[Flow cytometry evaluation of the rhesus monkey cellular immunity following the Zaire ebolavirus (Filoviridae; Ebolavirus: Zaire ebolavirus) experimental infection].

INTRODUCTION: The outbreaks of the Zaire ebolavirus (ZE) disease (ZED) that have arisen in the last decade determine the need to study the infection pathogenesis, the formation of specific immunity forming as well as the development of effective preventive and therapeutic means. All stages of fight against the ZED spread require the experimental infection in sensitive laboratory animals, which are rhesus monkeys in case of this disease .The aim of the study is to evaluate the rhesus monkey cellular immunity following the ZE experimental infection by the means of flow cytometry (cytofluorimetry). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Male rhesus monkeys were intramuscularly infected by the dose of 15 LD50 (dose of the pathogen that causes 50% mortality of infected animals) of the ZE, the Zaire strain (ZEBOV). Levels of 18 peripheral blood lymphocyte populations of the animals before the ZE experimental infection and at the terminal stage of the disease were assessed using flow cytometry. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The certain changes in the levels of the lymphocyte populations were observed following infection, indicating simultaneous activation and suppression of the immune system during ZED. The increase in content was observed for T-lymphocytes, T-helper and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes expressing the corresponding markers of early activation. The decrease was recorded for T-lymphocytes and double-positive T-lymphocytes expressing corresponding markers of late activation, as well as natural killer cells expressing CD8 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: For the first time in the Russian Federation, the rhesus monkey cellular immunity before and after the ZE experimental infection was assessed using flow cytometry.

[Evaluation of the functional state of drivers by parameters of vegetative regulation of cardiac rhythm with the use of method of wireless cardiorhythmography].

Analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) provides the possibility to obtain the predictive and meaningful information on the functional status and features of adaptive responses of the whole organism. Monitoring the functional state in the course of professional activities with the use of wireless cardiorhythmography provides data acquisition on heart rate dynamics in accordance with the level of occupational load. The article is devoted to the development of methods for rapid assessment of the functional state of motor vehicle drivers in the process of occupational activity. There was performed the hygienic assessment of working conditions of jobs. The studies of the influence of the factor loadings on the level of the functional state of the cardiovascular system (CVS) of drivers were performed with the help of wireless telemetry system. A developed computer software were used for the calculation of the spectral parameters of HRV. By the analysis of cardiorhythmograms in drivers there were both revealed significant disorders of the rhythm of the cardiac activity (reduction of total power TP, HF-component, increase in LF-component, LF/HF index, extrasystole) and recorded changes in the spectral HRV indices in accordance with the level of occupational load, that represents the degree of individual response. The method of wireless cardiorhythmography is promising for the creation of personalized monitoring system to assess the risk of individual occupational risk.

[Simulation of the disease caused by Hantaan virus in white mice by a complex of virological, biochemical, and hematological parameters].

The essence of studies was that the disease is simulated in 12-day albino mice subcutaneously infected with Hantaan virus, strain 76-118 in a dose of 10 LD50. As an efficiency index, the study of drugs uses major (death protection coefficient, mean animal lifetime) and auxiliary (virological: pathogen accumulation in the brain tissues of deceased animals) parameters, biochemical (the levels of creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, malonic dialdehyde), hematological (count of leukocytes, leukogram) ones; as well as interferon status (the levels of circulatory interferon, leukocytic production of alpha- and gamma-interferons). The procedure for simulating the disease caused by Hantaan virus on an experimental animal is used to choose effective drugs against the pathogen of hemorrhagic nephrosonephritis.

[The in vitro antiviral activity against the causative agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].

It is shown that primary screening of drugs against the pathogens of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFV) may be performed, by using two approaches in estimating the suppression of plague formation and that of viral reproduction in the cultured cells. It is expedient to make a primary screening of interferon and its inductors to estimate the suppression of viral reproduction in the cultured Vero E6, PSEV, and CL-17 cells, the infection multiplicity should be hundredth parts of BOE/cell. Among the test agents, there are virazole and realdiron that are the most active drugs against Hantaan virus, 76-118 strain, which virually completely suppress the reproduction of the study causative agent, when used even at concentrations of 1-5 microg/ml and 100 U/ml, respectively.

[Antiviral effectiveness of the combined use of amixine and virasole in experimental hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in sucking albino mice].

The antiviral effectiveness of the combined and single use of superlow-dose amixine and virasole on the course of experimental hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome was studied in sucking albino mice parenterally infected with their virus Hantaan. The co-administration of virasole and amixine was shown to protect 52% of the infected animals from death, which is superior to the effect of their monotherapy. The combined use of the drugs substantially prolongs the survival of albino mice after their infection and the level of brain viral reproduction suppression ( delta = 3.21 g) in the experimental group as compared to the controls and to the mice given only one of the drugs.

[Antiviral activity of an interferon inducer amixin in experimental West Nile Fever]. / Protivovirusnaia aktivnost' induktora interferona amiksina pri éksperimental'noi forme likhoradki Zapadnogo Nila.

Experimental research was undertaken to investigate the use of amixin in prevention, emergency prevention schemes and treatment of mice infected with West Nile fever (WNF) agent, strain Eg-101; the results are indicative of the drug efficiency both in its peroral and subcutaneous administrations. Amixin was shown to be most effective in the former case when administered, 10 mg/kg, in 96 hours before mice were infected as well as during the entire incubation period: lethality protection--46%. In the latter case, the drug was effective, when 3 administration schemes were in use, 10 mg/kg. The maximum degree of protection efficiency was registered with amixin administration according to the emergency prevention scheme: lethality protection--33%. The drug suppresses effectively the WNF virus reproduction in cerebral tissues.

[Effectiveness of virazol, realdiron and interferon inductors in experimental Omsk hemorrhagic fever]. / Effektivnost' virazola, real'dirona i induktorov interferona pri éksperimental'noi omskoi gemorragicheskoi likhoradke.

Efficacy of drug therapy of Omsk hemorrhagic fever (OHF) was tested experimentally using cell culture and laboratory animals infected with the OHF virus strain Ondatra. Screening tests showed that high concentrations of Virazol or interferon inducers Larifan and Rifastin caused moderately pronounced suppression of virus reproduction in cell culture. Realdiron was found to be a high-efficacy preparation causing complete inhibition of virus reproduction in cell. Larifan demonstrated the highest antiviral efficacy against OHF virus in experiments with laboratory animals. This drug prevented the death of 65% infected mice and significantly decreased infection process severity in rabbits.

[Efficacy of amixine in experimental hantavirus infection]. / Effektivnost' amiksin pri éksperimental'noi khantavirusnoi infektsii.

The experimental studies conducted on 2-week suckling mice infected with Hantaan virus, Strain 76-118) treated with oral and subcutaneous amoxine showed its prophylactic, therapeutical-and-prophylactic, and therapeutical efficiencies. Oral amoxine exhibited the highest efficiency when used in a dose of 10 mg/kg-1 96 hours before infection and throughout the incubation period. The protective efficiency was 61%. Subcutaneously, the agent was effective when three schemes for injection in a dose of 1 mg/kg-1. Its maximum effect was observed when amoxine was given by the therapeutical-and-prophylactic scheme. The death protection rate was 65%. The agent is effective in suppressing the reproduction of Hantaan virus in the brain tissue.

[The use of fibrin glue in abdominal surgery]. / Primenenie fibrinovogo kleia v abdominal'noi khirurgii.

The data on use of fibrin glue (FG) in 215 patients operated on the abdominal organs, employing laser surgical techniques, are presented. In 132 patients, the complicated forms of gastric and duodenal ulcer disease, in 25--gastric cancer, in 24--colonic tumors, in 26--injuries to the liver were revealed. Considerable reduction in incidence of early postoperative complications as compared with that in patients operated on with the use of conventional techniques was noted.