[Branhamella catarrhalis respiratory tract infections]. / Infekcije respiracionog trakta Branhamellom catarrhalis.

Forty-six hospitalised patients with respiratory tract infections (RTI) in whom Branhamella catarrhalis had been isolated were evaluated. On average they were 70 years old, there were 39 males and 7 females, 89% of them were smokers. In 85% Branhamella catarrhalis caused exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and in 15% the pneumonia. Most cases of this infection were detected in December and January. In vitro 78% of strains formed beta lactamasis. All 46 isolations were sensitive to cyprofloxacin, 43 (93%) to the combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, 41% (89.1%) to erithromycin, 44 (95.6%) to gentamycin and only 26 (56.5%) to trimetoprim-sulphametoxasol. In the therapy amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, macrolids and kinolons were successful while trimetroprim-sulphametoxasol was less effective.

[Comparison of amoxicillin and amoxiclav in the therapy of respiratory infections]. / Uporedenje amoksicilina i amoksiklava u terapiji respiracionih infekcija (RI).

Randomly hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infections admitted to three pulmonary departments of the Golnik Institute for Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis were enrolled in an open, comparative clinical study of Amoksiklav and Amoxicillin. A group of 26 patients with a mean age of 64.5 years presenting with pneumonia (13), exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (12) and bronchiectasis (1) were given Amoskilav, while another 20 patients with a mean age of 61.4 years presenting with pneumonia (9), exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (5), bronchiectasis (5) and sinusitis (1) received Amoxicillin. The efficacy of treatment was assessed by bacteriological findings of respiratory tract specimens, sputum and blood leucocytosis, macroscopic purulence of sputum and the presence of fever. The bacteriological findings are shown in detail. Leucocytosis and macroscopic purulence of sputum significantly improved on Amoksiklav therapy (p less than 0.05) while with Amoxicillin there was no significant improvement. With respect to the presence of fever, there was no significant difference between Amoksiklav and Amoxicillin. The overall clinical and bacteriological response was very good and good in 88.5% of patients treated with Amoksiklav compared to 75% of those receiving Amoxicillin. Additionally, 1000 pathogenic strains were tested for their response to Amoksiklav and Amoxicillin. Amoksiklav proved superior against strains of Branhamella catarrhalis, E. coli, coagulase-negative staphylococci and K. pneumoniae (p less than 0.01).

[Comparison of in vitro activity of ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin against strains isolated from clinical material]. / Uporedna in vitro aktivnost ciprofloksacina i pefloksacina prema sojevima izolovanim iz klinickog materijala.

The susceptibility of 392 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical material of hospitalized patients in Institute for Chest Diseases Golnik were studied. 100 strains of Escherichia coli, 56 strains of Enterobacter spp., 40 strains of Proteus mirabilis, 50 strains of Gram negative nonfermentative bacteria, 46 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 100 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were tested. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin were determined by agar dilution test. The susceptibility of tested strains is greater to ciprofloxacin, except susceptibility of strains of Staphylococcus aureus, which is greater to pefloxacin. Strains of nonfermentative bacteria have lower susceptibility to both quinolones.