Obesity and metabolic syndrome induce hyperfiltration, glomerulomegaly, and albuminuria in obese ovariectomized female mice and obese male mice.

OBJECTIVE: Obese patients with metabolic syndrome have a high risk of chronic kidney disease. The prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance increase in women after menopause, as does the risk of chronic kidney disease. This may indicate an interaction between obesity, metabolic syndrome, and menopause in the induction of renal damage. However, the pathogenesis of kidney disease in postmenopausal obese women is poorly understood. METHODS: We investigated the interaction of an obesogenic diet and menopause on renal dysfunction in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized lean (n = 8 and 17) and obese (n = 12 and 20) female mice. Obese (n = 12) and lean (n = 10) male mice were also studied. Glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and kidney function were evaluated with gold standards procedures. Changes in kidney histology and lipid deposition were analyzed. Females had a lower number of glomeruli than males at baseline. RESULTS: Only female ovariectomized obese animals developed insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and kidney damage, evidenced as glomerulomegaly, glomerular hyperfiltration, and increased urinary albumin excretion, despite a similar increase in weight than obese non-ovariectomized female mice. Male obese mice developed hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and hyperfiltration without major renal histological changes. Males on high fat diet showed higher renal lipid content and females on high fat diet (ovariectomized or non-ovariectomized) showed higher total cholesterol content than males. CONCLUSIONS: In mice, there is a clear interplay between obesity, metabolic syndrome, and menopause in the induction of kidney damage.

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Enfermedad relacionada con IgG4: descripción de un caso con lesiones pulmonares, adenopatías mediastínicas e insuficiencia renal rápidamente progressiva / IgG4-related disease: description of a case with pulmonary lesions, mediastinal lymphadenopathies and rapidly progressive renal failure

El caso presentado es el de un paciente varón de 73 años que debuta con un fracaso renal agudo en el contexto de infiltrados pulmonares y adenopatías mediastínicas a estudio. En el análisis de orina destacó proteinuria de rango tubular, sin microhematuria. En el estudio inmunológico se observó únicamente una elevación de los valores normales de IgG, junto con una activación de la vía clásica del complemento. La biopsia renal y la correcta correlación clínico-patológica fueron definitivas en este caso, mostrando una vez más ser una herramienta fundamental en el diagnóstico del fracaso renal agudo de etiología no clara (AU)

A seventy-three year olded man was admitted because of acute kidney failure in the context of pulmonary infiltrates and mediastinic lympadenopathy under study. Urine test showed tubular range proteinuria with no microhematuria. Immunological testing showed an elevated IgG concentration and hypocomplementemia (classical pathway activation). Renal biopsy and clinical-pathologic correlation were crucial in this case, showing once again their important role in the final diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AU)