Evolución de las tasas de hospitalización y mortalidad hospitalaria por enfermedades cardiovasculares agudas en Castilla y León, 2001-2015 / Trends in hospitalization and mortality rates due to acute cardiovascular disease in Castile and León, 2001 to 2015

Introducción y objetivos: Explorar las tasas de hospitalización y mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares agudas (ECVA). Métodos: Estudio de asociación cruzada sobre altas hospitalarias de Castilla y León en 2001-2015 de infarto de miocardio (IAM), angina inestable, insuficiencia cardiaca o accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACVA). Mediante regresión joinpoint, se estudiaron las tendencias de las tasas de hospitalización/100.000 habitantes/año y de mortalidad hospitalaria/1.000 hospitalizaciones/año, en general y por sexo. Resultados: Se estudiaron 239.586 ECVA (IAM, 55.004; angina inestable, 15.406; insuficiencia cardiaca, 111.647; ACVA, 57.529). Se observaron cambios estadísticamente significativos: hospitalización y ECVA, ascendentes en 2001-2007 (5,14; IC95%, 3,5-6,8; p < 0,005) y descendentes en 2011-2015 (3,7; IC95%, 1,0-6,4; p < 0,05); angina inestable, descendente en 2001-2010 (-12,73; IC95%, -14,8 a -10,6; p < 0,05); IAM, ascendente en 2001-2003 (15,6; IC95%, 3,8-28,9; p < 0,05) y descendente en 2003-2015 (-1,20; IC95%, -1,8 a -0,6; p < 0,05); insuficiencia cardiaca, ascendente en 2001-2007 (10,70; IC95%, 8,7-12,8; p < 0,05) y en 2007-2015 (1,10; IC95%, 0,1-2,1; p < 0,05); ACVA, ascendente en 2001-2007 (4,44; IC95%, 2,9-6,0; p < 0,05); mortalidad, descendente en 2001-2015 por ECVA (-1,16; IC95%, -2,1 a -0,2; p < 0,05), IAM (-3,37; IC95%, -4,4 a -2,3; p < 0,05), insuficiencia cardiaca (-1,25; IC95%, -2,3 a -0,1; p < 0,05) y ACVA (-1,78; IC95%, -2,9 a -0,6; p < 0,05), y angina inestable, ascendente en 2001-2007 (24,73; IC95%, 14,2-36,2; p < 0,05). Conclusiones: Las ECVA presentaron una tendencia a tasas de hospitalización crecientes, marcada por la insuficiencia cardiaca, y tasas de mortalidad hospitalaria descendentes, que fueron similares en ambos sexos. Estos datos apuntan a una estabilización y un descenso en la mortalidad hospitalaria atribuibles a medidas establecidas contra ellas (AU)

Introduction and objectives: To analyze hospitalization and mortality rates due to acute cardiovascular disease (ACVD). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of the hospital discharge database of Castile and León from 2001 to 2015, selecting patients with a principal discharge diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), unstable angina, heart failure, or acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Trends in the rates of hospitalization/100 000 inhabitants/y and hospital mortality/1000 hospitalizations/y, overall and by sex, were studied by joinpoint regression analysis. Results: A total of 239 586 ACVD cases (AMI 55 004; unstable angina 15 406; heart failure 111 647; AIS 57 529) were studied. The following statistically significant trends were observed: hospitalization: ACVD, upward from 2001 to 2007 (5.14; 95%CI, 3.5-6.8; P < .005), downward from 2011 to 2015 (3.7; 95%CI, 1.0-6.4;P < .05); unstable angina, downward from 2001 to 2010 (-12.73; 95%CI, -14.8 to -10.6; P < .05); AMI, upward from 2001 to 2003 (15.6; 95%CI, 3.8-28.9; P < .05), downward from 2003 to 2015 (-1.20; 95%CI, -1.8 to -0.6; P < .05); heart failure, upward from 2001 to 2007 (10.70; 95%CI, 8.7-12.8; P < .05), upward from 2007 to 2015 (1.10; 95%CI, 0.1-2.1; P < .05); AIS, upward from 2001 to 2007. (4.44; 95%CI, 2.9-6.0; P < .05). Mortality rates: downward from 2001 to 2015 in ACVD (-1.16; 95%CI, -2.1 to -0.2; P < .05), AMI (-3.37, 95%CI, -4.4 to -2, 3, P < .05), heart failure (-1.25; 95%CI, -2.3 to -0.1; P < .05) and AIS (-1.78; 95%CI, -2.9 to -0.6; P < .05); unstable angina, upward from 2001 to 2007 (24.73; 95%CI, 14.2-36.2; P < .05). Conclusions: The ACVD analyzed showed a rising trend in hospitalization rates from 2001 to 2015, which was especially marked for heart failure, and a decreasing trend in hospital mortality rates, which were similar in men and women. These data point to a stabilization and a decline in hospital mortality, attributable to established prevention measures (AU)

Análisis de los ingresos hospitalarios por insuficiencia cardiaca en registros sanitarios de diferentes comunidades autónomas. Respuesta / Analysis of hospitalization trends for heart failure in the health registries of different autonomous communities. Response

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Trends in Hospitalization and Mortality Rates Due to Acute Cardiovascular Disease in Castile and León, 2001 to 2015.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To analyze hospitalization and mortality rates due to acute cardiovascular disease (ACVD). METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of the hospital discharge database of Castile and León from 2001 to 2015, selecting patients with a principal discharge diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), unstable angina, heart failure, or acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Trends in the rates of hospitalization/100 000 inhabitants/y and hospital mortality/1000 hospitalizations/y, overall and by sex, were studied by joinpoint regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 239 586 ACVD cases (AMI 55 004; unstable angina 15 406; heart failure 111 647; AIS 57 529) were studied. The following statistically significant trends were observed: hospitalization: ACVD, upward from 2001 to 2007 (5.14; 95%CI, 3.5-6.8; P < .005), downward from 2011 to 2015 (3.7; 95%CI, 1.0-6.4; P < .05); unstable angina, downward from 2001 to 2010 (-12.73; 95%CI, -14.8 to -10.6; P < .05); AMI, upward from 2001 to 2003 (15.6; 95%CI, 3.8-28.9; P < .05), downward from 2003 to 2015 (-1.20; 95%CI, -1.8 to -0.6; P < .05); heart failure, upward from 2001 to 2007 (10.70; 95%CI, 8.7-12.8; P < .05), upward from 2007 to 2015 (1.10; 95%CI, 0.1-2.1; P < .05); AIS, upward from 2001 to 2007 (4.44; 95%CI, 2.9-6.0; P < .05). Mortality rates: downward from 2001 to 2015 in ACVD (-1.16; 95%CI, -2.1 to -0.2; P < .05), AMI (-3.37, 95%CI, -4.4 to -2, 3, P < .05), heart failure (-1.25; 95%CI, -2.3 to -0.1; P < .05) and AIS (-1.78; 95%CI, -2.9 to -0.6; P < .05); unstable angina, upward from 2001 to 2007 (24.73; 95%CI, 14.2-36.2; P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The ACVD analyzed showed a rising trend in hospitalization rates from 2001 to 2015, which was especially marked for heart failure, and a decreasing trend in hospital mortality rates, which were similar in men and women. These data point to a stabilization and a decline in hospital mortality, attributable to established prevention measures.

Respuesta a «Decisiones tras parada cardiaca irreversible: finales y oportunidades» / Reply to «Decisions after irreversible cardiopulmonary arrest: ends and opportunities»

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Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) attended by mobile emergency teams with a physician on board. Results of the Spanish OHCA Registry (OSHCAR).

Most survival outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are provided by emergency medical services (EMS) without a doctor on board. Our objective was to determine such outcomes in a whole country with public physician-led EMS. METHODS: We analyzed data from a nationwide prospective registry of OHCA cases attended by 19 public EMS in Spain, covering the period from 1-October 2013 to 30-October 2014. RESULTS: Advanced life support (ALS) was initiated in 9347 cases (incidence 18.6 cases/105 inhabitants per year). Resuscitation was considered futile in 558 cases (5.9%), and ALS was continued in 8789 cases (94.1%); mean age 63.5±17 years, 72.1% men. Initial rhythm was shockable in 22.1% of cases. Basic life support (BLS) was provided by bystanders in 1602 (24%) cases (635 of them with telephone assistance from the dispatch center). Of 8789 patients receiving ALS, 72.1% men, 2669 (30.4%) patients had return of spontaneous circulation on hospital arrival, 50.6% when the initial rhythm was shockable. Hospital discharge with good neurological status (CPC1-2) was found in 11.1% of the study population and in 27.6% when considering the Utstein comparator group of patients. A total of 216 (2.5%) patients arrived at the hospital with ongoing resuscitation, of whom only one survived with CPC1-2, and 165 (1.9%) patients were included in non-heart-beating donation programs. CONCLUSIONS: In Spain with physician-led EMS, OHCA survival with CPC1-2 reached a reasonable percentage despite only a modest contribution of bystander BLS. Ongoing resuscitation strategy seems to be futile except when considering non-heart beating donation programs.

Sobre las características de los supervivientes de muerte súbita cardiaca extrahospitalaria / On the characteristics of out-of-hospital sudden cardiac death survivors

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Hipotermia terapéutica tras parada cardiaca / No disponible

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[Cardiovascular risk factors in the circadian rhythm of acute myocardial infarction]. / Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en el ritmo circadiano del infarto agudo de miocardio.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors on the circadian rhythm of acute myocardial infarction. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We analyzed a retrospective cohort of 54,249 patients from a multicenter study of acute myocardial infarction (the Spanish ARIAM study). The variables were time of onset of symptoms, age, sex, previous ischemic heart disease, coronary unit discharge status, previous stroke, familial antecedents of ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, and reinfarction. To verify the presence of circadian rhythm, we developed a simple test of equality of time series based on cosinor analysis of multiple sinusoid curves. Three sinusoids (24, 12 and 8 hour periods) were used. RESULTS: The time of onset of pain showed a circadian rhythm (P< .01), with a peak at 10:07 am and a trough at 4:46 am. All subgroups categorized according to the presence of the variables analyzed here showed a circadian rhythm, with a sinusoid curve after adjustment. In patients with diabetes or reinfarction or who were smokers, the sinusoid curve was bimodal. CONCLUSIONS: Time of onset of symptoms in patients with acute myocardial infarction follows a circadian rhythm. Diabetes, smoking and reinfarction can modify the standard circadian rhythm of onset of myocardial infarction.