Detection of Microparticles of Different Origins in Implant Prostheses and Abutments.

PURPOSE: To assess whether particles from metal and other alloplastic materials detected in tissues surrounding dental implants could have other sources of origin besides biotribocorrosion or detachment from the implant surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 52 prostheses were randomly tested at various stages of manufacture. Identification of the detached microparticles was performed using light field microscopy and comparison with previously obtained microscopic images. RESULTS: Microparticles of metallic, ceramic, plaster, polishers, or unidentifiable origin were detected in 49 prostheses (94%). CONCLUSION: Without an exhaustive decontamination protocol, prostheses and abutments carry metal microparticles and microparticles of other origins that could contribute to the development of peri-implant pathologies.

Current understanding of genetic polymorphisms as biomarkers for risk of biological complications in implantology.

BACKGROUND: In the last decade, multiple studies have been published that analyze the relationship between the risk of experiencing biological complications with implants and the presence of certain types of genetic polymorphisms. In the present report, we analyze the controversies that have arisen from this important area of investigation and synthesize the most prominent aspects of knowledge related to this possible etiopathogenic relationship. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this review, the biomedical databases PubMed-Medline, SciELO, and DOAJ were used. Different search strategies were employed, from which 298 articles initially emerged. After refinement of the search, 55 articles published between 2002 and 2018 were finally selected based on relevance. RESULTS: In certain population groups, there is evidence to support that about a dozen polymorphisms could in some way be related to biological complications in implantology. Indeed, the results may vary according to the ethnic origin of the population studied. Most of the published investigations are initial studies reporting small sample sizes and utilizing different study group homogenization methods. We are still at a preliminary stage of our understanding and development with regard to these types of biomarkers. The interesting results identified indicate that new investigations will be necessary to eliminate the biases observed in some studies and to homogenize the research groups. In order to clarify the controversies surrounding the current knowledge in this field, we believe that it will be necessary to employ larger study groups and search for possible synergistic effects between different polymorphisms. Key words:Polymorphism, genetic markers, peri-implantitis, biological complication, dental implant.

Salivary cortisol determination in patients from the Basque Country with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. A pilot study

Objectives: Stress and anxiety are controversial factors involved in the complex pathogenesis of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS). The determination of salivary cortisol is a useful, simple and safe test to detect states of high stress or anxiety. The aim of this study is to check for changes in salivary cortisol levels in patients with RAS during periods of active disease. Study design: A measurement of cortisol employing Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) was carried out in samples of unstimulated saliva from 20 patients with active lesions of RAS and 10 healthy individuals used as controls. Results: Increased levels of salivary cortisol were detected in 3 cases, all of them within the group of patients with RAS. In none of the control group patients the level of salivary cortisol was increased. The mean level of salivary cortisol was 0.64 mg / dl (range 0.2 to 1.62) for patients with RAS and 0.57 mg / dl (range 0.25 to 1.09) for controls. Conclusion: Salivary cortisol levels are not statistically higher in patients with active lesions of RAS (AU)

Salivary cortisol determination in patients from the Basque Country with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. A pilot study.

OBJECTIVES: Stress and anxiety are controversial factors involved in the complex pathogenesis of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS). The determination of salivary cortisol is a useful, simple and safe test to detect states of high stress or anxiety. The aim of this study is to check for changes in salivary cortisol levels in patients with RAS during periods of active disease. STUDY DESIGN: A measurement of cortisol employing Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) was carried out in samples of unstimulated saliva from 20 patients with active lesions of RAS and 10 healthy individuals used as controls. RESULTS: Increased levels of salivary cortisol were detected in 3 cases, all of them within the group of patients with RAS. In none of the control group patients the level of salivary cortisol was increased. The mean level of salivary cortisol was 0.64 mg / dl (range 0.2 to 1.62) for patients with RAS and 0.57 mg / dl (range 0.25 to 1.09) for controls. CONCLUSION: Salivary cortisol levels are not statistically higher in patients with active lesions of RAS.

Salivary levels of Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha inpatients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Objetives: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common pathology of the oral mucosa with a complex and multifactorial etiology. Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFá) is a cytokine with an important but not well-knownrole in the development of new lesions in RAS patients. Modifications of salivary levels of TNFá in RAS patients during the active periods of the disease have been measured in this work. The possible implication of TNFá inRAS etiology is also discussed. Study design: The study group was composed of 20 patients previously diagnosed with RAS and randomly selected. As a control group 10 healthy patients were also randomly selected. In bothgroups a TNFá assessment was carried out in non stimulated saliva. All the patients in the study group presented active lesions at the moment of the salivary sample collection. Values oscillating between 0 and 8.1 pg/ml were considered as normal. Results: Salivary TNFá levels are 2 to 5 times higher in RAS patients than those of healthypatients. Conclusions: TNFá has a possible implication in the RAS etiology and it may also have an important rolein the search of new treatments for this disease (AU)

Salivary levels of Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

OBJECTIVES: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common pathology of the oral mucosa with a complex and multifactorial etiology. Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFα) is a cytokine with an important but not well-known role in the development of new lesions in RAS patients. Modifications of salivary levels of TNFα in RAS patients during the active periods of the disease have been measured in this work. The possible implication of TNFα in RAS etiology is also discussed. STUDY DESIGN: The study group was composed of 20 patients previously diagnosed with RAS and randomly selected. As a control group 10 healthy patients were also randomly selected. In both groups a TNFα assessment was carried out in non stimulated saliva. All the patients in the study group presented active lesions at the moment of the salivary sample collection. Values oscillating between 0 and 8.1 pg/ml were considered as normal. RESULTS: Salivary TNFα levels are 2 to 5 times higher in RAS patients than those of healthy patients. CONCLUSIONS: TNFα has a possible implication in the RAS etiology and it may also have an important role in the search of new treatments for this disease.

Calidad de vida y supervivencia tras el tratamiento quirúrgico de las fracturas metastásicas del fémur / Quality of life and survival after surgical treatment of metastatic femoral fractures

Fundamento y objetivo: Analizar los resultados obtenidos en tratamiento quirúrgico de pacientes con fractura de fémur secundaria a enfermedad metastásica ósea, sobre la base de la calidad de vida y la supervivencia. Material y método: Se efectuó un estudio transversal y prospectivo en un período de 15 meses, en el que se incluyeron 20 fracturas de fémur en 19 pacientes, que correspondieron a 10 fracturas inminentes (FI) y 10 fractura establecidas (FE). Como variables de resultado se analizaron las complicaciones asociadas, el tipo de deambulación en el momento del alta hospitalaria y los cambios en la escala de Karnofsky respecto al ingreso. Se registró asimismo la mortalidad perioperatoria y la supervivencia tras la intervención. Resultados: El tratamiento quirúrgico realizado fue osteosíntesis (72%) y protetización (28%). Como complicaciones destacaron: 1 fallecimiento perioperoperatorio y 1 fallo del sistema de osteosíntesis. Respecto a la situación al ingreso, se observó una mejoría en la calidad de vida, sobre la base de la escala de Karnofsky (p=0,017). La supervivencia tras la cirugía fue de 2 meses en el grupo de pacientes con FI y de 5 meses en el grupo de las FE (p=0,816).Conclusiones: Los pacientes intervenidos por fractura secundaria a metástasis ósea en el fémur presentaron una mejoría de calidad de vida según la escala de Karnofsky. A pesar de tratarse de un grupo de pacientes con una reducida supervivencia, el control del dolor y la mejoría funcional justifican el procedimiento (AU)

Background and objectives: To analyze the results of the surgical treatment of proximal femoral fractures secondary to metastatic bone disease, in terms of quality of life improvement and survival. Results: Surgical procedures performed were osteosynthesis (72%) and femoral arthroplasty (28%). With regard to complications, 1 patient died during the intra-operatory period and there was 1 failure of ostesyntesis that required re-operation. There was an improvement in the quality of life measured according to the Karnofsky scale after the surgery (P=.017). Survival after surgery was 2 months in the group of patients with impending fracture and 5 months in the group of patients with established fracture (P=.816).Conclusions: Patients who underwent surgery for a femoral fracture secondary to a metastatic disease showed an improvement in the quality of life, according to the Karnofsky scale. Although they represent a group of patients with a short survival, the control of pain and functional improvement justifiy the procedure (AU)

[Quality of life and survival after surgical treatment of metastatic femoral fractures]. / Calidad de vida y supervivencia tras el tratamiento quirúrgico de las fracturas metastásicas del fémur.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To analyze the results of the surgical treatment of proximal femoral fractures secondary to metastatic bone disease, in terms of quality of life improvement and survival. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A transversal prospective study was carried out during a period of 15 months in which 20 fractures of femur from 19 patients were included, corresponding to 10 imminent fractures (IF) and 10 established fractures. Assessed final outcomes were associated complications, walking type at discharge and change in Karnofsky's scale after surgery. Mortality and survival after operation were also registered. RESULTS: Surgical procedures performed were osteosynthesis (72%) and femoral arthroplasty (28%). With regard to complications, 1 patient died during the intra-operatory period and there was 1 failure of ostesyntesis that required re-operation. There was an improvement in the quality of life measured according to the Karnofsky scale after the surgery (P=.017). Survival after surgery was 2 months in the group of patients with impending fracture and 5 months in the group of patients with established fracture (P=.816). CONCLUSIONS: Patients who underwent surgery for a femoral fracture secondary to a metastatic disease showed an improvement in the quality of life, according to the Karnofsky scale. Although they represent a group of patients with a short survival, the control of pain and functional improvement justifiy the procedure.

Primary oral squamous cell carcinoma arising around dental osseointegrated implants mimicking peri-implantitis.

Prosthodontic rehabilitation using dental implants has become a common practice in dentistry at the present time. The number of complications related to dental osseointegrated implants has increased according to the generalization of its use along the last decade. Among the most common of these complications are chronic inflammatory conditions affecting both hard and soft tissues around dental implants. Although severe complications are uncommon, in recent years several cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma adjacent to dental implants have been published. In this paper we present a new unusual case of primary oral squamous cell carcinoma arising around a dental fixed prosthesis over osseointegrated implants in a 76 male patient with no previous history of malignance and no risk factors related to oral cancer.

Primary oral squamous cell carcinoma arising around dental osseointegrated implants mimicking peri-implantitis

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Prosthodontic rehabilitation using dental implants has become a common practice in dentistry at the present time. The number of complications related to dental osseointegrated implants has increased according to the generalization of its use along the last decade. Among the most common of these complications are chronic inflammatory conditions affecting both hard and soft tissues around dental implants. Although severe complications are uncommon, in recent years several cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma adjacent to dental implants have been published. In this paper we present a new unusual case of primary oral squamous cell carcinoma arising around a dental fixed prosthesis over osseointegrated implants in a 76 male patient with no previous history of malignance and no risk factors related to oral cancer (AU)