Effects of vitamin D3 and ecdysterone on free-radical lipid peroxidation.

Free-radical-induced lipid peroxidation was studied in vivo by measuring chemiluminescence of tissues from vitamin D-deficit animals before and after peroral administration of low-molecular-weight biological steroids vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and ecdysterone. The kinetics of lipid chemiluminescence in model systems in vitro were determined in blood serum and microsomal and mitochondrial fractions of the liver. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and ecdysterone displayed antiradical properties; the latter was more potent in this respect. Oxidation of lipids by hydroxyl groups contained in ecdysterone can account for its antiradical effect. Ecdysterone and D3 may cause antiradical effects through the same mechanisms.

[A comparative analysis of the proteins from a cell culture and from field plants of the ecdysteroid producer Serratula coronata L]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz belkov kletochnoi kul'tury i polevykh rastenii produtsenta ékdisteroidov Serratula coronata L.

Differences in the composition and amount of proteins synthesized in the cell culture and leaves of field plants Serratula coronata have been shown. They proceed from differences in intensity of synthesis of secondary metabolites, ecdysteroids, whose content in the cell culture is considerably lower.

[Interaction of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) with macrophages and their triboluminescence in hypercholesterolemia]. / Vzaimodeistvie lipoproteinov ochen' nizkoi plotnosti (LONP) s makrofagami i ikh triboliuminestsentsiia pri giperkholesterinemia.

Accumulation of cholesterol esters and triglycerides in peritoneal mice macrophages in the course of their interaction with lipoproteins of very low density (VLDL) is shown to grow considerably under conditions of hypercholesterolemia. A decrease of triboluminescence intensity characterizing the surface charge has been revealed at hypercholesterolemia both in VLDL and in the blood plasma. It is supposed that the triboluminescence method may be used for testing of the atherosclerotic process development.

[Ecdysterone induces the activity of multiple forms of acid phosphatase and malate dehydrogenase in fat bodies of Anterahea pernyi pupae]. / Ekdisteron indutsirue aktivnost' monzhestvennykh form kisloi fosfatazy i malatdegidrogenazy zhirovogo tela kukolok dubovogo shelkopriada.

The method of electrophoresis in PAAG has been used to study activity of multiple forms of acid phosphatase and malate dehydrogenase of the fat body of Anterahea pernyi pupae in norm and affected by ecdysterone. It is shown that an increase of total activity of acid phosphatase and malate dehydrogenase with administration of a steroid hormone is promoted by growth of activity of certain inducible multiple forms of the studied enzymes. Ecdysterone injection considerably elevates activity of the most electrophoretically mobile form of acid phosphatase and provokes new formation of malate dehydrogenase form. Ecdysterone-induced increase of activity of the studied enzyme forms in the fat body of Anterahea pernyi pupae is blocked by actinomycin D, an inhibitor of transcriptional processes, and by puromycin, a translation inhibitor. These data permit concluding that an increase in activity of the mentioned forms of enzymes observed with hormonal induction is a result of their synthesis de novo and is mediated by the DNA-dependent RNA-synthesis.

[The effect of growth marker proteins on the ionic permeability of rabbit liver mitochondria]. / Vliianie belkov-markerov rosta na ionnuiu pronitsaemost' mitokhondrii pecheni krolika.

The growth marker proteins from blood serum of new-born rabbits and G-myeloma-bearing people were studied for their effect on ionic permeability of rabbit liver mitochondria. The proteins under study induce an increase in nonspecific ionic permeability and swelling of mitochondria. Thiol compounds, in particular CoA8H (in small concentrations) neutralize the effect of growth marker proteins on the bioenergetic characteristics of mitochondria and lower considerably the protein-induced nonspecific ionic permeability.

[Isolation of immunoglobulin G--marker of normal growth in the blood of the rat]. / Vyiavlenie immunoglobulina G--markera normal'nogo rosta v krovi krys.

The blood of rats with a regenerating liver and of pregnant animals is found to contain a peculiar subfraction of immunoglobulin G (IgG) which is absent in the blood of control animals. A characteristic feature of the protein which permits its detection among other proteins of this class, is its ability to form a complex with serum alpha-globulins insoluble in the acid medium. The complex in composition and conditions of formation differs from that formed by IgG typical of malignant growth. This shows that in blood of animals with normal and malignant growth there appears a subfraction of IgG with similar properties but not identical to it. Isolation of the studied IgG from the formed complex insoluble in the acid medium is suggested as a preparative method for obtaining its subpopulation.

[Effect of protein-markers of growth on oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria]. / Vliianie belkov-markerov rosta na okislitel'noe fosforilirovanie v mitokhondriiakh.

Growth marker proteins (GMP) were studied for their effect on oxidative phosphorylation in the heart and liver mitochondria of rabbits. It is shown that GMP decrease a respiratory control (RC) coefficient, P/O coefficient, inhibit respiration of the mitochondria in metabolic states 3, 5 and activates it in state 4. The nature of the oxidation substrates (FAD- and NAD-dependent succinic and pyruvic acids, respectively) does not influence the GMP effect manifestation. It is supposed that GMP disturb the structural and functional integrity of the mitochondria. Variations in bioenergetic parameters of the heart and liver mitochondria in organisms with active growth foci as well as of mitochondria incubated with GMP, are unidirectional. Cytochrome c, coenzyme A (Co ASH) and other thyol compounds (cystein, dithiotreitol, glutathione--GSH) remove the GMP action.

[Effect of various respiration substrates and growth marker proteins on oxygen consumption in rabbit heart mitochondria]. / Vliianie razlichnykh substratov dykhaniia i belkov markerov protsessov rosta na pogloshchenie kisloroda mitokhondriiami serdechnoi myshtsy krolikov.

Oxygen uptake by myocardium mitochondria of healthy, carcinomatous and new-born rabbits in the presence of different substrates was studied under the effect of immunoglobulin G and beta-globulin peculiar to the normal and malignant growth. It is stated that the growth marker proteins representing a subfraction of immunoglobulin G of tumour patients blood serum and beta-globulin of new-born rabbits blood serum in the presence of pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate and glutamate inhibit the oxygen uptake by healthy rabbits heart mitochondria. Studies conducted on mitochondria of new-born and carcinomatous rabbits show that the action of the proteins under study depends on the respiration substrate. In the presence of succinate the proteins under study activate the oxygen uptake and pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate and glutamate inhibit this process. A conclusion is drawn that the effect of proteins peculiar to the growth process on the biological oxidation depends both on the substrate and structural state of mitochondria.

[Role of acid anion in formation of low-soluble aggregates of immunoglobulin G characteristic of malignant growth]. / Rol' aniona kisloty v obrazovanii malorastvorimykh agregatov immunoglobulina G, kharadternogo dlia zlokachestvennogo rosta.

The acid medium favour the formation of low-soluble aggregates in the cancer patient blood serum. An anion of the acid utilized for creation of the aggregate-forming medium is involved into composition of the agregates. The elementary quantitative analysis of such aggregates showed that the amount of the incorporating anion is in inverse dependence on its affinity for proteins. The anion is established to participate at the stage of the low-soluble complex formation. A schematic model is suggested for low-soluble aggregates formed in the cancer patient blood cerum under the effect of the acid medium.