[On risk-oriented model of sanitary epidemiologic surveillance in occupational hygiene].

In 2015, Federal Service on surveillance in consumers rights protection and public well-being set a task to organize planned work of regional agencies on basis of risk-oriented model of control and supervision. Based on results of pilot project in Rospotrebnadzor Department of Perm area and St-Petersburg, the article covers methodic approaches to classification of objects liable to surveillance in occupational hygiene. The classification considers possibility of sanitary law violation, severity of this violation consequences and number of workers exposed to risk factors including hazardous work conditions. The authors specified recommendations on periodicity and forms of planned inspections considering evaluation of potential risk for human health, determined problems that require solution in implementation of risk-oriented model of surveillance.

[Forming a community at risk for circulatory system diseases among workers engaged into underground mining].

Forming a community at risk for circulatory system diseases will increase efficiency of medical and prophylactic measures on managing risk of arterial hypertension. Epidemiologic analysis helped to reveal reliable connection between arterial hypertension predictors and work conditions of mining machine operators and supported actualization of high occupational risk suggested in a priori evaluation. Mathematic modelling helped to forecast increase in the disease probability: with noise level of 94 dB after 10 years of work, 17.9% of workers are expected to have arterial hypertension preventing from further occupational activity. Forecasting results of arterial hypertension probability help to form risk groups for medical and preventive technologies managing occupational risk, and predictors enable to specify necessity of individual medical preventive measures.

[On work conditions and occupational morbidity in Permsky area].

Permsky area is one of the most developed regions in Russia and among national industrial leaders. Registered level of occupational diseases in Permsky area does not correspond to work conditions state in industry. Over last 10 years, more than third of workers started having hazardous work conditions, number of the workers reduced more than by 200,000. Small-scale and medium business employers do not pay proper attention to health care for workers, and the situation concerning occupational hygiene in these enterprises deteriorates. Workers' health care is topical problem for Permsky area, necessitates systemic and complex actions within federal and regional goal-oriented program.

[Evaluation and prognosis of occupational risk in workers of nonferrous metallurgy enterprises].

The article deals with results of a priori and a posteriori evaluation of occupational risk for workers' health. Categories of a priori occupational risk for workers are estimated as high to very high (intolerable) risk. Findings are that work conditions in nonferrous metallurgy workshop result in upper respiratory tract diseases (medium degree of occupational conditionality). Increased prevalence of such diseases among the workers is connected with length of service. The authors revealed priority factors for occupationally conditioned diseases. A promising approach in occupational medicine is creation of methods to evaluate and forecast occupational risk, that enable to specify goal parameters for prophylactic measures. For example, modelling the risk of occupationally conditioned diseases via changes in exposure to occupational factor and length of service proved that decrease of chemical concentrations in air of workplace to maximally allowable ones lowers risk of respiratory diseases from 14 to 6 cases per year, for length of service of 5 years and population risk.

[Problems of occupational fitness conclusion on periodic medical examination].

Additional examination in Occupational Pathology Center are economic loss both for employer and employee, as the employee receives payment for those days when in the examination. Analysis of over 600 cases of occupational fitness examination in Occupational Pathology Center according to referrals given by medical institutions providing periodic medical examination shows that in most cases the conclusion was possible during periodic medical examination. Difficulties in conclusion on workers' fitness for occupation during periodic medical examination, according to our viewpoint, result not from limited diagnostic facilities for adequate examination and unfitness disclosure, but from lack of information in primary medical documentation and inadequacy of occupational factor and work characteristics presented by employer to actual working conditions.

[Hygienic features of work conditions and their influence on health of workers engaged in ferrovanadium production].

The authors present complex hygienic characteristics of work conditions for workers engaged into metallurgic process of ferrovanadium production. Chemical factors were shown as having complex influences. Occupational risk for the workers' health was estimated. Categories of a priori occupational risk for workers are valued from average (considerable) risk to very high (intolerable) risk. Factors that are priorities for development of occupationally induced diseases are disclosed. Reliable cause-effect relationships between working environment factors and the workers' diseases are determined. Work conditions appeared to play considerable role in respiratory tract diseases (average degree of occupational conditionality). Differences between workshops in fractional composition and concentration of dust, as major components of occupational factors complex, develop pathologic changes in various levels of respiratory system.

[Some health parameters of working population in Perm area, and objectives to health improvement for recent years].

The article covers objectives of health preservation, occupational longevity and complex development of industrial medicine in Perm area.

[Concomitant influence of occupational and social risk factors on health of workers engaged into powder metallurgy].

Results of health risk evaluation in workers engaged into powder metallurgy, using complex of hygienic, medical, epidemiologic and sociologic studies, enable to define priority occupational and social risk factors, to assess degree of their influence on the workers' health and to identify occupationally induced diseases.