RESUMO
Several common ocular diseases are leading causes of irreversible visual impairment. Over the last decade, various mainly untargeted metabolic studies have been performed to show that metabolic dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. A number of metabolites in plasma/serum, aqueous or vitreous humor, or in tears have been found to differ between patients and controls; among them are L-carnitine and acylcarnitines, which are essential for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. The metabolic profile of carnitines regarding a variety of diseases has attracted researchers' interest. In this review, we present and discuss recent advances that have been made in the identification of carnitines as potential metabolic biomarkers in common ocular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, central retinal vein occlusion, primary open-angle glaucoma, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and dry eye syndrome.
Assuntos
Glaucoma de Ângulo Aberto , Oftalmologia , Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Glaucoma de Ângulo Aberto/metabolismo , Carnitina/metabolismo , Corpo Vítreo/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismoRESUMO
A series of 3-acylhydrazono-4-hydroxycoumarins were synthesized via condensation of 3-acetyl-4-hydroxycoumarin with appropriate hydrazides. The structures of the newly-synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral and elememental analysis or HRMS measurements. Their antioxidant properties were evaluated by using scavenging effects on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical as well as inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Moreover, their ability to inhibit in vitro soybean lipoxygenase has been investigated. They were found to be capable of rapid inactivation of alkylperoxy radicals.
Assuntos
4-Hidroxicumarinas/síntese química , 4-Hidroxicumarinas/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/síntese química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , 4-Hidroxicumarinas/química , Antioxidantes/química , Compostos de Bifenilo/metabolismo , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/química , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores de Lipoxigenase/síntese química , Inibidores de Lipoxigenase/química , Inibidores de Lipoxigenase/farmacologia , Estrutura Molecular , Picratos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/antagonistas & inibidores , Glycine max/enzimologia , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
The title compound, C(16)H(12)N(2)O(4)S, was obtained by the condensation of 3-acetyl-4-hy-droxy-coumarin with thien-2-ylcarbonyl hydrazide. The pyran ring adopts a 2,4-dione tautomeric form. The benzopyran ring system is almost coplanar with the thio-phene ring [dihedral angle 0.9â (2)°]. The exocyclic C=C double bond has an E geometry. The mol-ecular conformation is stabilized by an intra-molecular N-Hâ¯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal, inter-molecular N-Hâ¯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into chains along the a axis.
