The effects of online art therapy on ego functions, emotion regulation, and interpersonal relationship styles in neurotic personality organization.

Art therapy, as an effective therapeutic intervention, is used to improve positive self-image and self-awareness, promote insight, and enhance therapeutic communication. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of art psychotherapy on ego functions, emotion regulation, and interpersonal relationship styles of individuals with neurotic personality organization. Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design, 60 participants were assigned to intervention and control groups, each further divided into three subgroups (n = 10 per subgroup). The intervention group engaged in online art therapy sessions twice weekly over nine weeks, while the control group received no intervention. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, paired samples t-tests, and independent t-tests. There was a significant decrease in the intervention group's judgmental subdimensions of the Ego Function Assessment Scale. A significant decrease was found in the intervention group in "awareness" (p < 0.01), "clarity" (p < 0.05), and "impulse" (p < 0.001) subdimensions and total scores of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. There was no statistical difference between the intervention and control groups' mean pretests and posttests and comparing those groups with each other concerning IRSQ scores. The online group art therapy led to successful improvements in participants' ego functions and emotion regulations.

Factors affecting anxiety and depression during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study of three different populations.

Background: This paper was the first study comparing levels of anxiety and depression and assessing the affecting factors among the general population, frontline healthcare workers, and COVID-19 inpatients in Turkey during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. We collected data from the general population (n = 162), frontline healthcare workers (n = 131), and COVID-19 inpatients (n = 86) using Individual Characteristics Form, Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory in this cross-sectional study. Results: An increased prevalence of depression and anxiety were found predominantly in frontline healthcare workers (p < 0.001). COVID-19 inpatients and frontline healthcare workers were more likely to demonstrate anxiety (p < 0.001) than the general population. In the regression analysis, while fear of infecting relatives was a significant predictor of anxiety and depression in the general population, gender and experiencing important life events were associated with anxiety. Fear of infecting relatives and lack of personal protective equipment while providing care were predictors of anxiety and depression in healthcare workers (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the fear of being re-hospitalised due to re-infection was a predictor of depression and anxiety levels of the COVID-19 inpatients. Conclusion: Policymakers and mental health providers are advised to continuously monitor psychological outcomes and provide necessary health support during this pandemic.

Sleep Quality and Factors Affecting Sleep in Individuals With an Intestinal Ostomy: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Multiple factors affect the sleep quality of individuals with intestinal stomas. PURPOSE: This study sought to determine sleep quality and factors affecting sleep in individuals with intestinal ostomies. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. This study followed 68 individuals with intestinal stomas at the stoma therapy unit of a university hospital. A form was used to gather information about patient demographic and stoma-related data (age, sex, work status, stoma duration, cause and type of stoma, stoma care provider, sleep status during the day, daily coffee consumption, and stoma-related factors affecting sleep), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to score patient sleep patterns. Descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The patients' mean age was 53.7 ± 13.8 years; 51.5% were male, and 66.2% were married. Of the 68 patients, 41.2% had a diagnosis of rectal cancer, and 55.9% had ileostomies. Mean stoma duration was 24.1 ± 5.8 months, and 57.4% of participants performed their own stoma care. On a scale of 0 to 21, the participants' mean sleep score was 9.08 ± 5.03, and 66.2% of patients were found to have poor sleep quality. High sleep quality was significantly positively associated with colostomy (odds ratio, 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-2.69; P = .006) and self-performed stoma care (odds ratio, 1.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-2.30; P = .036). CONCLUSION: The results of the current study can provide reference data for future studies and highlight the importance of assessing sleep quality in persons with intestinal stomas.

Knowledge and practices of nurses working in psychiatry clinics on ventrogluteal injection.

PURPOSE: To determine the knowledge and practices of nurses working in psychiatry clinics on the ventrogluteal (VG) injection. DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was conducted as a descriptive and cross-sectional study. A total of 91 nurses constituted the sample of the study. FINDINGS: It was determined that 35.7% of the nurses preferred the VG site. It was determined that the nurses who preferred the VG site knew and applied the preparation for injection, and the stages during and after the injection. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: This study will guide the preparation of in-service training programs on the use of VG site in psychiatric clinics.

The effect of salutogenic approach-based interviews on sense of coherence and resilience in people with schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of interviews based on a salutogenic approach on the sense of coherence and resilience in schizophrenic patients. DESIGN AND METHODS: A pretest-posttest randomized controlled experimental trial was conducted with 49 patients. FINDINGS: The posttest and follow-up mean scores of the subscales and the overall scale of sense of coherence and resilience differed in favor of the intervention group (p < 0.01). In the intra-group comparison, the pretest, posttest, and 1-month follow-up all the subscales and the total mean scores of the sense of coherence and resilience differed in the intervention group (p < 0.001). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The salutogenic approach-based interview is an effective intervention to increase the sense of coherence and resilience.

The Effect of Group Art Therapy on Loneliness and Hopelessness Levels of Older Adults Living Alone: A Randomized Controlled Study.

AIM: This study was aimed to test group art therapy using clay as a medium as a method to cope with feelings of loneliness and hopelessness in older adults. METHOD: This study was a randomized controlled study. A total of 60 older adults who lived alone were enrolled in the study. Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to six 1.5-hour weekly sessions of group art therapy using clay, and interviewed face-to-face twice (intervention group (IG)), and 30 subjects were randomly assigned to be interviewed face-to-face twice (control group (CG)). The effects of interventions were measured using the UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS) and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). Loneliness and hopelessness levels in the IG and CG were measured at the beginning (pre-test) and the end (post-test) of the study. This study was conducted using the CONSORT statement. The group art therapy trial is registered at the US National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov) #NCT04295083. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was found between the pre-test and post-test scores of the IG and CG, with respect to the loneliness and hopelessness levels among older adults living alone. CONCLUSION: Clay-based group art therapy can contribute toward decreasing the sense of loneliness and hopelessness in older adults. Nurses using group art therapy for older adults will realize the psychological healing aspects and effectiveness of this intervention and recognize it as an effective method for the psychological growth of older adults and the reduction in their levels of loneliness and hopelessness.

Experiences and psychosocial problems of nurses caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Turkey: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Nurses, who are playing an important role during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, are exposed to a range of psychosocial stressors due to unforeseen risks. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to determine the experiences and psychosocial problems of nurses caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Turkey. SETTINGS: The data were collected between 9 May and 12 May 2020, in Istanbul, Turkey. PARTICIPANTS: The study sample consisted of 10 nurses, who cared for patients diagnosed with COVID-19. METHODS: The research employed the descriptive phenomenological approach. The interviews were conducted face-to-face via the internet and were analysed with Colaizzi's seven-step method. RESULTS: The experiences and psychosocial problems among nurses caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were categorised under three themes, which were further divided into subcategories. The theme of the effects of the outbreak was divided into working conditions, psychological effects and social effects; the theme of short-term coping strategies was divided into normalisation, refusal to dwell on experiences, avoidance, expression of emotions and distraction; and the theme of necessities was divided into psychosocial support and resource management. CONCLUSION: The nurses caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Turkey were adversely affected, both psychologically and socially, by the pandemic; they used short-term coping strategies, and they needed psychosocial support and resource management. They also faced stigmatising attitudes and experiencing burnout and were at risk for secondary traumas due to witnessing disease and death.

LGBT individuals' opinions about their health care experiences: A qualitative research study.

AIM: To determine the health problems of LGBT individuals and the conditions of their utilization of health care services from their own perspectives. BACKGROUND: Although the health care services have improved over the last decades, LGBT individual still face unique challenges when seeking health care services. METHOD: This study was performed using the phenomenological technique as a qualitative research method. The sample consisted of 18 LGBT individuals selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews using focus group and analysed using content analysis. RESULTS: Two main themes emerged as a result of the content analysis: awareness and status of benefiting from health care. CONCLUSION: To obtain quality care for LGBT individuals, the health care professionals need a persistent awareness-specific knowledge of LGBT health issues. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The findings of this study can be a warning for managers and policymakers to plan seriously to reform health care services infrastructures. Content about the health needs of LGBT individuals can be added to the curriculum of medical and nursing schools.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Psychoeducation Given to Children with Parental Psychiatric Disorders.

This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of psychoeducation program which was developed to improve the coping skills and to increase the psychological resistance of 12-18 years children/adolescents whose parents' have psychiatric disorders. The study was carried out between May 2018 - November 2019 with children of patients who applied to the outpatient clinic and inpatient treatment at Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine Department of Psychiatry. Total of 40 children (experiment = 20 and control = 20), participated in the study. Data were collected using Personal Information Form, Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale and Kidcope. The mean age of the children/adolescents in the experimental group was 14.05 ± 1.90, 50% was male and the mean age of the control group was 15.35 ± 2.08, and 55% were male. It was determined that the mean duration of psychiatric disorders were 11.50 ± 6.39 years and 40% of the psychiatric diagnosis was schizophrenia in the experimental group, and the mean duration psychiatric disorders were 6.10 ± 5.16 years and 30% of the psychiatric diagnosis was a depression in the control group. After psychoeducation, the total scores of scales in the experimental group showed an increase compared to the control group and a significant difference in a statistical context. It was found that children/adolescents participating in the psychoeducation program had increased psychological resilience levels and improved coping skills. This result shows that the psychoeducation program for children/adolescents with psychiatric disorders in their parents is effective.

The Effect of Standardized Patient Simulation Prior to Mental Health Rotation on Nursing Students' Anxiety and Communication Skills.

Mental health clinical practices may be a source of anxiety for nursing students. Anxiety may have a negative impact not only on learning but also on therapeutic relationships with patients. This study was conducted with a semiexperimental pretest-posttest control group design. The sample of the study consisted of nursing students from two different universities (N = 85). After theoretical lectures for the intervention and control groups, the intervention group participated in a standardized patient simulation. After this, the intervention group had decreased anxiety and improved communication skills. In conclusion, prior to mental health clinical practices, standardized patient simulation may help nursing students gain experience.

[Functional Health Pattern Model Based Care Plan for a Depression Diagnosed Patient]. / Depresyon Tanili Bir Hastada Fonksiyonel Saglik Örüntüleri Modeli Temelinde Bir Bakim Plani.

Depression is the most frequent disorder among mental disorders, with frequent attacks, high suicidal risks, causing loss of labour-force, as well as to loss of serious physical and psycho-social skills, and also is economically and socially overcosting. The aim of nursing care for depression diagnosed patients is to provide security, to support their independence as much as possible, to help the patient rebuild the harmony at pre-diagnosis level, and to continue their well-being. This case applied to the hospital after an attempt to commit suicide, having continuous thoughts of suicide, guilt feelings, unhappiness, unwillingness, and was hospitalised with a diagnosis of medium depressive seizure. The patient was evaluated via nursing care model of Gordon's Functional Health Patterns on the second day of hospitalisation, and was diagnosed with 'Nutrition, imbalanced: less than body requirements, hopelessness, decrease in self-esteem, impaired social interaction, risk of self-harm, ineffective individual coping'. Nursing care was applied to the medication administered patient within the framework of nursing diagnosis. It was seen that the applied care provided positive support to the healing process of the patient.

Determining the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients who undergo orthopaedic surgical interventions in Turkey.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients having undergone orthopaedic surgical interventions. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the traumatology clinic of GATA Haydarpasa Training and Research Hospital in Istanbul, Turkey, from April 2014 to April 2015 and comprised patients who underwent orthopaedic surgical interventions. The subjects included were aged >65 years, had no mental disorders, no acute cerebrovascular disease, no known history of delirium and/or dementia. Data was collected using a self-generated questionnaire, mini mental state examination and delirium rating scale. SPSS 18 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Of the 60 participants, 39(65%) were female and 21(35%) were male. The overall mean age was 77.07±8.66 years. Besides, 22(36.7%) patients hadmoderate cognitive impairment preoperatively, and 51(85%) had no delirium postoperatively while 9(15%) had delirium. CONCLUSIONS: Degree of cognitive impairment,advanced age and type of surgery were determined to be risk factors for delirium.

The relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptoms in adolescents.

BACKGROUND/AIM: While poor sleep quality and sleep problems are signs of depression in adolescents, depressive symptoms among this age group further deteriorate sleep quality. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptoms in adolescents of 14 to 20 years of age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted with a descriptive and cross-sectional research design. The sample group consisted of 313 adolescents in Istanbul, Turkey. The data were collected using a questionnaire form, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS: The mean BDI score of the adolescents was 12.99 ± 8.94 (range: 0-53) and 4.8% had severe depressive symptoms. The global PSQI score of the adolescents was 4.69 ± 2.87 (range: 0-16) and 63.6% had good sleep quality, whereas the remaining 36.4% had poor sleep quality. There was a moderate positive correlation between BDI and PSQI scores. The factors affecting the quality of sleep of adolescents were mild and moderate-severe depressive symptom level, smoking, and the presence of sleep problems in a family member. CONCLUSION: This study shows a relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptom levels of adolescents. The findings of the current research will contribute to the development of school wellbeing programs that will be prepared with the aim of improving sleep quality and reducing depressive symptoms.

Sleep and quality of life in people with ileal conduit.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the sleep quality and the association between sleep quality and quality of life in people with ileal conduit. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive and cross-sectional design was adopted. The study sample comprised 111 people with ileal conduit operated on in urology clinics in a state hospital between January 2011 and May 2014. Six months after the operation, they were called by telephone to participate in the study. Data for the study were collected using a questionnaire form, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Stoma Quality of Life Scale (SQLS). RESULTS: The mean ± SD total PSQI score of the people with ileal conduit was 10.20 ± 2.95, mean total score of SQLS was 43.63 ± 7.21, mean Work/Social Function domain score was 37.27 ± 5.80 and mean Stoma Function domain score was 50.0 ± 12.56. The total sleep quality had a low degree of negative correlation with total SQLS score, a medium degree of negative correlation with Work/Social Function (r = -0.327, p < .001) and no correlation with Stoma Function (r = -0.096, p > .001). People using a night drainage system had higher sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS: This study determined that quality of life and sleep deteriorate in people with ileal conduit. The quality of life decreases when the sleep quality is poor, and decreased quality of life affects quality of sleep in people with ileal conduit.