Influenza vaccination: pros and cons? Views of general practitioners and the general population / Influenza elleni védooltás: mi szól mellette és ellene? Háziorvosok és a lakosság nézetei

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A magyar felnott lakosság heterogén attitudje folytán az influenza elleni átoltottság elmarad az nemzetközi ajánlásoktól. A háziorvosok meggyozo potenciálja jelentos, ezért fontos szerepük van a felnott lakosság oltással kapcsolatos döntéseinek befolyásolásában. Célkituzés: Az influenza elleni oltásra vonatkozó támogató és akadályozó tényezok azonosítása felnott háziorvosok és a teljes lakosság és körében. Módszer: 1000 fo, a teljes felnott lakosságra reprezentatív alany, valamint 317 fo, felnott- és vegyes praxisban dolgozó háziorvosokra reprezentatív orvos megkérdezése önkitöltos online kérdoív segítségével. Eredmények: Az influenza elleni oltás lehetosége 93%-ban ismert a lakosság számára, 30% a leginkább a háziorvos tanácsát követné ebben a kérdésben. A háziorvosok jelentosen túlbecsülik az ellátott lakosság átoltottságát. Az oltást nem tervezok leggyakoribb indokai: nem tartják veszélyesnek az influenzát, bíznak a saját immunrendszerükben, tartanak az oltás mellékhatásaitól. Megbeszélés: Elenyészo az influenza elleni oltás lehetoségét mereven elutasítók aránya. A többség relatív indokok alapján tartja kevésbé fontosnak ezt a lehetoséget. A háziorvos hiteles szereplo a lakosság jelentos része számára. Következtetés: A háziorvos szerepe kulcsfontosságú a lakosság átoltottságának növelésében. Orv Hetil. 2021; 163(6): 222-228. INTRODUCTION: Compared to the international guidelines, the flu vaccination rate of the Hungarian adult population is not satisfactory due to its heterogeneous attitude towards vaccination. Based on previous results, the convincing potential of general practitioners seems to be significant, therefore they have an important role when influencing people's decision-making concerning this topic. OBJECTIVE: To identify drivers and barriers to flu vaccination among general practitioners and the whole population. METHOD: Adult subjects representing the whole general population (n = 1000), and a representative sample of general practitioners (n = 317) surveyed through online self-completed questionnaires. RESULTS: 93% of the adult population is aware of influenza vaccine's existence. 30% prefer to follow the general practitioner's advice on this topic. General practitioners significantly over-estimate the vaccination coverage of the population they serve. The most common reasons for not getting vaccinated against flu: not considering the influenza dangerous, trusting their own immune system, and being afraid of the side effects of the vaccine. CONCLUSION: The rate of hard refusal of influenza vaccination is negligible. The vast majority of the population consider this option less important for relative reasons. The general practitioner is an authentic actor for a large part of the population. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(6): 222-228.

[Vaccine hesitancy among primary healthcare professionals in Hungary]. / Védooltásokkal kapcsolatos kételyek és elkötelezettség a magyarországi egészségügyi alapellátásban dolgozók körében.

Introduction: The attitude to immunization and the issue of vaccine hesitancy in health care workers (HCWs) have been studied in a former survey performed by ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control). Aim: Our aim was to study the immunization attitude of primary care paediatricians, general practitioners and primary care nurses in Hungary. Method: We studied vaccine hesitancy in HCWs by way of a questionnaire, developed on the basis of a recent similar survey by ECDC in four countries. The online survey has been performed between May and July 2017. Altogether 765 questionnaires have been returned: 189 primary care paediatricians, 375 general practitioners working in adult or mixed practices, and 201 primary care nurses. The sample has been weighted to the country-specific features - e.g., location of the practice, residence and age of the HCWs - within each of the three groups, so from this aspect it can be considered representative. Results: Our results did not differ substantially from the international ECDC data. Approximately 2/3 of the primary care doctors and about 50% of the primary care nurses were convinced of the benefit and value of vaccines. Data on vaccine hesitancy were consolingly low, though the data on recommended vaccines were somewhat higher compared to the age related/NIP (National Immunization Plan) vaccines. The well-known vaccine scares - e.g., autism-MMR, etc., known also from the literature - could hardly been detected, and it can be explained by the voluntary participation in the study. The least supported vaccine is BCG, while the highest hesitancy rates are related to MMR in Hungary. Conclusion: The need to improve immunization-related communication among primary HCWs could clearly been detected - both in gradual and in post-gradual training programs. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(48): 1904-1914.

[Patient Journey in Schizophrenia - Lessons of a Hungarian Survey].

The disorder-related experiences of schizophrenic patients are an important basis for personalized treatment. This illness experience is now described with the concept of patient journey. The patient journey shows how the symptoms and treatment interfere with the patient's personal existence and how they affect the optimal functionality. The purpose of our research was to map the patient journey in Hungary, among patients with schizophrenia, in particular how they represent their illness, what kind of met and unmet needs they have in relation to living with the disorder or their treatment. 155 patients living with schizophrenia participated in the study. The survey was conducted through self-completed questionnaires covering the following topics: first encounter with the disorder, life with the disorder, treatment expectations, experiences, support and needs. The first encounter of the patients with the disease was predominantly traumatizing, and the refusal of the diagnosis was characteristic. The inappropriate information on the disorder and the treatment might have been also responsible for this negative perception. Nevertheless, patients were expecting the information primarily from the treatment staff. The decisive majority expects from treatment the possibility of a normal life, the maintenance of stability, and according to every second patient well-being is also a basic requirement. Three-quarters of the patients think that effective medication and treatment staff are the greatest help in relation to the disorder. A significant proportion of the patients formulated the need for psychic and family support, and the need for social relations. Patients with schizophrenia have significant difficulties with financial problems, medication side effects, and stigma. Our results confirm that the subjective perception of patient journey of patients with schizophrenia is significantly determined by the met and unmet needs. The results also emphasize the importance of adequate information transfer and the therapeutic relationship.

[The practical measurement of health literacy in Hungary and in international comparison]. / Az egészségértés gyakorlati mérése Magyarországon és nemzetközi összehasonlításban.

INTRODUCTION: The study presents results of an innovative measurement of practical health literacy in international context. AIM: To show the level of practical health literacy in the Hungarian society and in international comparison. METHOD: We measured practical health literacy with Newest Vital Sign test on a Hungarian national representative sample, asked from 1008 persons, between May and June, 2015 from population 16 years or older, using methodological standards of Eurobarometer. The sample is representative to the above mentioned population by gender, age, region and settlement-size. RESULTS: Based on Newest Vital Sign test, members of the Hungarian society have good practical health literacy. The accomplishment is inconsistent with self-reported health literacy, since it shows weak results. CONCLUSIONS: As low level of self-reported health literacy implies that respondents don't have daily routine in practicing their skills, we could draw people's attention to food-information, that are important and show, how to utilize them. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(50), 2002-2006.