RESUMO
Since several years, we developed a new class of antimalarial drugs targeting the phospholipid metabolism of the Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite. The bis-thiazolium compound, SAR97276, is the lead compound and is now in clinical development. In this paper, we applied the fast rapid resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique to the analysis of SAR97276 in monkey matrices. The sample pre-treatment procedure involved an acidic precipitation of proteins followed by solid-phase extraction. The monocationic compound, T2, was used as internal standard. A good separation was achieved on a Zorbax eclipse XDB C8 column (1.8 microm, 50 mm x 4.6mm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-trimethylamine-formate buffer (pH 3) gradient elution. The total run time was 8 min. Inter-assay precisions were <10% in plasma, and
Assuntos
Antimaláricos/farmacocinética , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Malária/sangue , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Plasmodium cynomolgi , Tiazóis/farmacocinética , Animais , Antimaláricos/sangue , Antimaláricos/química , Antimaláricos/farmacologia , Disponibilidade Biológica , Soluções Tampão , Calibragem , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Congelamento , Meia-Vida , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Macaca mulatta , Taxa de Depuração Metabólica , Estrutura Molecular , Controle de Qualidade , Padrões de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Extração em Fase Sólida/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray , Tiazóis/sangue , Tiazóis/farmacologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Plasmodium knowlesi is an intracellular malaria parasite whose natural vertebrate host is Macaca fascicularis (the 'kra' monkey); however, it is now increasingly recognized as a significant cause of human malaria, particularly in southeast Asia. Plasmodium knowlesi was the first malaria parasite species in which antigenic variation was demonstrated, and it has a close phylogenetic relationship to Plasmodium vivax, the second most important species of human malaria parasite (reviewed in ref. 4). Despite their relatedness, there are important phenotypic differences between them, such as host blood cell preference, absence of a dormant liver stage or 'hypnozoite' in P. knowlesi, and length of the asexual cycle (reviewed in ref. 4). Here we present an analysis of the P. knowlesi (H strain, Pk1(A+) clone) nuclear genome sequence. This is the first monkey malaria parasite genome to be described, and it provides an opportunity for comparison with the recently completed P. vivax genome and other sequenced Plasmodium genomes. In contrast to other Plasmodium genomes, putative variant antigen families are dispersed throughout the genome and are associated with intrachromosomal telomere repeats. One of these families, the KIRs, contains sequences that collectively match over one-half of the host CD99 extracellular domain, which may represent an unusual form of molecular mimicry.