamento farmacológico
, Masculino
, Pessoa de Meia-Idade
, Pirróis/efeitos adversos
, Sinvastatina/efeitos adversos
, Resultado do Tratamento
, Triglicerídeos/sangue