Retrospective evaluation of canine primary, multicentric, and metastatic intraocular neoplasia.

OBJECTIVE: To provide an updated characterization of the prevalence of primary, multicentric, and metastatic intraocular tumors in the canine patient. PROCEDURES: Medical records databases from 4 veterinary referral hospitals were reviewed from 1999 to present to identify dogs with a diagnosis of intraocular neoplasia histopathologically confirmed following enucleation or necropsy. RESULTS: One hundred seventy-two dogs with 173 intraocular neoplasms met the inclusion criteria. Primary intraocular neoplasms were the most common tumors in the study (128); the two most common types were melanocytic neoplasia (90), followed by iridociliary neoplasia (33). There were 28 cases of intraocular involvement secondary to round cell neoplasia, with 18 cases of lymphoma, seven histiocytic sarcomas, and three undifferentiated round cell neoplasms. There were 17 cases of metastatic intraocular neoplasia, with hemangiosarcoma being the most common (9). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of intraocular tumors in dogs arise from the ocular tissues. However, the eye may also be involved in patients with multicentric neoplasia, and, less commonly, as a site for metastatic disease. Ocular screening for patients with multicentric neoplasia should be considered during staging, and ocular signs should be viewed with suspicion in dogs with neoplasia in other sites.

Transient unilateral vision loss in a dog following inadvertent intravitreal injection of bupivacaine during a dental procedure.

CASE DESCRIPTION: A 4-year-old castrated male Chihuahua was evaluated because of unilateral vision loss following extraoral administration of a caudal maxillary nerve block during a dental procedure. CLINICAL FINDINGS: The menace response was absent in the left eye, but the pupillary light reflex was intact. Vitreal hemorrhages and opacities were present on ophthalmic examination of the left eye. Ultrasonographic findings were supportive of the clinical findings. The posterior lens capsule and retina appeared to be undisturbed. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Treatment consisted of administration of carprofen and prophylactic administration of amoxicillin-clavulanate. Vision was clinically normal with an intact menace response 1 week later. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Findings indicated that intravitreal injection of the local anesthetic agent should be considered as a potential complication when performing nerve blocks prior to dental procedures in dogs.