[Photodynamic therapy and fluorescent diagnosis of malignant tumors using preparation photogem]. / Fotodinamicheskaia terapiia i fliuorestsentnaia diagnostika zlokachestvennykh opukholei preparatom fotogem.

From February, 1992 to May, 1993 photodynamic therapy (PDT) was applied at the State Scientific Center of Laser Medicine and the Moscow Scientific-Research Oncological Institute for the treatment of 60 patients with primary and metastatic malignant tumors of the breast, skin, respiratory and digestive organs, female reproductive organs, and urinary bladder. Forty-eight patients underwent one course of PDT, 11 patients received 2 courses, and one patient was given 3 courses. Russian-produced Photogem was used as the photosensitizer. It was infused intravenously 24, 48, or 72 hours before exposure to laser beam. The dose of Photogem ranged from 2.5 to 6.0 mg/kg. The density of laser radiation power during PDT sessions ranged from 100 to 1,600 mVt/cm2, energy exposure from 80 to 600 J/cm2, duration of irradiation from 3 to 45 minutes. After treatment the patients were studied in follow-up periods of 4 weeks to 17 months. Complete regression of the tumor verified morphologically was found in 62%, partial regression in 34%, and limited response or absence of an effect in 4% of cases. Fluorescent-diagnostic examination of patients was conducted at the Moscow Scientific-Research Oncological Institute. It demonstrated the reliability of this diagnostic method with the use of the preparation Photogem as the photosensitizer.

[The pharmacokinetics of fluorescein, hematoporphyrin and its derivative during the development of granuloma]. / Farmakokinetika fliuorestseina, gematoporfirina i ego proizvodnogo pri razvitii granulemy.

In experiments on rats with granuloma reproduced by subcutaneous implantation of foreign material there was shown a slowing of excretion from the organism as well as a considerable redistribution between the organs of fluorescein, hematoporphyrin and its derivative as compared with intact animals. The noted changes practically did not depend on the time of granuloma development.

[The pharmacokinetics of hematoporphyrin, its derivative and fluorescein during the development of carcinosarcoma]. / Farmakokinetika gematoporfirina, ego proizvodnogo i fliuorestseina pri razvitii kartsinosarkomy.

The pharmacokinetics of fluorescein, hematoporphyrin and a derivative of hematoporphyrin was studied microspectrofluorometrically on rats with transplanted carcinosarcoma. It was shown that in the rats in contrast to intact animals the tissue concentration of fluorescein exhibits a general tendency towards an increase, that of hematoporphyrin towards a decrease and that of hematoporphyrin derivative towards an increase in all parenchymatous organs and a decrease in the skin and mucosae of the hollow organs. At the equally short period of the maximal accumulation of luminophores, the tumour tissue differs from the normal one by a pronounced delay of excretion only of hematoporphyrin derivative.

[Pathogenesis of porphyrin-sensitized lethal and sub-lethal photo-injury]. / Patogenez sensibilizirovannogo porfirinami letal'nogo i subletal'nogo fotopovrezhdeniia.

By means of morphological methods the mechanisms of thanatogenesis were studied in 57 white mice after the hematoporphyrin derivative administration and xenon lamp radiation imitating the sun spectrum. In dependence of integrative doses of sensitized photoradiation and individual resistance of the organism there was observed immediate (hours), retained (days) and remote (weeks) death of animals. In the first two groups death came as a result of photocoagulation of plasma proteins and toxemic shock with liver, lung and brain injury, and in the third group--as a result of suppurative resorptive intoxication against the background of ulcerous skin necrosis.