Candida albicans biofilms on different materials for manufacturing implant abutments and prostheses

BACKGROUND: Morphological, physical and chemical properties of both implants and prostheses can determine the biofilm formation on their surface and increase the risk of biological complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of biofilm formation of Candida albicans on different materials used to manufacture abutments and prostheses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Biofilm formation was analyzed on cp grade II titanium, cobalt-chromium alloy and zirconia, silicone, acrylic resin (polymethylmethacrylate) and nano-hybrid composite. Some samples were partially covered with lithium disilicate glass ceramic to study specifically the junction areas. C. albicans was incubated in a biofilm reactor at 37 °C with agitation. The biofilm formation was evaluated at 24 and 48 hours. In addition, the morphology of the biofilm was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: C. albicans developed biofilms on the surface of all materials tested. Cobalt-chromium alloy showed the lowest density of adhered biofilm, followed by zirconia and titanium. Silicone and resin showed up to 20 times higher density of biofilm. A higher biofilm formation was observed when junctions of materials presented micro-pores or imperfections. CONCLUSIONS: The biofilm formed in the three materials used in the manufacture of abutments and prostheses showed no major differences, being far less dense than in the resins. Two clinical recommendations can be made: to avoid the presence of resins in the subgingival area of implant prostheses and to design prostheses placing cobalt-chromium alloy/ceramic or titanium/ceramic junctions as far as possible from implants

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Candida albicans biofilms on different materials for manufacturing implant abutments and prostheses.

BACKGROUND: Morphological, physical and chemical properties of both implants and prostheses can determine the biofilm formation on their surface and increase the risk of biological complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of biofilm formation of Candida albicans on different materials used to manufacture abutments and prostheses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Biofilm formation was analyzed on cp grade II titanium, cobalt-chromium alloy and zirconia, silicone, acrylic resin (polymethylmethacrylate) and nano-hybrid composite. Some samples were partially covered with lithium disilicate glass ceramic to study specifically the junction areas.C. albicans was incubated in a biofilm reactor at 37 °C with agitation. The biofilm formation was evaluated at 24 and 48 hours. In addition, the morphology of the biofilm was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: C. albicans developed biofilms on the surface of all materials tested. Cobalt-chromium alloy showed the lowest density of adhered biofilm, followed by zirconia and titanium. Silicone and resin showed up to 20 times higher density of biofilm. A higher biofilm formation was observed when junctions of materials presented micropores or imperfections. CONCLUSIONS: The biofilm formed in the three materials used in the manufacture of abutments and prostheses showed no major differences, being far less dense than in the resins. Two clinical recommendations can be made: to avoid the presence of resins in the subgingival area of implant prostheses and to design prostheses placing cobalt-chromium alloy/ceramic or titanium/ceramic junctions as far as possible from implants.

Consumo de tabaco entre pacientes con estomatitis aftosa recurrente / Smoking habit in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis

La Estomatitis Aftosa Recurrente (EAR) es una patología con una elevada prevalencia y una compleja etiopatogenia que aún no ha sido completamente esclarecida. El consumo de tabaco guarda una curiosa relación con esta patología ejerciendo un efecto protector cuyo origen no es bien comprendido y que ha sido objeto de controversia. En este trabajo se recogen los datos sobre consumo de tabaco en 171 pacientes con diagnóstico de EAR y se analiza su relación con los datos clínicos de dichos pacientes, atendiendo especialmente a la frecuencia, periodicidad, localización, tamaño y número de lesiones. Asimismo, en este trabajo se realiza una revisión de los aspectos más controvertidos de la relación entre el consumo de tabaco y la clínica de la EAR (AU)

Recurrent aphtohus stomatitis (RAS) is a common type of ulcerative disease of the oral mucosa with a complex etiology that remains unclear. Smoking habit has a surprising, controversial and not well understood relationship with this disease, preventing the development of new lesions. In this work we present the results on tobacco consumption among 171 RAS patients. We also analyze the clinical aspects of these patients, especially those related to the frequency, location, number and size of the lesions. In this paper we also review the most important controversies on the relationship between the smoking habit and the clinical findings in RAU patients (AU)

Hiperplasia coronoidea bilateral. Una rara patología causante de disfunción temporomandibular / Bilateral coronoid hyperplasia. An uncommon pathology cause of temporomandibular disorders

La hiperplasia coronoidea es una condición patológica muy poco frecuente, caracterizada por un crecimiento exagerado de la apófisis coronoides mandibular unilateral o bilateral. Desde la primera descripción realizada por Langenbeck a mediados del siglo XIX han aparecido descritos ocasionalmente en la literatura nuevos casos de esta rara alteración. Aunque en ocasiones es asintomática, su principal manifestación clínica es la restricción de la movilidad mandibular, principalmente en los movimientos de apertura y protrusión. Dicha limitación se debe a la impactación de la apófisis coronoides con el hueso cigomático. En este trabajo se presenta el caso clínico de un varón de 30 años de edad sin antecedentes médicos de interés que acude a consulta por un cuadro de limitación de apertura progresiva y dolor en la región temporomandibular. Tras la exploración, el empleo de técnicas radiológicas convencionales y especiales permitieron confirmar el diagnóstico de hiperplasia coronoidea bilateral. Así mismo, en este trabajo se recogen los principales aspectos clínico patológicos y diagnósticos de esta alteración. Se realiza un repaso de los aspectos más importantes en el diagnóstico diferencial de los procesos que cursan con limitación de la apertura bucal. Dentro de este diagnóstico diferencial, y a pesar de su baja prevalencia, debe incluirse esta patología (AU)

Coronoid hyperplasia is an uncommon pathology characterized by an excessive uni or bilateral growth of the mandibular coronoid process. Since the first description by Langenbeck in the middle of the XIX century, many cases have been reported in the literature. In some cases patients are asymptomatic. Nevertheless, in most of them a limitation in the mouth movements can be observed, especially during the opening and protrusion movements. This limitation is caused by the impact of the coronoid process with the zigomatic bone. In this paper we present the case of a 30 years old male patient, without other medical history, that was remitted to our service because of the presence of severe pain in the temporomandibular area and a progressive limitation of the mouth opening. After the clinical exploration a radiographic exam was carried out. Based on them the patient was diagnosed of bilateral coronoid hyperplasia. We also review the most important aspects on this disease, especially those related to the differential diagnosis with other pathologies causing limitation of mouth movements. Coronoid hyperplasia must be always considered in the differential diagnosis in cases of progressive mouth movement limitation, although this is a really uncommon pathology (AU)

Reacción inflamatoria asociada a infiltración cosmética facial múltiple. A propósitode un caso / Inflammatory reaction associated with multiple cosmetic facial infiltration. Report of a case

El uso de sustancias para el aumento de los tejidos blandos con fines cosméticos puede ocasionar la aparición de diferentes efectos adversos, entre los que se encuentran las reacciones inflamatorias tardías. Se presenta un caso clínico de una de estas reacciones en una paciente de 41 años de edad que había sido infiltrada 4 años antes en ambos surcos nasogenianos y glabelar con un gel de poliacrilamida y posteriormente con toxoide botulínico tipo A. Se discuten los principales aspectos clínico-patológicos de los procesos asociados a procedimientos cosméticos faciales (AU)

The use of substances for soft tissues augmentation for cosmetic purposes may produce different clinical adverse effects, including late inflammatory reactions. We report a case of a this reaction in a patient aged 41years old female, who was infiltrated 4 years ago in both paranasal furrows and glabelar area with apolyacrylamide gel and posteriorly with botulinum toxoid type A. We discuss the main aspects of clinical and pathological processes associated with facial cosmetic procedures (AU)

Peritonitis neumocócica espontánea en un cirrótico sin foco respiratorio / Spontaneous pneumococcal peritonitis in a cirrhotic patient without respiratory focus

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