[A device for sample pretreatment during flow cytometry]. / Ustroistvo dlia predobrabotki obraztsa pri analize metodom tsitometrii v potoke.

A device for the preliminary treatment of samples immediately prior to flow cytofluorimetric analysis is described. The device is intended for several procedures: (a) mixing of batched sample volumes with the reagent and efficient stirring of the mixture; (b) disintegration of cell aggregates; and (c) disruption of cell membranes to release the cell contents (chromosomes, micronuclei, nuclei etc.). The pretreatment is useful for studying the kinetic parameters of fast cellular processes in the flow, a more correct analysis of the cell cycle and the study of karyotypes of single mitotic cells. The device was called a magnetic microstirrer.

[Laser correlation spectroscopy of blood plasma for diagnosis of postradiation sequels]. / Lazernaia korreliatsionnaia spektroskopiia plazmy krovi dlia diagnostiki postradiatsionnykh posledstvii.

The method of laser correlation spectroscopy (LCS) of biological fluids, permit to detect fractional composition of biological fluids (in this case--blood plasma). This method have been used to study the late effects of radiation in experimental investigations on animals (irradiation in doses that induce the high frequency of malignant tumors) and on the people living in the zone of Ural Radiation Trace. LCS spectra analysis show the proportion of separate ingredients in the blood plasma in the very bright range of molecular dimensions (d = 1-10000 nm) and for this analysis the special way of classification (semiotic classification) have been proposed. Multicomponent spectra, represented as a histogram (the abscess--diameters of light-scattering particles, ordinate--their per cent in the light-scattering of the whole sample) divide on the separate a priori marked zones with the appropriate means of diameters light-scattering subcomponent. In dependence on the increasing, or decreasing of enclosing in the light-scattering separated subcomponent the program of classification refer this histogram to separate cluster. Each cluster on the basis of preliminary investigations of different pathologic states related to the definite sign reflecting the type of homeostatic alterations (intoxication, allergic, dystrophic, catabolic and their combinations). The detection of the direction of homeostatic alteration and its degree is the main purpose of the semiotic classification of LC-spectra. In this paper it was shown that this way of diagnostic of the nature of homeostatic alterations in the blood plasma is more informative in the evaluation of the weightiness of pathologic state of organism in the comparison with the complexes of laboratory methods, usually used. The method can register immunoglobulin relations, changes in concentrations of lipoproteids and cholesterol and fractional composition of immunocompetent blood cells. The model experiments on animals irradiated in the doses that induce the high frequency of malignant tumors in 12 months thereafter (50 per cent of irradiated rats) have been conducted. With the help of LCS blood plasma it is possible to show the differences in direction of homeostatic changes in animals with and without oncological disease in a long period of time before pathomorphological registration of tumors. At last when 764 individuals living in the Zone of Ural radiation trace have been inspected by the LCS blood plasma it was shown: a. individuals without pathological diagnosis (in the range of 100-150 cz cumulating doses) the radiation action doesn't modify the homeostasis system in practice; b. in individuals with preoncological, oncological, autoimmune and metabolical diseases the modification of homeostasis system in these doses range is noticed. The direction of this modification depend on the nature of pathological process. The methodical simplicity of LCS investigations, rapidity and automatism of analysis together with informative sensitivity of this method testify to perspectives use of LCS blood plasma for the decision of the problem of biodosimetry of irradiation of experimental animals and for monitoring of late effects after low dose irradiation.

[Process of active dissociation of vital stain Hoechst 33342 from DNa in cells of cultured rodent cell lines]. / Protsess aktivnoi dissotsiatsii prizhiznennogo krasitelia Khëkhsta 33342 iz DNK kletok perevivaemykh kletochnykh linii gryzunov.

The process of active dissociation or "DNA clearing" of not covalently binding agents from DNA in living HeLa cells was shown by the flow cytometry technique. The vital fluorescent bisbenzimidazole dye Hoechst 33342, which binds tightly but not covalently to DNA in a minor groove, was used as a basic model to study the interaction of not covalently binding agents with DNA. In this paper, we continue to analyse the "DNA clearing" process in the living fibroblasts of different rodent species (mouse, rat, Chinese hamster). The obtained data suggest that the processes of active dissociation or "DNA clearing" of Hoechst 33342 have some common features in all investigated mammalian cells. Nevertheless, some differences in the process were found in these lines. The role of nucleotide excision repair genes in the process of DNA clearing was not established.

[Classification of results of studying blood plasma with laser correlation spectroscopy based on semiotics of preclinical and clinical states]. / Klassifikatsiia rezul'tatov issledovaniia plazmy krovi s pomoshch'iu lazernoi korreliatsionnoi spektroskopii na osnove semiotiki predklinicheskikh i klinicheskikh sostoianii.

The usage of laser correlation spectroscopy for verification of preclinical and clinical states is substantiated. Developed "semiotic" classifier for solving the problems of preclinical and clinical states is presented. The substantiation of biological algorithms as well as the mathematical support and software for the proposed classifier for the data of laser correlation spectroscopy of blood plasma are presented.

[Comparative analysis of semiotic shifts, established by LCS of blood plasma from random samples of studied subjects from the zone of the Chernobyl accident, "Ural Radiation Trace", and collaborators from St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz semioticheskikh sdvigov, ustanovlennykh metodom LKS plazmy krovi sluchainykh vyborok obsledovannykh iz zon Chernobyl'skoi avarii, "Ural'skogo Radiatsionnogo Sleda" i sotrudnikovS.-Peterburgskogo Instituta Iadernoi Fiziki RAN.

Using the developed "semiotic" classifier of laser correlation spectra of blood plasma the authors have carried out the verification of organism states of patients from the zone of Chernobyl accident, "Ural radiation trace" and collaborators from Sanct-Petersbourg Institute of Nuclear Physics. An analysis of results obtained using accidental selections which differed as to the character of radiation injury evidences for high informativeness of "semiotic" classifier of laser correlation spectra of blood plasma.

[The differential possibilities of the laser correlational spectroscopic method in the diagnosis of different pathological processes encountered among the population of the Urals radiation trace]. / Differentsiatsial'nye vozmozhnosti metoda LKS pri diagnostike ralichnykh patologicheskikh protsessov, vstrechaemykh sredi naseleniia Ural'skogo radiatsionnogo sleda.

The satisfied differential distinctions between diseases (7 nosological groups) observed in population of so-called Ural radiation trace are established using laser correlation spectroscopy (LCS). Unsatisfied differentiation (less then 65%) was observed between cancer and pre-cancer diseases relative to gastric, bronchial and exchange pathologies. The most significant distinctions are established for autoimmune pathologies and osteochondroses and for cancer and pre-cancer differentiation. Marked differentiation degree is less than that earlier registered between the same pathologies in regions, where radiation level was normal. On the base of the measurements is planned to study the dose effect of pathology radiomodification.

[Laser correlation spectroscopy of the blood serum--a new approach to the identification of groups at risk for specific diseases and poisonings in areas of ecological anomalies]. / Lazernaia korreliatsionnaia spektroskopiia syvorotki krovi--novyi podkhod k identifikatsii grupp riska po otdel'nym zabolevaniiam i intoksikatsiiam v zonakh ékologicheskikh anomalii.

The technique methodology of nuclear correction spectroscopy are proposed to solve the tasks of mass medico-biological examinations. From the analysis of 2500 LCS-spectra of blood serum of donors, from various nosologic groups, it is concluded that the LCS method permits to identify risk groups with respect to certain diseases and intoxications, as well as to study pathological processes and to prognosticate the efficacy of the therapeutic measures used.