[EFFECTS OF URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID IN STANDART INTERFERONTHERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C AND B].

With the purpose to estimate the efficiency of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in standard antiviral therapy (SAT) of chronic hepatitis C or/and B 580 patients with the chronic virus hepatitis enrolled in this study. During 48 weeks patients with hepatitis B and B+D received peg-interferon, and patients with C and B+C hepatitis received combined peg-interferon and ribavirin. 1st group of 300 patients (B--130, C--96, B+C--73, B+D--10; 190 men, 110 women, middle age of 32.9 ± 10.1 years) additionally took UDCA not less than 6 months. The 2nd group of 280 patients (B--133, C--98, D+C--26, B+D--14; 172 men, 108 women, middle age of 35.9 ± 7.5 years) took only SAT. ALT, AST, bilirubin, γ-glutamiltranspeptidase, alkaline phosphatase levels, and blood analysis were evaluated. Due to UDCA normalization of the raised ALT and AST levels was observed by 6th week of SAT in 50 patients (from 80 patients with initially raised ALT and AST) of 1st group. ALT and AST levels reached norm in 1st group by 12th week whereas in 60 (21.4%) patients of 2nd group ALT, AST remained raised. Cholestasis remained at 30% of patients in the 1st group by the beginning of SAT and in 35.7% of patients in the 2nd. By 12th week cholestasis was observed only at 3.3% of patients of 1st group (32.1%--in the 2nd group). By 24th week the raised level of bilirubin remained in 7.1 % of patients in the 2nd group whereas in 1st group cholestasis was only at 1 patient. Decrease of hemoglobin level by 12th week of treatment within 110-100 g/l was observed at 10% of patients in 1 group, at 17.9%--in the 2nd. By 24th week anemia was observed only in 2nd group (1st group--0%; 2nd group--14.3%). Decrease in platelets level in the first 2 months of treatment was in both groups, but normalization of their quantity went earlier in 1st group. By 12th week of treatment level of platelets in all patients receiving UDCA was higher than 120,000/ml (3.6%--in the 2nd group). UDCA within SAT of hepatitis B and C allowed to reach the biochemical answer (ALT and AST level normalization) in earlier terms, and to better control of cholestasis. In UDCA group were less frequency of hematologic side effects of peginterferon and peginterferon+ribavirin.

[Ciprofloxacin in the treatment of patients with brucellosis]. / Opyt primeneniia tsiprofloksatsina dlia lecheniia bol'nykh brutselezom.

With the aim to estimate the clinical and immunological efficiency of the ciprofloxacin (cifloxinal) 105 patients with acute (51), subacute (19) and chronic (35) brucellosis were studied. Control group (17 patients with acute and 30 patients with chronic brucellosis) have been treated with combination of two antibiotics: doxycycline and rifampicin. Ciprofloxacin in a dose 500 mg bid within 14 days in acute stage and 20 days in chronic stage of disease essentially reduced duration of local inflammatory processes of brucellosis with simultaneous treatment of the chronic infection focus, provides good proximate and distant outcomes of treatment. Ciprofloxacin can be considered as an alternative drug for the treatment of brucellosis, more effective (clinically and immunologically) than a combination of two antibiotics: doxycycline and rifampicin.

[Pefloxacin mesylate--clinical effectiveness in various forms of infectious-inflammatory diseases]. / Pefloksatsina mezilat--klinicheskaia éffektivnost' pri formakh infektsionno-vospalitel'nykh zabolevanii.

Pefloxacin mesylate is a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone active against pathogens with multiple resistance. Due to its high therapeutic efficacy (at last 90 per cent) and good tolerance pefloxacin mesylate is considered as the most promising drug in the therapy of severe infections and infections difficult for the treatment such as wound infection, meningitis and particularly perilous infections. Prolonged pharmacokinetics and high bioavailability of the drug provided its administration in the treatment of in- and outpatients with severe infection twice a day in a daily dose of 0.8 to 1.2 g. Pefloxacin proved to be a drug of choice in the treatment of infection due to intracellular pathogens.

[Efficacy of pefloxacin in the treatment of complicated relapsing erysipelas]. / 'Effektivnost' pefloksatsina pri oslozhnennom techenii retsidiviruiushchel rozhi.

The effect of antimicrobial agents on the clinical and immunological indices was comparatively studied in 30 patients with relapsing erysipelas complicated by pyoderma. The patients were treated with pefloxacin in a daily dose of 800 mg for 7-10 days (15 patients) and with the routine antibiotics such as benzylpenicillin, ampicillin and erythromycin (15 patients). The efficacy of the treatment was defined by disappearance of the clinical signs and normalization of the functional immunity status. The pefloxacin effect was evident at early stages of the treatment and observed at least for 3 months after the patient discharge from the hospital. Gradual elimination of the secondary immune deficiency in the convalescents due to sanitation of the infection chronic foci was recorded.

[Effectiveness of pefloxacin in brucellosis]. / Effektivnost' pefloksatsina pri brutselleze.

The clinical efficacy of pefloxacin in the treatment of 51 and 19 patients with acute and subacute brucellosis respectively was studied. It was shown that in a dose of 400 mg twice a day for 15 days pefloxacin provided a rapid regression of the brucellosis clinical signs. By the efficacy it was not inferior to the combination of doxycycline and rifampicin used in the routine doses. Pefloxacin had no toxic action on the function of the liver, kidneys and hematopoietic system. The side effects were minimal. Pefloxacin did not suppress the immunity. By decreasing the activity of the brucellosis process it promoted normalization of the immunological indices.

[Specific IgE antibodies in brucellosis]. / Spetsificheskie IgE-antitela pri brutsellëze.

Specific IgE antibodies and sensitization were assessed in patients with brucellosis in various forms. IgE antibodies were determined with enzyme immunoassay which demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity with conjugate against IgE antibodies in 509 serum samples. Specific IgE antibodies were present in most patients with acute, subacute or chronic brucellosis. Their synthesis seems to be a normal component of humoral immunity in response to brucellosis agent invasion. Allergy in brucellosis seems to arise without participation of the IgE antibodies as there is no correlation between the antibodies levels, the response to Burnet's allergic test and specific leukocytolysis activity.

[Liquid brucellar allergen in the combined treatment of brucellosis patients]. / Allergen brutselleznyi zhidkii v kompleksnom lechenii bol'nykh brutsellezom.

The efficacy of liquid brucellar allergen (LBA) was studied in 227 brucellosis patients with active infectious process and marked DTH, in need of a pathogenetically based decrease of specific infectious allergic background. The reference group was made up of 140 brucellosis patients given only basic therapy (antibiotics, antiinflammatory and symptomatic agents). The administration of LBA, whose active principle is a polysaccharide and protein complex, reduced high sensitivity to brucellar antigen and raised the functional activity of neutrophilic granulocytes and T-lymphocytes, improved the late results of the treatment of patients with brucellosis running its course with pronounced sensitization.

[Increasing the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy by correcting immunologic disorders with vitamin A in patients with brucellosis]. / Povyshenie éffektivnosti antibiotikoterapii bol'nykh brotsellezom putem korrektsii narushenii immuniteta vitaminom A.

Experimental studies and clinical trials were performed on possible increase of antibiotic therapy efficacy in brucellosis patients by correction of the immunity disorders with vitamin A. It was experimentally shown that vitamin A increased cellular immunity and accelerated sanation of guinea pigs sensitized with Brucella abortus 19 BA. The clinical trials demonstrated that the use of vitamin A in a dose of 33,000 IU thrice a day for 10 to 12 days during the complex treatment of patients with acute (36 persons) and subacute (57 persons) brucellosis lowered the average period of manifestation of the disease clinical signs and formation of the antibodies, increased the skin allergic sensitivity, the lymphocyte blast cell transformation, the total number and subpopulations of the active T-cells, theophylline-resistant lymphocytes, phagocytic and metabolic activity of neutrophils, showed 1.5- and 2-fold increased in the frequency of the infection transformation into a chronic process in patients with acute or subacute brucellosis, respectively.

[Specific immunoglobulins of different classes in brucellosis in human beings]. / Spetsificheskie immunoglobuliny raznykh klassov pri brutselleze u liudei.

The paper is concerned with the results of studying the level of specific IgG, IgA and IgM in people with different forms of brucellosis. Immunoglobulins belonging to different classes were identified by means of IEA. Examination of 514 patients with different forms of brucellosis and 122 controls demonstrated the high specificity and sensitivity of IEA for detecting antibodies of different physiochemical nature. The use of IEA made it possible to establish definite regularities of the synthesis of specific IgG, IgA, IgM in people with brucellosis, which can be used for assessing the activity of the infectious process.

[Comparative study of the diagnostic value of Brucella allergens in a controlled epidemiological trial]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie diagnosticheskoi tsennosti brutselleznykh allergenov v kontroliruemom épidemiologicheskon opyte.

The diagnostic value of 4 brucellar allergens used in Burnet's test has been studied in a controlled epidemiological trial. All these preparations have proved to be specific. According to the data of complex evaluation (taking into account reactogenicity, sensitivity, and specificity), the intradermal allergen consisting of the polysaccharide/protein complex extracted from acetone-dried cells of Brucella abortus vaccine strain 19 BA has shown the highest diagnostic effectiveness both in brucellosis patients and in persons immunized against brucellosis.