[Combined treatment of rectal cancer with moderate risk of tumor progression]. / Rezul'taty primeneniya kombinirovannogo metoda lecheniya bol'nykh rakom pryamoi kishki so srednim riskom progressirovaniya opukholevogo protsessa.

OBJECTIVE: To increase the effectiveness of combined treatment in patients with rectal cancer and moderate risk of progression based on the concept of polyradiomodification (PRM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 337 patients with rectal cancer and moderate risk of tumor progression. A short course of radiotherapy (cRT) (5x5 Gy) combined with several radiomodifiers (cRT+PRM) was performed in 147 (43.6%) patients. Other 190 (56.4%) patients underwent cRT. The following radio modifiers were used: three-time application of local microwave hyperthermia (Yacht-3 or Yacht-4 devices), two-time intrarectal delivery of a biopolymer composition with Metronidazole before the 3rd and 5th irradiation sessions and two-week oral administration of Capecitabine (Xeloda) at a daily dose of 2.0 g/m2. Surgery was performed in 4-6 weeks after radiotherapy. RESULTS: CRT+PRM program increased 5-year relapse-free survival up to 81.3% compared to 60.3% after cRT alone (p=0.0003) due to significant reduction of the incidence of cancer recurrence from 8.4% to 0.7% (p=0.0013). More effective local growth control expanded the indications for sphincter-sparing surgery. These procedures were performed in 89.1% and 70.5% of patients, respectively (p=0.00001). In the cRT+PRM group, sphincter-sparing surgery reduced incidence of cancer recurrence from 13.7% to 0.8% (p=0.0110), distant metastases - from 23.9% to 13.7% (p=0.00349). CONCLUSION: Radiomodification in neoadjuvant radiotherapy is justified in patients with moderate risk of tumor progression, improves long-term results and increases the incidence of sphincter-sparing surgery.

[Using "Collegel" complex in combined therapy of rectum cancer].

The method of drug delivery to the site of lesion is an important component of drug effectiveness. To maximize the effectiveness of drugs LLC "Koletex" has developed and brought into practice the drug, "Collegel" for directed drug delivery. Hydrogel based composition "Collegel" is biopolymer consists of sodium alginate. In the gel-forming polymer one or more substance introduced on a specific technology. Studies have been conducted to examine the possibility of using hydrogel "Collegel" with 5-fluorouracil as radiomodifying agent in the treatment of rectal cancer. In the group of patients who received intrarectal introduction 5-fluorouracil, metastases were observed significantly less frequently (2.8%) than in the group of patients who received surgical treatment (15.2%) and preoperative radiotherapy in monoregimen (12.6%), as well as reduced doses capecitabine concomitantly with preoperative radiotherapy (11.4%), which gives the basis for the use of intrarectal way of introduction of therapeutic doses of 5-fluorouracil during preoperative chemoradiation therapy. The newly created method of complex treatment of patients with rectal cancer to ensure adequate local control of the disease. There is no local recurrence diagnosed over the 2-year follow-up period. We have considerable experience in the application of gel "Collegel" containing antioxidant and immunomodulator "Derinat" (deoxyribonuclease sodium) for the prevention and treatment of radiation damage to normal tissues during radiotherapy of malignant tumors. Patients can be treated without interruption and significantly reduces the incidence of adverse radiation damage.

[Polyradiomodification as component of combined treatment of rectal cancer: rationale and results].

The report discusses our 30-year experience with surgical and combined treatment of rectal cancer. In cases of preoperative radiotherapy, loco-regional frequency of relapse dropped to 9.6% as compared with surgery (16.3%). After preoperative thermoradiotherapy it fell to 4.6%; polyradiomodification - 0.5% (3-year follow-up). Distant metastasis formation rates were: after polyradiomodification--1.5%, radiotherapy--9.6%, and thermo-radiotherapy--6%. Recurrence-free survival rates (3 years) were: polyradiomodification--97.3%, thermo-radiotherapy--75.9%, radiotherapy--71.1%, and surgery--58%. Data on regimens and dosage of polyradiomodification alongside radiation damage for different combinations of treatment are presented.

[Combined treatment for rectal cancer using different radiomodification means].

The paper presents an evaluation of the results of surgical and combined treatment received by 961 patients at the Center's Clinics within 28 years. The analysis was based on 3 protocols of prospective randomized study. It dealt with assessment of the end results of surgical and combined treatment for operable rectal cancer using one preoperative hyperfractonated STD of 5-25 Gy. That was combined with local microwave hyperthermia and two radio modifiers--local microwave hyperthermia+intrarectal administration of a preparation containing metronidazolum. Due to the latter factor, the rate of 3-year relapse-free survival rose considerably. Also, loco-regional and distant metastasis incidence was cut down due to superior ablasticity of surgery.

[Antineoplastic activity of 5-fluorouracil upon transdermal adminstration using "Coletex" napkins]. / Protivoopukholevaia aktivnost' 5-ftoruratsila pri ego transdermal'nom vvedenii s pomoshch'iu salfetok "Koleteks".

The paper presents data on the effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-impregnated Coletex napkins on rats and mice with transplantable subcutaneous tumors of different histological patterns: Pliss lymphosarcoma, Walker carcinosarcoma and Ehrlich carcinoma. Since the napkins showed antitumor activity it is suggested that they might find application in treating a number of oncological pathologies, particularly, skin lesions and ulcerated and necrotized tumors.