[Evaluation of thyroid structure and function in patients with Turner syndromes]. / Ocena struktury i czynnosci tarczycy u chorych z zespolem Turnera.

The aim of our study was an estimation of thyroid structure and function in 37 patients with Turner syndrome aged from 19 to 60 years and in control group of healthy women. In each case the following studies were performed: cytogenetic examination, thyroid ultrasonography, serum total and free thyroid hormones, TSH, thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid hormones binding globulin (TBG), antithyroglobulin and antithyroperoxidase antibodies (anti-Tg and anti-TPO) levels. In Turner syndrome ultrasonographic volume of the thyroid was significantly lower than in control group (11.03 vs 16.98 cm3). Abnormalities of thyroid function were found in 8 (22%) studied cases (subclinical primary hypothyroidism in 16%, full-clinical primary hypothyroidism in 3% and hyperthyroidism in course of Graves disease in 3%). Serum elevated antithyroid antibodies were present in 62% cases of Turner syndrome and were significantly higher than in control group (16%). In Turner syndrome thyroid diseases are more frequent than in healthy population. Every patient with Turner syndrome needs routine diagnostics of the thyroid structure and function.

[The efficiency of goiter prevention due to iodine deficiency in pregnant women]. / Skutecznosc profilaktyki wola z niedoboru jodu u kobiet ciezarnych.

The iodine is indispensable element for life that is also fundamental substract for thyroid hormone synthesis which make very important influence on protein's lipid's, carbohydrate's and highly caloric substances metabolism and are a requisite of proper man development. The pregnant women are one of population group which is the most sensitive on iodine's deficiency. The results of researches indicate on insufficient iodine intake in pregnant women diet, whose take food even according to diet's recommendation given by physician. The wide iodine's prophylaxis which was provided as yet is insufficient in case of pregnant and nursing women. It is confirmed the necessity of additional iodine supplementation. A set of control tests should be done in requires cases that inform physician about changes in function and size of thyroid gland and make possible the individualization of treatment. The supplementation doses of iodine about 150 micrograms are safe and there was not observed any side effects during their taking.

[Thyroid gland function in neonates with transient hyperthyrotrophinemia from a region of slight iodine deficiency]. / Czynnosc tarczycy noworodków z przemijajaca hipertyreotropinemia na obszarze nieznacznego niedoboru jodu.

The aim of this study was to evaluate thyroid gland function in neonates and babies with transient hyperthyrotrophinemia during the first twelve months of life in an attempt to establish the causes of this condition in neonates born in a region of slight iodine deficiency. Thirty-eight newborns were screened. Clinical observations and measurements of serum T3, T4, TSH levels as well as urinary iodine were conducted for one year (at the age of 2 weeks, 3-4 months, and after one year of life). The screened children showed significantly higher values of T4 (p < 0.001) in comparison with the reference value in successive follow-up examinations. High T4 values may result from an increased TBG concentration in serum, and its level should be determined in the analysed material. Other hormonal values normalized after the second weak of life. Iodine deficiency was found in 80% of the children. Our assessments concerning the causes of transient hyperthyrotrophinemia conform with previous findings. It was established that the most common causes are iodine deficiency and maternal thyroid disease. None of the screened children had goitre somatic anomalies or delayed psychomotoric development did not appear more frequently than in the general pediatric population.