[Clinical immunological characteristics of the pathogenesis of catarrhal gingivitis (Communication 1)]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskie osobennosti patogeneza kataral'nogog gingivita (Soobshchenie 1).

In order to evaluate the relationship between cellular and humoral immunity, washings from the gingival sulcus were analyzed in 15 patients with catarrhal gingivitis and 15 subjects with intact periodontium aged 19-22 years. The results indicate a close relationship between local immunity and humoral and cellular defense factors. It seems that decreased IgA level, complement component, and increased activities of C-reactive protein and antistreptolysin-O are the key factors in the development of chronic gingivitis. Permanent bacterial aggression leads to dysfunction of phagocytic and epithelial cells.

[Predicting purulent complications in surgery by determining antibody affinity]. / Prognozirovanie gnoinykh oslozhnenii v khirurgii s pomoshch'iu opredeleniia affinnosti antitel.

Blood serum of 153 operated patients was studied, 133 of them had uncomplicated postoperative period, 20 patients had postoperative infectious complications. Control group consisted of 23 healthy donors. Coefficient of antibodies affinity was deduced mathematically. If this coefficient didn't exceed 15%, probability of complications development was 90%; if this coefficient ranged from 15 to 30%, probability of complications was 50%; if coefficient exceeded 30%, complications in postoperative period were the least probable. This method can be used for humoral immunity evaluation in surgical patients, bearing in mind its prognostic and diagnostic significance.

[Features of humoral antibacterial immunity in patients with HIV infections and AIDS]. / Nekotorye osobennosti gumoral'nogo antibakterial'nogo immuniteta u BICh-infitsirovannykh i bol'nykh SPIDom.

The level of antibodies to some bacterial antigens, their affinity and relationship to the level of CD4+ T-lymphocytes in persons at different stages of HIV infection was studied. The study revealed that at early stages of the development of HIV infection a decrease in the levels of antibodies to Streptococcus pneumoniae protein somatic antigen in comparison with those in HIV-negative donors occurred. In the process of the development of HIV infection an increase in the level of Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan and some S.aureus antigenic determinants, as well as to S.pneumoniae protein somatic antigen, took place. Patients with HIV infection who had non-specific pulmonary diseases exhibited an increased level of antibodies to Branhamella catarrhalis complex ultrasonic antigen. In patients with HIV infection having an amount of CD4+ T-lymphocytes below 200/1 the level of antibodies to bacterial antigen was higher than in patients with an amount of CD4+ T-lymphocytes varying within 200-400/1. In addition, at all stages of HIV infection and in all kinds of its complications an increase in the titer of antibodies to N-acetylglycosoaminylmuramyl dipeptide, an antigenic determinant of peptidoglycan with immunostimulating and adjuvant activity.

[The clinico-immunological efficacy of the likopid treatment of chronic bronchitis patients]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskaia éffektivnost' lecheniia likopidom bol'nykh khronicheskim bronkhitom.

AIM: Elucidation of likopid effect on clinical and immunological pictures in patients with chronic bronchitis (CB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A trial of 52 CB patients in remission and exacerbation. 2 schemes of likopid treatment were used: 1 mg/day for 10 days (a course dose 10 mg); 10 mg/day for 6 days (a course dose 60 mg). Clinical and laboratory parameters, systemic immunity (measurement of lymphocyte subpopulations, levels of serum IgA, IgM and IgG, functional activity of peripheral blood phagocytes). RESULTS: The 10 mg and 60 mg courses of likopid produced prolongation of remission to 5-6 months in 66% of CB patients in exacerbation and in 80% of patients in remission, respectively. 10 mg of likopid in exacerbation and 60 mg in remission promoted normalization of functional activity of blood phagocytes. CONCLUSION: Likopid administration for CB in a 10 mg course dose in exacerbation and 60 mg course in remission prolongs CB remission to 5-6 months and promoted normalization of phagocytic functional activity.

[A competitive analysis of the specificity of natural antibodies to the epitope of the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan: the glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide possessing adjuvant activity]. / Konkurentnyi analiz spetsifichnosti estestvennykh antitel k épitopu peptidoglikana kletochnoi stenki bakterii: gliukozaminilmuramil dipetidu, obladaiushchemu ad''iuvantnoi

Natural antibodies to glucosaminyl dipeptide (GMDP), a component of bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan, isolated from the serum of normal donors by thermal extraction, are capable of cross reaction with the determinant of the glycan chain: tetrasaccharide consisting of N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid. The intensity of the interaction of natural anti-GMDP antibodies with a specific ligand is considerably higher than with tetrasaccharide. Natural antibodies to tetrasaccharide possess the properties of heterologous antibodies, i.e. the intensity of their interaction with a specific ligand (GMDP) is considerably higher than with a homologous ligand. Suggestion is made that GMDP is the specific antigenic determinant of peptidoglycan to which antibodies are formed in process of natural immunization. These antibodies react with different intensity with homologous (GMDP) and related (tetrasaccharide) haptens.

The Study of Serum Level and Immunochemical Properties of Natural Antibodies to N-Acetylglucosaminyl-N-Acetylmurarnyl Dipeptide in Healthy Donors.

ELISA assay showed that sera from each of 729 healthy donors contained antibodies to the minimal component of bacterial cell walls, N-acetylglucosaminyl-N-acetylmuramyt dipeptide (GMDP). Anti-GMDP antibody levels were determined for 686 sera, which were classified into 3 groups: high- (17.6%), medium- (68.7%) and low-responder (13.7%). Inhibition analysis performed on representative sera showed that a proportion contained specific anti-GMDP antibodies reacting only with GMDP (i.e., GMDP interaction with anti-GMDP antibodies was inhibited by GMDP only) whereas the remaining sera reacted both with GMDP and with tetrasaccharide (GlcNAc-MurNAc)(2) (i.e., GMDP interaction with anti-GMDP antibodies in the latter sera was inhibited by both GMDP and tetrasaccharide). Inhibition analysis indicated, moreover, that the anti-GMDP antibodies contained in high-responder sera had higher affinity than those present in low-responder ones: GMDP inhibited the GMDP + anti-GMDP antibody interaction by 88.7% in the former sera vs. 53% in the latter. Sera contained both IgM and IgG antibodies to GMDP, but the mean level of anti-GMDP IgG antibodies in the high-responder sera was 30 times higher than in the low-responder ones.

The occurrence of natural antibodies to minimal component of bacterial cell wall (N-acetylglucosaminyl-N-acetylmuramyl dipeptide) in sera from healthy humans.

ELISA assay showed that sera from each of 729 healthy donors contained antibodies to the minimal component of bacterial cell walls, N-acetylglucosaminyl-N-acetylmuramyl dipeptide (GMDP). Anti-GMDP antibody levels were determined for 686 sera which were classified into 3 groups: high (17.6%), medium (68.7%), and low responder (13.7%). Inhibition analysis performed on representative sera showed that a proportion contained specific anti-GMDP antibodies reacting only with GMDP (i.e., GMDP interaction with anti-GMDP antibodies was inhibited by GMDP only) whereas the remaining sera reacted both with GMDP and with the tetrasaccharide (GlcNAc-MurNAc)2 (i.e., GMDP interaction with anti-GMDP antibodies in the latter sera was inhibited by both GMDP and the tetrasaccharide). Inhibition analysis indicated, moreover, that the anti-GMDP antibodies contained in high-responder sera had higher affinity than those present in low-responder ones: GMDP inhibited the GMDP + anti-GMDP antibody interaction by 88.7% in the former sera vs. 53% in the latter. Sera contained both IgM and IgG antibodies to GDMP, but the mean level of anti-GMDP IgG antibodies in the high-responder sera was 30 times higher than in the low-responder ones.

[The clinico-immunological evaluation of the ribomunyl treatment of chronic bronchitis patients]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskaia otsenka lecheniia ribomunilom bol'nykh khronicheskim bronkhitom.

The paper reports the results of ribomunil trial in chronic bronchitis (CB) patients who suffered from frequent exacerbations. The drug was found to act primarily on a phagocytic component of the immunity and local immunity of the respiratory mucosa. Because of its vaccine-like effect, ribomunil administration is most beneficial in CB remission. Ribomunil treatment results in reduction of the number and duration of CB exacerbations, of the scope of antibacterial therapy.

[Phagocytic link of immunity in patients surgically treated for chronic calculous cholecystitis]. / Fagotsitarnoe zveno immuniteta u operirovannykh po povodu khronicheskogo kal'kuleznogo kholetsistita.

Twenty-two females, 38 to 75 years of age, who underwent planned operation for chronic uncomplicated calculous cholecystitis were examined in the pre- and postoperative period. Postoperative pneumonia developed in 4 (13.4%) patients, no other complications occurred. Functional neutrophil activity was studied according to the following parameters: spontaneous and induced NBT test, myeloperoxidase activity, amount of cationic proteins, expression of Fc receptors, spontaneous and induced luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, neutrophil bactericidal action against H-thymidine-labelled Staphylococcus aureus (strain 209), amount of blood immunoglobulins, and the modulating effect of serum of patients on the chemiluminescence of neutrophils of healthy donors. The control group consisted of 35 volunteers whose ages ranged from 18 to 50 years. Basic differences were revealed between the indices of neutrophil activity in patients with an uneventful postoperative period and those of patients with infectious complications in the preoperative period which became much graver in the early postoperative period. This suggests that neutrophilic dysfunctions play a significant role in the development of postoperative infectious complications in this category of patients.

[The immunological prognosis of complications in patients undergoing reconstructive operations after the radiation therapy of malignant tumors of the maxillofacial area and neck]. / Immunologicheskoe prognozirovanie oslozhnenii u bol'nykh posle luchevoi terapii zlokachestvennykh opukholei cheliustno-litsevoi oblasti i shei pri provedenii rekonstruktivnykh operatsii.

Immunologic studies were carried out in 55 patients with local malignant processes in the maxillofacial area and neck before and after surgery. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (N = 20) received no specific therapy before surgery, group 2 (n = 35) were administered radiotherapy in a total focal dose of 56-65 Gy before the operation. The findings evidence that radiotherapy augments B and T system immunodeficiency manifestations after surgical stress. Postoperative complications in the patients administered radiotherapy before surgery are due to not only immunodeficiency, but to the initial presence of an infective agent as well. Immunocorrective therapy before and after surgery may be recommended to patients whose immunity parameters are shifted.

[Basic cellular indices of immunity in patients with various pain syndromes of the face and head]. / Osnovnye pokazateli kletochnogo immuniteta u bol'nykh s razlichnymi bolevymi sindromami v oblasti litsa i golovy.

Studies of the major cell-mediated immunity parameters in patients with painful syndromes involving the face and neck have shown a reduction of the peripheral lymphocyte count.

[Features of regional peripheral hemodynamics in radicular syndromes of the sacro-lumbar region]. / Osobennosti regionarnoi perifericheskoi gemodinamiki pri koreshkovykh sindromakh poiasnichno-kresttsovogo urovnia.

Different causes leading to lesions of the peripheral nerve trunk result in instability of the state of regional hemodynamics values. Vegetative-vascular disorders determining the characteristic aspects of the peripheral hemodynamics may result in the development of intratruncal edematous compression of the nerve trunks.

[A method of rapid cytodiagnosis of cytomegalic virus infections in pregnant women]. / Metod tsitologicheskoi ékspress-diagnostiki tsitomegalovirusnoi infektsii u beremennykh.

A cytologic method for rapid detection of specific cytomegaloviral cells (CMC) in cervicovaginal secretion is suggested. This method is more effective than similar CMC detection in salivary and urinary sediments by 1.5 and 3.4 times, respectively. Detection of CMC in the cervicovaginal secretion and not in the salivary or urinary sediments considerably improves the informative value of the method, since it permits a more accurate estimation of the risk of fetal viral infection.

[Immunologic aspects of migraine headaches and autonomic prosopalgias]. / Immunologicheskie aspekty pri migrenoznykh tsefalgiiakh i vegetativnykh prozopalgiiakh.

The paper presents the results of an immunological screening of patients with facial vegetative neuralgia, Horton's syndrome, and migraines prior to and following therapy. The patients with migraines were found to have an activated local humoral immunity. Those from all the groups showed lower serum immunoglobulin A concentrations after therapeutic interventions.

[Immunological aspects of trigeminal neuralgia]. / Immunologicheskie aspekty nevralgii troinichnogo nerva.

Immunological investigation was performed in patients with trigeminal neuralgies and painful myofascial temporomandibular joint dysfunction before and after treatment. The data suggest a connection between the state of humoral immunity and the peculiarities of pain syndrome in trigeminal neuralgia and clinically related prosopalgies that was most probably due to different mechanisms of realization of pain syndrome.

[Local and general humoral immunity in patients with migraine, Horton's syndrome and autonomic pain]. / Opredelenie mestnogo i obshchego gumoral'nogo immuniteta u bol'nykh s migreniami, sindrom Khortona i vegetalgiiami.

Patients with migraines, Horton syndrome and autonomic pains were subjected to immunological investigation that revealed different degrees of local and general immunity disorders: increase in blood serum IfA and salival IgAc concentrations. These changes are believed to be capable of serving as diagnostic and prognostic indices.