Vacuum Rabi splitting and strong-coupling dynamics for surface-plasmon polaritons and rhodamine 6G molecules.

We report on strong coupling between surface-plasmon polaritons (SPP) and Rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules, with double vacuum Rabi splitting energies up to 230 and 110 meV. In addition, we demonstrate the emission of all three energy branches of the strongly coupled SPP-exciton hybrid system, revealing features of system dynamics that are not visible in conventional reflectometry. Finally, in analogy to tunable-Q microcavities, we show that the Rabi splitting can be controlled by adjusting the interaction time between waveguided SPPs and R6G deposited on top of the waveguide. The interaction time can be controlled with sub-fs precision by adjusting the length of the R6G area with standard lithography methods.

Different Reactions to the Wheat Curl Mite and Wheat streak mosaic virus in Various Wheat-Haynaldia villosa 6V and 6VS Lines.

Wheat curl mite (WCM), Aceria tosichella, is the vector of Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), a destructive viral pathogen in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Genetic resistance to WCM colonization can reduce the incidence of wheat streak mosaic. Chromosome 6V in Hay-naldia villosa is a new source of WCM resistance. We compared variation in resistance among different sources of H. villosa chromosome 6V and 6VS lines to WCM and WSMV and their effectiveness in controlling the incidence of WSMV following exposure to viruliferous WCM. WCM resistance varied among the 6V and 6VS lines depending on the H. villosa parent. The 6V substitution lines Yi80928, GN21, and GN22 derived from an accession of H. villosa from China, and the 6VS translocation lines 92R137, 92R178, and Sub6V from an H. villosa accession collected from the United Kingdom were uniformly resistant to WCM colonization. In contrast, the 6V substitution line RW15 and a 6VS translocation line Pm33 developed from an H. villosa collection from the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics were susceptible to WCM. All 6V and 6VS lines were susceptible to WSMV when manually inoculated. However, symptom expression was delayed in the WCM-resistant 6V and 6VS lines after exposure to viruliferous WCM. The 6V and 6VS lines differed in their ability to control WSMV infection. WCM-susceptible lines RW15 and Pm33 had no effect on controlling the infection by WSMV. Lines GN21 and GN22 were the most effective of the three H. villosa sources in limiting the spread of WSMV. Their high yield potential and protein content, in combination with resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) and powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici), make GN21 and GN22 promising sources of WCM resistance.