[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of cystic pulmonary hypoplasia with aortic blood supply].

Cystic pulmonary hypoplasia with aortic blood supply--it is a rare inborn failure, in which the part of pulmonary tissue is developing separately from tracheo-bronchial tree and takes blood supply from systemic blood circulation. Diagnosis of the disease is a complicated, and it is necessary to apply modern radiological methods of visualization. The results of treatment of 27 patients, suffering cystic pulmonary hypoplasia with aortic blood supply, in the clinic through 50 yrs, were analyzed. All the patients were operated on.In 17 (63%) patients lobectomy was performed, in 4 (14.8%)--the left-sided lower lobe pyramid was excised, in 1 (3.7%)--the left-sided wedge resection of C(X), in 1 (3.7%)--the left-sided pulmonectomy, in 1 (3.7%)--left-sided resection of C(VIII) - C(IX). The rate of intraoperative complications--14.8%, and postoperative--7.4%. Efficacy of surgical treatment for this period constitutes 100%.

[Video-assisted thoracic lung resection in tuberculous patients].

The article showed the clinical experience using video-assisted pulmonary resection in tuberculous patients (47 operations). Upper lobectomy on the right was carried out in 10 (21.3%) cases. Upper lobectomy on the left was performed in 6 (12.8%) cases. This fact could be explained by the frequency of affection of mentioned lung sites in tubercular process. A level of intraoperative complications consisted of 8.5% in video-assisted lung resections. The rate of postoperative complications was 10.6%. General efficacy of the application of video-assisted lung resections estimated 97.9%.

[Application of naropin (ropivacaine) for intra- and postoperative analgesia in phthysiosurgical patients].

The results of the analgesia method choice, as well as their combination, using a local anesthetic naropin (ropivacaine) for intra- and postoperative analgesia in phthysiosurgical patients, were analyzed. Application of the preparation have permitted to reduce the opioid analgetics dose by 50%, to realize the early mobilization in 50 - 70% patients, to reduce a postoperative morbidity rate, connected with the respiratory and digestive systems affection.

[Significance of different kinds of correction of the hemothorax volume in surgical treatment of patients with lung and pleura tuberculosis].

In the article, with 72 patients, taken as an example, with tuberculosis of respiratory organs the authors present their clinical experience with using various methods of surgical correction of the hemithorax volume (by means of extrapleural, intrapleural extra-intrapleural correcting thoracoplasties and diaphragm plasty) during performing resections on the lungs and/or pleura. Substantiation is given to the necessity of correcting hemithorax volume in patients with tuberculosis of respiratory organs in performing resections of great volume.

[Modern tendencies of malignant pleural effusions epidemiology]. / Sovremennye tendentsii épidemiologii opukholevogo plevrita.

The during 7 years 258 patients with malignant effusion (ME) of different ethiology were treated in clinic, that composed 13.8% among all patients with pleural effusion. It was discovered the increase of this complication frequence in 1.6 time. The main reasons of ME were lung cancer--in 42.6% of observations, pleural mezothelioma--in 19.3%, mammary glands cancer--in 6.9%, real reason of ME was not found in 13.9%. Aged patients (oldest 60 years) are risk group for discovering of ME, for pleural mezothelioma the next ages are risk 30-40 and oldest 60 years.

[Differential cytological diagnosis of pleural exudate]. / Differentsial'naia tsytologicheskaia diagnostika plevral'nogo vypota.

Results of cytological investigation of pleural exudates were analyzed in 644 patients for the 2000-2000 yrs period. Meticulous description of principal kinds of pleural exudates is presented, differential signs of cytologic composition in patients with nonspecific, tuberculous, stagnant and oncologic pleuritis were delineated. The changes in cytological composition of exudates in lingering of the disease course are depicted. High diagnostic value of cytological investigation of pleural fluid, especially in presence of contraindications, was established.

[Morphofunctional state of neutrophil granulocytes in Chernobyl nuclear plant accident clean-up workers with persistent leukopenia]. / Morfofunktsional'noe sostoianie neitrofil'nykh granulotsitov u uchastnikov likvidatsii posledstvii avarii na ChAES so stoikoi leikopeniei.

The obtained results of the analysis of the peripherical blood granulocytes morphofunctional condition in those persons who took part in the elimination of aftermaths of the Chernobyl accident, presenting with persistent leucopenia, suggest to us the presence of significant changes in morphological, cytochemical, and functional indices in the remote period.

[The characteristics of the pre- and leukemic stages of chronic myeloproliferative diseases in persons suffering as a result of the Chernobyl catastrophe]. / Kharakteristika pre- i leikemicheskoi stadii khronicheskikh mieloproliferativnykh zabolevanii u lits, postradavshikh vsledstvie chernobyl'skoi katastrofy.

Clinical, morphological and cytogenetic investigations were done in those patients with leukocytosis having become victims of the Chernobyl catastrophe. Of these (n = 10), six patients demonstrated chromosomal abnormalities. In the study made at a later date in six patients with cytogenetic abnormalities, five patients were found to have chronic myeloproliferative disorders, with four cases presenting with chronic myeloid leukemia and one patient having osteomyelofibrosis.

[The indices of the peripheral blood leukocytes in subjects working within a 30-kilometer area of the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station and in the workers of a chemical plant]. / Pokazateli leikotsitov perifericheskoi krovi u lits, rabotaiushchikh v 30-kilometrovoi zone ChAES, i rabotnikov khimicheskogo predpriiatiia.

Changes in leukocytes are analyzed together with the pattern of leukogrammes, morphological and cytochemical parameters characterizing leukocytes of the peripheral blood in those persons working within the zone of radiation control and in workers of chemical plants. Criteria of high informative value have been established for identification of those groups of individuals running a risk for development of hematological pathology.

[The characteristics of the bone marrow stromal elements in the participants in the cleanup of the aftermath of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station in the long term]. / Kharakteristika nekotorykh élementov stromy kostnogo mozga u uchastnikov likvidatsii posledstvii avarii na ChAES v otdalennyi period.

Histologic features were studied of bone marrow biopsies in 25 individuals who took part in the elimination of the aftermath of the Chernobyl accident and who had received a radiation dose of at least 1 Gy. Particular features of the studied trepanobiopsies included dysplasia of granulocytes, hypocellular bone marrow, circulatory disorders and sinusoidal distortion, edematization of stromal elements, substitution of fibroreticular tissue for hemopoietic one. No relationship was established between the changes revealed and radiation dose.

[Current treatment methods in myelodysplastic syndromes]. / Sovremennye metody lecheniia mielodisplaticheskikh sindromov.

Modern literary data about the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes are reviewed. There have been analysed traditional methods and recent scientific achievements, such as using of the colony-stimulating growth factors and bone marrow transplantation.

[The blood kinin system of persons with a history of 1st-degree acute radiation sickness]. / Kininovaia sistema krovi u lits, perenesshikh ostruiu luchevuiu bolezn' I stepeni.

There tends to be an activation of blood kinin system in individuals with a prior acute grade I radiation sickness in the period of remote sequelae (six yr after irradiation). It is suggested that changes in the proteolytic processes may play a role in the natural course of the diseases in the individuals with a history of acute radiation sickness (pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, vegetovascular dystonia etc.). The disturbances revealed are of pathological nature and require therapeutic measures to be taken aimed at clearing them up.

[The blood kinin system in persons exposed to ionizing radiation as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station]. / Kininovaia sistema krovi u lits, podvergshikhsia vozdeistviiu ioniziruiushchego izlucheniia v rezul'tate avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES.

Condition of blood kinin system was studied in persons engaged on liquidation of Chernobyl accident sequels in 1986 and subjected to levels of ionizing radiation ranging up to 1 Gy. Activation of kininogenesis in such persons manifested in rise of the initial protaminolytic blood activity, partial decrease of prekallikrein level and imbalance on the part of the blood inhibitory potential in the form of alpha-2-macroglobulin level fall and increase of general blood antiproteolytic activity.

[The morphofunctional indices of the erythrocytic link in hemopoiesis in persons constantly working in an area of intensified radioecological control]. / Morfofunktsional'nye pokazateli éritrotsitarnogo zvena gemopoéza u lits, postoianno rabotaiushchikh v zone usilennogo radioékologicheskogo kontrolia.

A study of the peripheral blood indicates that persons constantly working in the zone of rigid radiation control showed a statistically valid reduction of the hemoglobin concentration, appearance of spinous and spheric erythrocyte forms, reduction of the mechanical resistance. Simultaneously 18% of males and 26% of females revealed moderate hypochromic anemia with a normal level of serum iron. The intensity of Fe-transferrin electron paramagnetic resonance was statistically reduced, that may be related to reduction of trivalent iron to bivalent and formation of a pool of free bivalent iron--a potent inductor of lipid peroxidation. Activation of oxidative processes in blood is confirmed by significant fluctuations of the blood ceruloplasmin level.