Relación de la presión sistólica de la arteria pulmonar medida por ecocardiograma con el tiempo y el tipo de terapia de reemplazo renal / The relationship between systolic pressure of the pulmonary artery measured by echocardiogram and the duration and type of renal replacement therapy

Resumen Introducción: Las alteraciones secundarias a la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), como inflamación sistémica, anemia y sobrecarga hídrica, son un sustrato importante para el desarrollo de hipertensión arterial pulmonar. Objetivo: Valorar la relación de la presión sistólica de la arteria pulmonar (PSAP) por ecocardiograma con el tiempo y el tipo de terapia de reemplazo renal (TRR) en pacientes con ERC. Método: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, llevado a cabo en el Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, en el que se analizaron medidas de tendencia central y medidas de dispersión. Para comparar porcentajes se utilizó la prueba de χ2 con el programa estadístico SPSS 25. Resultados: Se incluyeron 141 pacientes con ERC en TRR con diálisis peritoneal o hemodiálisis. Se clasificaron de acuerdo con la PSAP en normal (30 pacientes, 21.28%), leve (43 pacientes, 30.5%), moderada (16 pacientes, 12%) y grave (52 pacientes, 36.88%). El tiempo de TRR está relacionado con una PSAP mayor, con 3.53 años en caso de PSAP normal, 5.51 años en caso de PSAP leve, 6.00 años para la PSAP moderada y 6.38 años para la PSAP grave. La PSAP grave se presentó en 13 de 56 pacientes en diálisis peritoneal y en 39 de 85 en hemodiálisis (p = 0.034). Conclusiones: Se encontró que existe relación entre la PSAP con el tiempo y el tipo de sustitución renal en pacientes con ERC.

Abstract Introduction: The disorders secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD), such as systemic inflammation, anemia, and fluid overload are an important substrate for the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Objective: To assess the relationship between pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) on echocardiogram and the duration and type of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in patients with CKD. Method: A retrospective observational study at Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional La Raza. The analysis was performed using measures of central tendency and dispersion. Chi square was used to compare percentages through the SPSS 25 statistical program. Results: A total of 141 patients with CKD on RRT with peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis were included. They were classified according to PASP as normal (30 patients, 21.28%), mild (43 patients, 30.5%), moderate (16 patients, 12%) and severe (52 patients, 36.88%). The duration of RRT is related to a higher PASP, with 3.53 years for a normal PASP, 5.51 years for mild PASP, 6.00 years for moderate PASP, and 6.38 for those with severe PASP. Severe PASP occurred in 13 of 56 patients on peritoneal dialysis and 39 of 85 patients on hemodialysis (p = 0.034). Conclusions: This study found a relationship between PASP and the duration and type of renal replacement in patients with CKD.

Change in the Pattern of Posttransplantation Anemia in Kidney Receptors: Sex Role in Recipients and Type of Donor.

OBJECTIVE: Posttransplant anemia (PTA) in kidney recipients is a complication that has repercussions mainly of cardiovascular consequence. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of anemia, as well as the relationship between kidney recipient and donor sex, in the presence or absence of anemia at 12 months after kidney transplant (KT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational, longitudinal study of KTs made over a 5-year period, from 2013 to 2017, in a renal transplant unit from La Raza National Health Care Medical Center. Three hundred twenty-eight records were analyzed. Hemoglobin (Hb) and the presence or absence of anemia according to the definition by the World Health Organization were analyzed. The association between kidney recipient sex and donor type (living or deceased) was evaluated. Analysis of central tendency and dispersion were performed and the mean difference was established with χ2 test or Student t test. Significance level was set at P < .05. RESULTS: The mean Hb (standard deviation) before KT was 10.38 (2.16) g/dL; Hb at 12 months was 14.47 (2.37) g/dL with an absolute increase of 4.09 g/dL. Before KT, male kidney recipients had a mean Hb of 10.54 (2.17) g/dL. At 12 months post-KT, mean Hb was 15.33 (2.25) with a change of 4.79 g/dL. Before KT, female kidney recipients had a mean Hb of 10.16 (2.13) g/dL. At 12 months post-KT, mean Hb was 13.31 (2.01) with a change of 3.15 g/dL. The difference between both sexes was 1.64 g/dL at the end of 12 months. Sixteen out of 152 (10.5%) patients had a serum creatinine (Cr) < 1.2 mg/dL and anemia; 36 out of 176 (20.5%) patients had a Cr ≥ 1.2 mg/dL and anemia (P = .014). In the bivariate logistic regression with an odds ratio of 2.047 (95% confidence interval, 1027-4078; P = .042) for higher Cr levels and the presence of persistent anemia. CONCLUSIONS: There is a prevalence of anemia in female kidney recipients and recipients of kidneys from deceased donors. There is a higher risk of persistent anemia in the case of patients with some degree of graft failure at 12 months.

Manejo diagnóstico/terapéutico en los tumores neuroendocrinos pancreáticos asociados a MEN 1 / Diagnostic/therapeutic management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours associated with MEN 1 syndrome

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[Evolution of contrast nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention]. / Evolución de nefropatía por contraste en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica sometidos a intervención coronaria percutánea.

INTRODUCTION: Current epidemiological transition from infectious to chronic-degenerative diseases is more and more demanding procedures requiring contrast medium, which turns out to be a risk factor for acute renal major damage in patients with chronic kidney disease. The aim of this article is to describe the frequency and evolution of Contrast-induced nephropathy in ambulatory patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. METHODS: We included patients with renal damage at the time of exposure to the contrast medium. They took a risk and were adjusted prevention measures follow at 48 hrs. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: From 1236 cardiac catheterization procedure performed, 32 patients met the inclusion criteria. The 96.87% had chronic degenerative diseases such as diabetes or hypertension, overweight and obesity were a constant in 65.62% of cases, in 21.7% of patients the contrast dose was slightly higher than recommended. The 6.3% developed contrast-induced nephropathy with elevated creatinine greater than 25% at 48 hours after the procedure, despite preventive measures, however none of them required renal replacement. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of contrast medium-induced nephropathy in patients with high risk factors was lower than that reported in the literature; this may correspond to that in all cases nephrology assessment was performed before the procedure.

Introducción: la transición epidemiológica de enfermedades infecciosas a enfermedades crónicodegenerativas está demandando mayor número de procedimientos que requieren medio de contraste, lo cual resulta ser un factor de riesgo para daño renal agudo de importancia en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica, patología frecuente en pacientes con enfermedades crónicodegenerativas. El objetivo de este artículo es describir la frecuencia y evolución de nefropatía por medio de contraste en pacientes ambulatorios con enfermedad renal crónica sometidos a intervención coronaria percutánea. Métodos: se incluyeron 32 pacientes con daño renal al momento de su exposición al medio de contraste. Se les dio un riesgo y se les ajustaron las medidas de prevención con seguimiento a las 48 horas. El análisis estadístico se realizó con estadística descriptiva. Resultados: de 1236 cateterismos cardiacos realizados, 32 pacientes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. El 78.13 % fueron hombres y el 21.88 % mujeres. El 96.87 % presentó enfermedades crónico-degenerativas como diabetes o hipertensión, el sobrepeso y la obesidad fueron una constante en el 65.62 % de los casos, en el 21.7 % de los pacientes la dosis de contraste fue ligeramente mayor a la recomendada. El 6.3 % desarrollaron nefropatía por medio de contraste a pesar de las medidas de prevención, sin embargo ninguno de ellos requirió sustitución de la función renal. Conclusiones: la frecuencia de nefropatía por medio de contraste en pacientes con factores de alto riesgo fue menor a la reportada en la literatura, en todos los casos se realizó valoración nefrológica y manejo previo al procedimiento.