RESUMO
Now the Ebola virus continues to extend in the Western Africa. Cases, including with lethal outcomes are also registered in the countries of Europe and America. The probability of drift of this disease on the territory of the Russian Federation, including through the foreign military personnel who is trained in the country isn't excluded. For prevention of drift and distribution in Russia of the illness caused by the Ebola virus the complex of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) actions is developed and introduced in practice of military health care. The specified actions allow to control an epidemiological situation on this infection and can be recommended for use to military medical experts at all levels.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Doença pelo Vírus Ebola/epidemiologia , Controle de Infecções/métodos , Higiene Militar/métodos , Medicina Militar/métodos , Prevenção Primária/métodos , Doença pelo Vírus Ebola/prevenção & controle , Doença pelo Vírus Ebola/transmissão , Humanos , Controle de Infecções/organização & administração , Militares , Prevenção Primária/organização & administração , Federação RussaRESUMO
Community-acquired pneumonia is one of the most pressing issues for military medicine in connection with a high incidence among conscripts. After the vaccination beginning in 2002, the uninterrupted increase of the pneumonia incidence that had been observed in 90-th years was changed to the tendency of decrease. But in 2009 and 2010 the incidence of pneumonia increased significantly in all military districts because of crowded conditions of accommodation and activation of "mixing" of personnel in connection with reduction of military service period from 2 and 1.5 years to 1 year. The improvement of accommodation conditions and prevention of excessive cooling are the bases of prevention of pneumonia. It is recommended to use bactericidal air recycling apparatus in barracks. Medicament prophylaxis consists of vaccination with polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (Pneumo 23) together with influenza vaccine. It is necessary to approve in the troops conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (Prevenar 13), which was registered in Russia 2 years ago. Vaccination should be combined with the use of immunotropical and antivirus medication, vitamins.
Assuntos
Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis , Doenças Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Militares , Pneumonia Bacteriana , Pneumonia Viral , Vacinas/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pneumonia Bacteriana/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Bacteriana/prevenção & controle , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Estudos Retrospectivos , VacinaçãoRESUMO
The spatial distribution of two marmot species Marmota baibacina and M. sibirica in a zone of coexistence was studied by using their alarm call as a diagnostic trait. It was found that M. baibacina prefers to inhabit bouldery screes, whereas M. sibirica inhabits all suitable biotopes. The difference in biotopic distribution of these species could be explained by M. sibirica forcing M. baibacina out of optimum habitats. Cases of coexistence of both species in one family group sites were registered, which might contribute to the appearance of hybrids.
Assuntos
Marmota/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Vocalização Animal , Acústica , Animais , Biodiversidade , Marmota/fisiologia , Mongólia , Densidade Demográfica , Dinâmica Populacional , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
AIM: To determine clinicoimmunological and microbiological efficacy of ronkoleukine in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric ulcer (GU). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 108 H. pylori-associated GU were randomized into two groups. Patients of group 2 received standard 3 or 4 component therapy including proton pump inhibitor and two antibiotics (amoxicillin and clarithromycin). Patients of group 1 received the same treatment but antibiotics were replaced for recombinant interleukine-2 ronkoleukine (Biotech, Russia) which was delivered via gastroscope and injected submucously along the periphery of the ulcer defect in 4-6 points in a dose 0.1 mg; 0.4 mg of the drug was simultaneously injected intravenously. The procedure was made 3 times with a 72 hour interval. RESULTS: One month after the treatment H. pylori eradication was 81.5 and 95.4% in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Mean duration of ulcer epithelization was 35.23 +/- 1.58 and 10.79 +/- 0.46 days, respectively. CONCLUSION: Clinically and pathogenetically sound method of H. pylori-associated GU with application of systemic and local (paraulcer) immunotropic ronkoleukine therapy is more cost and immunologically effective than standard treatment and can be used both in hospital and outpatient setting.
Assuntos
Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Helicobacter pylori/efeitos dos fármacos , Interleucina-2/uso terapêutico , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Assistência Ambulatorial , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Citocinas/sangue , Citocinas/imunologia , Esquema de Medicação , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Infecções por Helicobacter/complicações , Infecções por Helicobacter/imunologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/microbiologia , Humanos , Interleucina-2/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neutrófilos/citologia , Neutrófilos/imunologia , Fagocitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Fagocitose/imunologia , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/administração & dosagem , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/uso terapêutico , Proteínas Recombinantes/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapêutico , Úlcera Gástrica/etiologia , Úlcera Gástrica/imunologia , Úlcera Gástrica/microbiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The authors describe a clinical case of successful endovascular treatment of subclavian arterial pseudoaneurysm using the stent graft JOSTENT-GRAFT 48 mm in length and 6 mm in diameter in a 49-year-old patient. The aneurysm developed over a length of 2 years as a result of polytrauma without remarkable circulatory disorders in the distal arterial bed of the upper extremity. Further existence of aneurysm was conjugated with a risk of ischemic or neurologic complications. This observation demonstrates the current potential of roentgenoendovascular surgery allowing to successfully replace the technically difficult and traumatic surgical intervention in the event of formation of pseudoaneurysms by the pulsatory hematoma type.
Assuntos
Aneurisma/cirurgia , Stents , Artéria Subclávia/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares/métodos , Aneurisma/diagnóstico por imagem , Angiografia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
AIM: To determine a course and prognostic effectiveness of corticosteroid therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Long-term therapy with broncholytics (berodual) and benacort was given to 25 patients in non-infectious exacerbation, 20 patients received broncholitics of 45 COPD patients with mild and moderate ventilation disorders. Follow-up lasted for 2.5 years. Treatment effectiveness was judged by clinical indices, external respiration function, parameters of systemic immunity, cytogram of induced sputum and concentration of inflammatory markers in the sputum. RESULTS: An immediate effect of two-month therapy with benacort of COPD exacerbations manifested with positive clinical dynamics and relief of endobronchial inflammation. Prognostic efficacy--with a significant reduction of the frequency of COPD exacerbations and of their mean duration more than 3-fold. CONCLUSION: The results of long-term follow-up support validity of inhalation corticosteroids use for eradication and prevention of noninfectious exacerbations of COPD.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/fisiopatologia , Esteroides , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Apoenzimas/metabolismo , Transtornos da Coagulação Sanguínea/etiologia , Transtornos da Coagulação Sanguínea/metabolismo , Traumatismo Múltiplo/complicações , Tromboplastina/metabolismo , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Transtornos da Coagulação Sanguínea/tratamento farmacológico , Heparina/uso terapêutico , HumanosRESUMO
Individuals become annually free from confinement places, among them 10.3-28.6% are ill with pulmonary tuberculosis. An average of only 35.6% of this contingent are registered at dispensaries in the territories. Their mortality rates within the first year of registration are 2.3 times higher than those registered at dispensaries of these territories. The authors show it necessary to accomplish cooperation between the health care facilities of the Ministry of Health of Russia and those of the Ministry of Justice of Russia.
Assuntos
Prisioneiros , Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/terapia , Alcoolismo/complicações , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Doença Crônica , Humanos , Fatores de Risco , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/complicações , Fatores de Tempo , Tuberculose Pulmonar/complicações , Tuberculose Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/mortalidadeRESUMO
Amoxyclav (amoxycillin/potassium clavulanate, A/PC) was used in a dose of 625 mg 3 times a day in the treatment of 68 outpatients at the age of 17 to 88 years (the average age of 49 years) with slight or moderate community-acquired pneumonia. In 49 per cent of the patients the pneumonia developed at the background of concomitant chronic diseases. The positive clinical effect was observed in 94 per cent of the patients. In 76 per cent of them a short-term treatment course of 5 days was sufficient. Before the treatment 91.8 per cent of the isolates proved to be susceptible to A/PC. The pathogen eradication after completion of the treatment was stated in 72 per cent of the cases. Moderate gastrointestinal adverse reactions developed in 4 patients (6 per cent). The results demonstrated high clinical and bacteriological efficacies of A/PC and made it possible to recommend the drug as the 1st class agent for the initial empirical therapy of community-acquired pneumonia in outpatients.
Assuntos
Combinação Amoxicilina e Clavulanato de Potássio/uso terapêutico , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/tratamento farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada/uso terapêutico , Pneumonia Bacteriana/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Oral , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Assistência Ambulatorial , Combinação Amoxicilina e Clavulanato de Potássio/administração & dosagem , Quimioterapia Combinada/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento , Resistência beta-LactâmicaRESUMO
The dispensary records of 5296 pulmonary tuberculosis patients who moved to the Krasnodar Territory during 5 years were analyzed. The excretors were 50.6%; 17.3% (ex-convicts) were registered in a dispensary. This group of patients refused to be on dispensary record more often than other migrants, had difficulties in contacting with medical personnel, more frequently suffered from concurrent alcoholism. Children's infection in these asocial families was 3 times higher than that in socially favourable tuberculosis foci.
Assuntos
Fatores Socioeconômicos , Migrantes , Tuberculose Pulmonar , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Hemoperfusão/métodos , Hemorragia/terapia , Baço , Esplenectomia/efeitos adversos , Artéria Esplênica , Ruptura Esplênica/cirurgia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/terapia , Trombose/terapia , Adolescente , Animais , Hemorragia/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/etiologia , Suínos , Trombose/etiologiaRESUMO
The experiments on rats were undertaken to study the action of pepsidil to make up for the biosynthesis deficiency of digestive enzymes in the stomach and pancreas caused by antituberculous drugs (methazide + PAS, isoniazid + PAS, isoniazid + rifampicin + ethambutol). It was proved that pepsidil reduced an inhibiting action of antituberculous drugs on the activity of gastroenteric tract proteinases. The given condition should be taken into account when antituberculous treatment is conducted.
Assuntos
Antituberculosos/efeitos adversos , Quimotripsina/deficiência , Mucosa Gástrica/enzimologia , Pâncreas/enzimologia , Pepsina A/uso terapêutico , Tripsina/deficiência , Tuberculose/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Quimotripsina/antagonistas & inibidores , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Endopeptidases/biossíntese , Endopeptidases/metabolismo , Indução Enzimática , Inibidores Enzimáticos , Mucosa Gástrica/efeitos dos fármacos , Pâncreas/efeitos dos fármacos , Pepsina A/antagonistas & inibidores , Pepsina A/deficiência , Ratos , Inibidores da Tripsina , Tuberculose/enzimologiaRESUMO
It was established experimentally that antituberculous agents (isoniazide, rifampicin, methazid, ethambutol, PAS) and their combination (isoniazide + rifampicin + PAS; isoniazide + PAS; methazid + PAS) inhibit erythrocytic glucoso-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase, glycerophosphate-dehydrogenase. This should be considered in instituting individual antituberculous therapy.