Enamel opacities in all other than Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation index teeth of adolescents.

BACKGROUND: There are scarce data on the hypomineralisation of other permanent teeth (HOPT) than the index teeth of Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH). AIM: To report on the prevalence and surface pattern of HOPT and seek associations with MIH. DESIGN: Representative samples of urban Greek 14-year-olds were examined in classroom with a dental mirror. Their enamel defects were recorded using EAPD criteria for MIH. Descriptive statistics and correlation tests for HOPT vs previously reported MIH findings in the same samples were applied. RESULTS: HOPT prevalence in 1156 consented adolescents was 22.9%. 148 (16.2%) of 912 no-MIH children had HOPT; 117 (48.1%) of the 244 MIH children had HOPT too (OR 3.0, 95% CI 2.4-3.6). There were more HOPT teeth per child in the MIH vs no-MIH children (P < .001). HOPT tooth frequency was as follows: second molar 33.7%, canine 25.7%, first premolar 23.6%, and second premolar 17.0%. Enamel breakdown was seen in 5.3% HOPT children. Vestibular to intraoral surface defect ratio differed between jaws (maxilla 187/88, mandible 149/17, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Hypomineralisation defects in the MIH non-index teeth collectively had comparable prevalence and tooth surface patterns to MIH, but much lower severity. MIH was predictor for HOPT.

Erosive Tooth Wear and Related Risk Factors in 8- and 14-Year-Old Greek Children.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the erosive tooth wear of primary and permanent teeth and its association with related risk factors. Two groups of Greek children aged 8 (n = 329) and 14 years (n = 263) were examined in the classroom using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index. Data concerning risk factors were collected using questionnaires. Dental caries (DMFS/dmfs) was also recorded. The data were analyzed using the t test, one-way ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, Fisher's exact test, and the χ2 test. In the 8-year-olds, the primary teeth showed a predominantly medium level of wear and the permanent teeth no wear. A majority of the 14-year-olds exhibited low risk levels of wear. The most frequently affected dental surface in both age groups was the occlusal surface of the mandibular posterior teeth. In the 8-year-olds, BEWE scores and the prevalence of wear in the primary teeth was influenced by gender (p = 0.020). In their permanent teeth, soft drink consumption (p < 0.0001) and preference for lemon/vinegar (p = 0.041) significantly affected wear prevalence and BEWE scores, while habitually retaining soft drinks in the mouth influenced wear prevalence (p = 0.008), risk (p = 0.004), and BEWE scores (p = 0.022). In the 14-year-olds, wear prevalence was significantly affected by the consumption of lemon-flavored candies (p = 0.016) and soft drinks (p = 0.050). BEWE scores were significantly affected by gender (p = 0.022) and soft drink consumption (p = 0.030). Gender influenced tooth wear risk in both age groups (p = 0.010 and p = 0.021, respectively). The results of this study indicate that erosive tooth wear differed between primary and permanent teeth and was influenced by gender and dietary factors.

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization of Eight- and 14-year-old Children: Prevalence, Severity, and Defect Characteristics.

PURPOSE: To report on the prevalence, severity, defect location, and other characteristics of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH). METHODS: Representative samples of eight- and 14-year-old children (1,179 and 1,156, respectively) in three Greek cities were examined for MIH in the classroom using European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria. MIH either mild or severe included the recording of defect color and location. RESULTS: MIH prevalence was 21 percent (498 of 2,335 children), with a statistically significant difference in one city (16 percent) from the other two (23 percent, P=.007; and 23 percent, P=.002). In 46 percent of MIH cases, only permanent first molars (PFMs) were affected. MIH severity was associated with age (severe MIH eight-year-olds comprised 13 percent; 14-year-olds comprised 35 percent, P<.001) and with number of affected teeth per child (mild equals 2.44, severe equals 4.22, P<.001). The lingual surfaces of mandibular PFMs and palatal/lingual surfaces of all incisors were significantly less frequently affected (all less than 10 percent) than their buccal/labial counterparts (P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Predominantly mild MIH was common in children's permanent teeth, with some intracountry variation. A surface predilection of MIH opacities was clearly revealed. The severity in 14-year-olds was threefold that of eight-year-olds.