RESUMO
A gene designated Sec-N encoding secalin was mapped in the introgressive winter common wheat line Hostianum 273/97 (H273) with the wheat-rye substitution (1B)1R from the octoploid triticale AD825. F2 seeds from crossing the line H273 with the line Hostianum 242/97-2 carrying the wheat-rye 1BL/1RS translocation were analysed. The studied component on the SDS-electrophoregram of total proteins was revealed to be a monomeric secalin which is encoded by the gene at the new locus Sec-N located distally with respect to the Sec-1 locus at a distance of 21.4 +/- 2.5% (22.9 +/- 3.1 cM). The arrangement of the secalin loci on the 1RS arm indicates that the Sec-N locus is to be homoeologous to the Gli-1 loci of common wheat.
Assuntos
Genes de Plantas , Loci Gênicos , Glutens/genética , Recombinação Genética , Secale/genética , Triticum/genética , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Glutens/metabolismo , Secale/metabolismo , Sementes/genética , Triticum/metabolismoRESUMO
Effects of irradiation of dry F1 seeds with gamma rays in the dose of 200 Gy were studied. Hybrids between near-isogenic lines on the basis of the variety Bezostaya 1 served as the material of investigation. Irradiation markedly reduced productivity traits of F1 plants and did not affect the survival of F1 plants under the given growth conditions. A significant relative increase in the frequency of pollen grains with the 1BL/1RS translocation that formed F2 seeds in comparison with the control was one of the effects of irradiation of F1 seeds. Irradiation with gamma-rays induced mutations at gliadin loci with the frequency of 7,4 % (at 0,5 % in the control).
Assuntos
Quimera/genética , Gliadina/genética , Sementes/genética , Translocação Genética/efeitos da radiação , Triticum/genética , Alelos , Raios gama , Loci Gênicos/efeitos da radiação , Marcadores Genéticos , Padrões de Herança/efeitos da radiação , Taxa de Mutação , Pólen/genética , Pólen/efeitos da radiação , Sementes/efeitos da radiação , Triticum/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
The review deals with advances and prospects in development of transgenic plants. At present virtually all commercial GM crops are those created for solving plant protection problems--they carry transgenes conferring resistance to herbicides, pests, viruses. Approaches employed for development of commercial GM crops with herbicide, pest and virus resistance, as well as strategies and prospects of development of commercial GM plants with resistance to fungal and bacterial diseases and nematodes, are considered. Ecological (including agronomical) and social risks associated with commercial growing of transgenic plants are briefly discussed.
Assuntos
Imunidade Vegetal , Plantas/genética , Transgenes , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/genética , Ecologia , Técnicas de Transferência de Genes , Transferência Genética Horizontal , Humanos , Espécies Introduzidas , Plantas/imunologia , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas , Risco , Transformação GenéticaRESUMO
The allelic characteristics of the Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-D1 and Glu-A3 loci of 14 bread wheat varieties and 6 near-isogenic lines derived from Bezostaya 1 have been detected by PCR analysis. The conformity of molecular-genetic data and electrophoresis of storage proteins has been determined: the allelic variants of gliadins Gli-A1o and Gi-A1m correspond to the PCR-allele GliA1.2, the gliadin variants Gli-A1f, Gli-A1b, Gli-A1c correspond to the PCR-allele GliA 1.1, the allelic variants Gli-B1b, Gli-B1d--to the PCR-allele GliB1.1 and the variants Gli-B1e, Gli-B1g, Gli-B1c-to the PCR-allele GliB1.2. A new PCR-allele at the GliB) locus in the line Gli-B1-12 (with the gliadin block Gli-B1o from Levent) was identified.
Assuntos
Alelos , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Gliadina/genética , Triticum/genética , Primers do DNA , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Triticum/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Analysis of alcohol-soluble protein (gliadin) patterns of a group of winter common wheat varieties from different breeding centers of Ukraine resulted in identification of six varieties with the rye 1AL/1RS translocation. The line 7086 AR also carries this translocation. The identified 1AL/1RS translocation is similar to that of the variety Amigo in the secalin pattern. The appearance of this translocation in varieties developed in different breeding centers of the forest-steppe of Ukraine indicates its involvement in coadaptive gene associations.
Assuntos
Cromossomos de Plantas/genética , Genes de Plantas , Seleção Genética , Translocação Genética , Triticum/genética , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Gliadina/genética , Glutens , Filogenia , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Estações do Ano , Especificidade da Espécie , Triticum/classificação , UcrâniaRESUMO
Genotypes at the storage protein loci Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1, Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-D1, Gli-A3 were identified in a group of Greek spring common wheat varieties. These varieties served as the parental forms for producing dihaploid lines. Heterogeneous varieties were revealed.
