[Antidiabetes drug metformin is a donor of nitric oxide: ESR measurement of efficiency].

It is shown that metformin, which is a drug used for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolizes itself in vivo in the intestine and liver of mice with the release of nitric oxide. Subsequently the released nitric oxide forms paramagnetic mono- and dinitrosyl iron complexes which can be registered by EPR method. It is suggested that nitric oxide is just responsible for multifarious therapeutic action of metformin such as lowering of blood glucose level, reduction of arterial hypertension and other biological effects.

[The sphincter-related biliodigestive anastomoses in anomalies of bile ducts]. / Zhomnye bilidigestivnye anastomozy pri anomaliiakh zhelchevyvodiashchikh putei.

The authors made an analysis of anomalies of the bile ducts with special reference to anatomical peculiarities and iatrogenic lesions of the bile ducts. The anomalies of bile ducts were found in 2.07% of 676 patients operated on for complicated cholelithiasis. Primary operative interventions and reoperations in the patients were completed with the formation of the constriction-biliodigestive anastomoses of different levels having antireflux functions. The authors describe the operation technique and results of the treatment of bile duct obstruction.

[Method of constrictive anastomosis]. / Sposob nalozheniia zhomnogo anastomoza.

A combined cuff suture was elaborated in the clinic for the formation of a functioning constrictor and prevention of suture incompetence in various anastomoses. The method of its application is discussed and the results of its testing in gastroduodeno- and gastrojejunostomy in animal experiments are shown. The cuff suture was used in the clinic in 129 patients, in operative management of obstruction of the hepaticocholedochus and biliodigestive anastomoses in 77, in formation of constrictor digestive anastomoses after resection of the stomach and gastrectomy in 42 patients, and in cystogastrostomy in one patient with favorable functional outcomes. The functional condition of the stomach which was operated on and biliopancreatic system was studied by modern informative methods. The technique was also used in treatment of a duodenal stump after operations on the stomach in 27 patients and in closure of defects and injuries of hollow organs of the digestive tract and in ileotransversostomy under conditions of peritonitis in 9 patients. Fatal outcomes in 5 patients who underwent operation and postoperative complications in 13 cases were not connected with the operative method.

[Anti-reflux biliary-digestive anastomosis including the gallbladder in the light of long-term results]. / Arefliuksnye biliodigestivnye anastomozy s zhelchnym puzyrem v svete otdalennykh rezul'tatov.

The authors provide the long-term results of cholecysto-digestive + anastomoses in 59 patients operated on for nontumorous diseases. The gallbladder anastomosed with the upper parts of the alimentary tract preserved reservoir and concentration functions, ability for visualization during cholecystocholangiography. The discrete pulse mechanism of bile secretion via the bile diverting anastomoses and their antireflux function eliminated the risk of chronic pancreatitis and terminal cholangitis. The recovery of deranged liver functions and excretory functions of the pancreas were traced during the postoperative period within 2 to 21 years.

[Use of combined complexes and lithium carbonate in the preoperative care of patients with toxic goiter]. / Ispol'zovanie v predoperatsionnoi podgotovke bol'nykh s toksicheskim zobom kombinirovannykh kompleksov i litiia karbonata.

On the basis of clinico-laboratory and radioimmunologic investigations in 139 patients with thyrotoxicosis, it is shown that in prescription of lithium carbonate with mercazol, more rapid decrease in the blood level of thyroid hormones, incidence of complications before and after the operation, cost expenditure is noted when compared to the other methods.