[Radiologic diagnosis of Payr disease in children]. / Rentgenodiagnostika bolezni Paira u detei.

The experience with diagnosis of Payr disease in 119 children with the use of a roentgenologic method, in particular, irrigoscopy was summarized. Falling of the right colic flexure with formation of abrupt kinks of the transverse colon, and retention of contrast substance in the right portion of the large intestine are the main roentgenologic signs of the Payr disease.

[Immune shifts and their correction in the extremely severe course of diffuse suppurative peritonitis in children]. / Immunnye sdvigi i ikh korrektsiia pri kraine tiazhelom techenii razlichnogo gnoinogo peritonita u detei.

Clinical and immunological studies of 65 patients with extremely severe disseminated suppurative peritonitis have revealed profound disturbances in their immune status. A considerable (2.5-3-fold) decrease in phagocytosis and complement activity, a drastic drop in T-, B-lymphocyte and T-helper content and a depression in T-lymphocyte functional activity have been observed. All this was accompanied by the activation of allergic and autoimmune reactions. Single transfusion of extracorporally X-ray-irradiated autoblood (5-7% of circulating blood volume) promoted an earlier normalization of the patients' critical condition and a prompt correction of the immune shifts.

[Hygromas of the wrist joint in children]. / Gigromy luchezapiastnogo sustava u detei.

The authors discuss their experience in the treatment of 45 children with hygromas of the wrist joint. Morphological and radiological studies confirmed the conception of the pathogenesis of hygromas which is based on that a hygroma is a transformed synovial capsule of the joint and the communication between them functions along the type of a valve. Problems of terminology and therapeutic tactics are discussed. The specific features of the operation and the results of treatment are described. The percentage of recurrences reduced from 15.4 to 7.7%.

[Tumors and cystic formations in the chest cavity of children]. / Opukholi i kistoznye obrazovaniia v grudnoi polosti u detei.

During 13 years 91 children with sizable formations of the lungs and mediastinum aged from 3 months up to 15 years were treated in the clinic. The rationally selected volume of clinical examinations facilitated differential diagnosis in the preoperative period and excluded diseases simulating sizable processes (intrathoracic dystopia of the kidney, malformations of the vessels etc.). An incomplete examination of such patients might result in diagnostic errors followed by unjustified operative interventions.

[Correction of postoperative complications of water-electrolyte balance in children with acute pathology of the abdominal organs]. / Korrektsiia posleoperatsionnykh narushenii vodno-elektrolitnogo obmena u detei s ostroi patologiei organov briushnoi polosti.

In children with acute surgical pathology of the abdominal organs in intraintestinal administration of saline solutions, the normalization of the indices of homeostasis and restoration of motor activity of the intestine after the operation were more rapid than in use of parenteral treatment.

[Abdominal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children]. / Nekhodzhkinskie limfomy abdominal'noi lokalizatsii u detei.

Study of the clinical manifestations and the results of treatment of abdominal lymphomas in 58 children showed that the poor results of therapy were due first of all to the high proportion (67.2%) of generalized forms by the time of their detection. Among the patients who were under observation, the 3-5-year survival was 41.3%. Late recognition of the disease was linked with the absence of proper oncological alertness among the physicians. Profound preventive examinations with the wide use of modern diagnostic techniques will be conducive to an early diagnosis of this pathological condition and improvement of the results of treatment.

[Sex determination in intersexuality in children]. / Opredelenie pola pri interseksualizme u detei.

The authors performed the treatment of 124 patients with various patterns of androgyny: 51 with false female and 64 with false male hermaphroditism, and 9 patients with true hermaphroditism. Karyotyping of 31 studied patients revealed karyotype 46XY in 13 persons, mosaic type 45X0/46XY in 2 persons with false male hermaphroditism. In patients with false female hermaphroditism karyotype 46XX was identified in 12 persons. In patients with true hermaphroditism karyotype 46XX was identified in 2 subjects and 47XYY in 1 examinee. The authors supposed the term "gonadal" sex to be a determinant for the identification of the sex status in persons with various patterns of androgyny as it could define a "gamete" and "hormonal" sex. The key problem of androgyny is the detection of true causes of various sexual abnormalities and the technique of their prevention. A true "gonadal" sex should be identified during the first month of a child's life. It would permit one to start timely cortisone treatment for adrenopathic false female hermaphroditism an adequate registration of a child: proper name (documented sex), timely examination of its internal genitalia (removal of those sexual organs that contradict to the sex chosen) and planning the further scope and terms of necessary plastic surgery as well as alleviating severe emotional and psychic traumas of a child's parents.

[Various clinico-immunologic and biochemical indicators in infants with suppurative septic diseases]. / Nekotorye kliniko-immunologicheskie i biokhimicheskie pokazateli pri gnoino-septicheskikh zabolevaniiakh u detei rannego grudnogo vozrasta.

The authors provide the results of studying some characteristics of immunity and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in babies (n-123) with pyoseptic diseases. The changes in the immune status and LPO seen in children with pyoseptic diseases reflect the gravity of the clinical status, being an objective criterion in the all-round assessment of the treatment efficacy and prediction of the pathological process. These changes also form the basis for institution of the pathogenetic correction and rehabilitation therapy.

[Characteristics of clinical manifestations of the developmental defects of the ureters in children]. / Osobennosti klinicheskikh proiavlenii porokov razvitiia mochetochnikov u detei.

Analysis of the clinical manifestations of the obstruction of the pelviureteral segment, of the vesicoureteral reflux, reflux and obstructive megaureter, ureterocele and ectopia of the ostium ureteris in 423 children has demonstrated that the clinical symptomatology of the abnormalities depends to a great measure on the degree of urodynamic disorders. The developmental abnormalities that provoke the obstruction of the initial part of the ureter manifest themselves primarily by the painful syndrome. Provided the urodynamics is disturbed in the inferior parts of the ureter, urination disorders become first and foremost.

[Gynecomastia in children]. / Ginekomastiia u detei.

The experience with treatment of 34 children with gynecomastia is summarized. The examination included roentgenography of the Turkish saddle, definition of bone age, investigation of buccal sex chromatin, excretion of 17-ketosteroids, excretory urography against the background of retropneumoperitoneum, ultrasound investigation of the mammary glands. In juvenile gynecomastia, the mammary glands were removed, the expectant tactic being considered unwarranted. The long-term results of the surgical treatment are good.

[Clinico-immunological indices, lipid peroxidation and contents of middle mass molecules in young children with different course of suppurative diseases of the lungs and pleura]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskie pokazateli, perekisnoe okislenie lipidov i soderzhanie molekul srednei massy u detei rannego vozrasta s razlichnym techeniem gnoinykh zabolevanii legkikh i plevry.

The results of examination of 83 children with purulent diseases of the lungs and pleura at the age under 6 yrs are presented. The indices of activity of the immunity, intensity of the processes of peroxide oxidation of the lipids, and level of the middle mass molecules were studied. The correlative relationship between them depending on the severity of the course of the disease was revealed.

[Regeneration of splenic tissue after splenectomy]. / Regeneratsiia selezenochnoi tkani posle splenektomii.

From analysis of experience in 284 splenectomies undertaken for various indications, in cases with accessory spleens and the formation of splenoids, and the results of heterotopic autotransplantation of splenic tissue, the authors concluded that the latter possesses high regenerative properties. The possibility of hematogenous spreading of pulp cells with subsequent formation of accessory spleens cannot be excluded, in view of which scrupulous care is needed in relation to operative techniques in performing splenectomy for hematological indications.

[Autotransplantation of splenic tissue after splenectomy in splenic injury in children]. / Autotransplantatsiia selezenochnoi tkani pri splenéktomii po povodu travmy selezenki u detei.

Long-term results and indices of immune reactivity in 30 patients who had splenectomy performed in childhood for trauma of the spleen were studied. The organ-preserving approach for this pathology is substantiated. Autotransplantation of the spleen pulp into the pocket formed from the greater omentum was performed in 5 children during splenectomy for trauma of the organ. An original device was used for better preparing the autotransplant. The postoperative period was without complications. The laboratory, sonographic and scintigraphic examinations have shown high functional activity of the transplanted spleen tissue.

[Hygroma of the popliteal region in children]. / Gigroma podkolennoi oblasti u detei.

The authors describe their experience in diagnosis and treatment of 267 children with hygroma of the infragenual region. The nature of the disease is still not clear with various factors such as injuries and inflammatory diseases affecting its development. Hygromas are treated surgically, recurrences occur in 8.8% of the cases. The causes of the recurrences are investigated and an operation in recurrent hygromas is proposed.