RESUMO
Slob, a novel protein that binds to the carboxy-terminal domain of the Drosophila Slowpoke (dSlo) calcium-dependent potassium channel, was identified with a yeast two-hybrid screen. Slob and dSlo coimmunoprecipitate from Drosophila heads and heterologous host cells, suggesting that they interact in vivo. Slob also coimmunoprecipitates with the Drosophila EAG potassium channel but not with Drosophila Shaker, mouse Slowpoke, or rat Kv1.3. Confocal fluorescence microscopy demonstrates that Slob and dSlo redistribute in cotransfected cells and are colocalized in large intracellular structures. Direct application of Slob to the cytoplasmic face of detached membrane patches containing dSlo channels leads to an increase in channel activity. Slob may represent a new class of multi-functional channel-binding proteins.
Assuntos
Cálcio/fisiologia , Proteínas de Drosophila , Drosophila/genética , Canais de Potássio Cálcio-Ativados , Canais de Potássio/genética , Canais de Potássio/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Células Cultivadas , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Eletrofisiologia , Humanos , Rim/citologia , Subunidades alfa do Canal de Potássio Ativado por Cálcio de Condutância Alta , Canais de Potássio Ativados por Cálcio de Condutância Alta , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Canais de Potássio/imunologia , Testes de Precipitina , Ligação Proteica/fisiologia , CoelhosRESUMO
A variety of recent investigations have implicated granzymes A and/or B in the target cell nuclear injury which accompanies cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis. Since soluble antiproteases have had limited efficacy in inhibiting CTL-mediated lysis, we developed a method to couple aprotinin, a peptide inhibitor of serine proteases, to the surface of target cells. Aprotinin modified by N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate retained trypsin-inhibitory activity, and target cells modified with aprotinin had demonstrable cell surface trypsin-inhibitory activity. Flow cytometry demonstrated that aprotinin was detectable on the target cell surface but underwent modulation at a rather rapid rate. When radiolabeled, aprotinin-coupled target cells were studied in 1-2 hr CTL assays, 51Cr release was little affected, but 125IUdR release was reduced up to 75% compared to controls. Corresponding apoptosis analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis and direct cytologic visualization was similarly reduced. Thus, aprotinin bound to the surface of target cells selectively protected target cells against CTL-mediated nuclear injury, and may serve as a model for the development of novel inhibitors of CTL-mediated lysis.
