[The frequency of detection of non-polio enteroviruses in foul and fecal waste waters, water and some food products].

In the Perm Territory from 2010 to 2014 155 samples offoul andfecal waste waters, 293 samples of surface water, 827 samples of supply net water, and 57 vegetable and fruit water-washes were examined for the RNA enterovirus agent with the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. In parallel 155 wastewater samples, 20 samples of surface water, and 4 samples of supply net water were examined for non-polio enterovirus agent with the use of virological methods. In the samples of foul waste waters the RNA enterovirus agent was detected in 74.8 ± 3.4%, and nonpolio enterovirus agent - in 65.1 ± 3.8%. In the samples of surface water the RNA enterovirus agent was detected in 2.3 ± 0.8%; in the area offoul and fecal waste waters the non-polio enterovirus agent was detected in 20.0 ± 4.4% in the process of virological investigation of RNA-positive water samples. In supply net water the RNA enterovirus agent was detected in 0.8 ± 0.3 %, on the surface of vegetables, fruits, and grapes - in 10.5 ± 3.9 %.

[MANIFESTATIONS OF EPIDEMIC PROCESS AND TRANSMISSION ROUTES OF CAUSATIVE AGENT OF ENTEROVIRUS SEROUS MENINGITIS].

AIM: Study the manifestations of epidemic process and leading transmission routes of causative agents of enterovirus serous meningitis (SM) by results of laboratory studies and epidemiologic examination of epidemic nidi. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During 2010 - 2014 a study for enterovirus was carried out in cerebrospinal fluid in 743 patients, hospitalized into medical organizations of Perm with primary diagnosis "serous meningitis", feces of 426 individuals, that had communicated with patients with SM of enterovirus etiology; 827 water samples from the distribution network, 295 water samples from open water and 57 washes from surface of vegetables and fruits. All the samples were studied in polymerase chain reaction, part--by a virological method. Epidemiologic examination of 350 epidemic nidi of SM was carried out. RESULTS: Enterovirus and (or) its RNA were detected in 62.0% of patients and 61.9% of individuals that had communicated with patients with enteroviris SM. ECHO 6 serotype enterovirus dominated among the causative agents. Maximum intensity of epidemic process of enterovirus SM, based on data from laboratory examination of patients, was detected in a group of organized pre-school and school age children during summer-autumn period. CONCLUSION: . Examination of epidemic nidi and laboratory control of environmental objects have shown that CV causative agent transmission factors are, in particular, unboiled water from decentralized sources (boreholes, wells, springs), water from open waters during bathing, as well as fresh vegetables, fruits, berries and meals produced from them. .

[The experimental evaluation of the possibility of the penetration of enteric viruses from the surface into the pulp of contaminated fruits and vegetables].

According to the results of complex microbiological examination of samples of vegetables, fruits and grapes there was established significant contamination of them with opportunistic bacteria, antigens of intestinal viruses and cysts of intestinal Protozoa, that confirms the epidemiological role of these products as factors in transmission of acute intestinal infections. There was revealed ribonucleic acid of enteric viruses in experimentally infected pulp from the surface of tomatoes and apples, that indicates to the possibility of penetration of these pathogens into the fruits and vegetables through intact (having no visible damages) surface.

[Influence of dairy food rotavirus contamination on morbidity].

The indirect hemagglutation test (IHT) indicated that rotaantigen infection of dairy foods (DF) selected at the milk processing shop in the year of high morbidity due to rotavirus infection (RVI) averaged 12.4%. Laboratory monitoring of DF sold in the year of relative low morbidity could establish that the rate of their rotaantigen contamination averaged 4.8%, as evidenced by IHT; polymerase chain reaction was positive in 19.3% of cases. Comparison of annual trends in the detection rate of rotaantigen in DF and RVI morbidity revealed that there was an increase in DF rotavirus contamination in the cold period of a year, following the seasonal activation of an epidemic process.

[Evaluation of intestinal viral contamination of water objects as compared to morbidity trends]. / Otsenka kontaminatsii vodnykh ob"ektov kishechnymi virusami v sopostavlenii s dinamikoi zabolevaemosti naseleniia.

The 1988-2000 laboratory studies of water objects in the Perm Region revealed a significant contamination of household effluents, underground and superficial water sources and distribution network water with hepatitis A antigen, Coxsackie and ECHO enteroviruses, and rotavirus antigen. A decrease in the contamination of distribution network water with hepatitis A antigen and an increase in its contamination with rotavirus antigen in recent years coincide with the trends of epidemic processes of respective infections. The maximum deterioration of the quality of distribution network water due to its contamination with hepatitis A antigen and rotavirus antigen is observed during spring freshet and precedes a seasonal rise in the incidence of hepatitis A and rotavirus infection in the population.