Curcumin-Added Whey Protein Positively Modulates Skeletal Muscle Inflammation and Oxidative Damage after Exhaustive Exercise.

(1) Background: Exhaustive exercise can induce muscle damage. The consumption of nutritional compounds with the ability to positively influence the oxidative balance and an exacerbated inflammatory process has been previously studied. However, little is known about the nutritional value of curcumin (CCM) when mixed with whey protein concentrate (WPC). This study was developed to evaluate the effect of CCM-added WPC on inflammatory and oxidative process control and histopathological consequences in muscle tissue submitted to an exhaustive swimming test (ET). (2) Methods: 48 animals were randomly allocated to six groups (n = 8). An ET was performed 4 weeks after the start of the diet and animals were euthanized 24 h post ET. (3) Results: WPC + CCM and CCM groups reduced IL-6 and increased IL-10 expression in muscle tissue. CCM reduced carbonyl protein after ET compared to standard AIN-93M ET and WPC + CCM ET diets. Higher nitric oxide concentrations were observed in animals that consumed WPC + CCM and CCM. Consumption of WPC + CCM or isolated CCM reduced areas of inflammatory infiltrate and fibrotic tissue in the muscle. (4) Conclusions: WPC + CCM and isolated CCM contribute to the reduction in inflammation and oxidative damage caused by the exhaustive swimming test.

Effects of curcumin supplementation on sport and physical exercise: a systematic review.

Curcumin is the main phenolic compound in turmeric. It has been investigated recently due to its numerous medicinal properties and health benefits. However, few studies assessed the effects of curcumin supplementation on physical activity practice. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to assess the available evidences with human beings about the potential effects of curcumin supplementation on sport and physical exercise. This systematic review was conducted within the period from January to February, 2019, following the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) guidelines. The LILACS, Medline, SciELO and PubMed databases were used for the search, with no publication date limit. The following terms, with the respective Boolean operators, were searched: "curcumin" AND sports; "curcumin" AND exercise; curcumin AND "aerobic exercise"; "curcumin" AND "resistance exercise"; "curcumin" AND "endurance exercise"; "curcumin" AND "strength exercise". Eleven papers were selected for this review. Most of the studies displayed positive effects of the curcumin supplementation for athletes and physical exercise practitioners, and no side effects were reported. Participants supplemented with curcumin displayed reduced inflammation and oxidative stress, decreased pain and muscle damage, superior recovery and muscle performance, better psychological and physiological responses (thermal and cardiovascular) during training and improved gastrointestinal function. Curcumin supplementation appears to be safe and beneficial for sport and physical exercise in human beings. PROSPERO (CRD42019126763).

Antiobesity effects of anthocyanins on mitochondrial biogenesis, inflammation, and oxidative stress: A systematic review.

Studies have shown that anthocyanins attenuate obesity. In this review, we confirm these effects and explain the possible mechanisms underlying them. A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases using obesity as the main term along with anthocyanins and the main anthocyanidins, including articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish without any restriction as to year. The review was carried out by peers following PRISMA recommendations: 1980 studies were identified, and 19 articles were analyzed. The studies varied in relation to time, pathways, cells used, and anthocyanin types. The positive effects were observed in 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathways and mitochondrial biogenesis and in a reduction in inflammation and oxidative stress. Anthocyanins can improve the metabolic control involved in obesity by reducing lipogenesis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This can boost the speed of lipolysis and thermogenesis, regulate satiety, and reduce body fat accumulation. In addition, anthocyanins have shown promising effects on controlling obesity compared with the standard of care.

Nutritional value of non-conventional vegetables prepared by family farmers in rural communities / Valor nutricional de hortaliças não convencionais preparadas por agricultores familiares em comunidades rurais

ABSTRACT: Four most consumed non-conventional vegetables were analyzed raw and after cooking techniques routinely used by family farmers: ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.); wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.), serralha (Sonchus arvensis L), and capiçova (Erechtites valeriana). Chemical composition was determined according to AOAC. Vitamin C, vitamin E and carotenoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and phenolic compounds and minerals by spectrophotometry. Vitamin E and carotenoids concentrations were higher in stir fried wild mustard (7.68 mg.100 g-1 and 7.45 mg.100 g-1, respectively). Cooking reduced some minerals concentration in the non-conventional vegetables, but increased vitamins and carotenoids concentrations. The vegetables presented high content of minerals but low protein concentration and total energy content. Non-conventional vegetables can be considered of excellent nutritional value and frequent consumption of these vegetables can contribute to improve the feeding of farmers and their families.

RESUMO: Quatro hortaliças não convencionais mais consumidas foram analisadas cruas e após as técnicas de cocção utilizadas rotineiramente pelos agricultores familiares: ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.); mostarda selvagem (Sinapis arvensis L.), serralha (Sonchus arvensis L) e capiçova (Erechtites valeriana). A composição química foi determinada de acordo com a AOAC. A vitamina C, vitamina E e os carotenoides foram determinados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE), e compostos fenólicos e minerais foram determinados por espectrofotometria. As concentrações de vitamina E e carotenoides foram maiores na mostarda selvagem (7,68 mg.100 g-1e 7,45 mg.100 g-1, respectivamente). A cocção reduziu a concentração de alguns minerais nas hortaliças não convencionais, mas aumentou as concentrações de vitaminas e carotenoides. As hortaliças apresentaram alto teor de minerais, mas baixa concentração protéica e valor energético total. As hortaliças não convencionais podem ser consideradas de excelente valor nutricional. O consumo frequente dessas hortaliças pode contribuir para melhorar a alimentação dos agricultores e suas famílias.

Percepção de agricultores familiares do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) sobre o significado de fazer parte do PAA e a sua compreensão sobre conceitos relacionados à alimentação, nutrição e saúde / The perception of family farmers of Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) on the meaning of being part of PAA and their understanding of concepts related to food, nutrition and health

A agricultura familiar possui um reconhecido potencial econômico, ambiental e social que nos últimos anos tem sido prestigiado e fortalecido por programas governamentais que incentivam a produção e o beneficiamento de seus produtos, sendo assim, ações de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN) podem ser implementadas, aumentando a disponibilidade de alimentos e a variabilidade de nutrientes à população, favorecendo a comercialização deles em nível local e regional, além de contribuir para hábitos alimentares saudáveis e, consequentemente, melhorar a qualidade da alimentação. O Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) foi instituído pelo artigo 19 da Lei nº 10.696 em 2003, como uma das ações do Programa Fome Zero, seu objetivo principal é o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as percepções dos agricultores sobre o significado de fazer parte do PAA e a sua compreensão sobre conceitos relacionados à alimentação, nutrição e saúde, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa. Os resultados do estudo foram maior acesso a informações como saúde, alimentação, formas de produção e manejo, economia, direitos e deveres, entre outras; melhora de renda e investimentos familiares; melhora da autoestima/valorização pessoal e estímulo à interação dos agricultores familiares. Nesse contexto, faz-se necessário que o PAA se torne cada vez mais um instrumento fortalecedor da agricultura familiar, das ações de saúde e de SAN e nutricional de forma permanente como proposto em sua lei de criação.

Family agriculture has a recognized economic, environmental and social potential, which in recent years has been prestigious and strengthened by government programs that encourage the production and processing of their products, thus Food and Nutrition Security actions can be implemented, increasing the availability of food and the variability of nutrients to the population, favoring the their marketing at local and regional levels, contributing to healthy eating habits and thus improving the quality of food. The Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) [Food Acquisition Program] was established by the article 19 of Law nº 10.696 in 2003 as one of the actions of the Programa Fome Zero [Zero Hungry Program] your main goal is the strengthening of family agriculture. The objective of this study was to identify the perceptions of farmers on the meaning of being part of the PAA and their understanding of concepts related to food, nutrition and health through a qualitative research. The results of this study were greater access to information such as health, food, forms of production and management, economics, rights and duties, among others; improved income and family investments; improved self-esteem/self-worth and stimulate the interaction of family farmers. In this context, it is necessary that the PAA increasingly become an empowering tool of agriculture family in the health care and Food and Nutrition Security permanently as proposed in his law of creation.

Chia Seed Shows Good Protein Quality, Hypoglycemic Effect and Improves the Lipid Profile and Liver and Intestinal Morphology of Wistar Rats.

Chia has been consumed by the world population due to its high fiber, lipids and proteins content. The objective was to evaluate the protein quality of chia untreated (seed and flour) and heat treated (90 °C/20 min), their influence on glucose and lipid homeostasis and integrity of liver and intestinal morphology of Wistar rats. 36 male rats, weanling, divided into six groups which received control diet (casein), free protein diet (aproteic) and four diet tests (chia seed; chia seed with heat treatment; chia flour and chia flour with heat treatment) for 14 days were used. The protein efficiency ratio (PER), net protein ratio (NPR) and true digestibility (TD) were evaluated. The biochemical variables and liver and intestinal morphologies of animals were determined. The values of PER, NPR and TD did not differ among the animals that were fed with chia and were lower than the control group. The animals that were fed with chia showed lower concentrations of glucose; triacylglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than the control group. The liver weight of animals that were fed with chia was lower than the control group. Crypt depth and thickness of intestinal muscle layers were higher in groups that were fed with chia. The consumption of chia has shown good digestibility, hypoglycemic effect, improved lipid and glycemic profiles and reduced fat deposition in liver of animals, and also promoted changes in intestinal tissue that enhanced its functionality.

Influência da embalagem e estocagem no conteúdo de beta-caroteno e ácido ascórbico em suco de manga ?Ubá? industrializado / Influence of package and storage on the content of beta-carotene and ascorbic acid in industrialized? Ubá? mango juice

Este trabalho investigou o conteúdo e avaliou a estabilidade de dois antioxidantes naturais - beta-caroteno e ácido ascórbico (AA) - em suco de manga ?Ubá? industrializado e armazenado em diferentes tempos de estocagem e correlacionou as recomendações de vitaminas A e C com o teor encontrado nos sucos. O ?-caroteno e o AA foram analisados nos sucos comercializados em embalagem tetra pak, em cinco tempos de estocagem (1 a 5 meses) e em embalagem de vidro, em três tempos de estocagem (após 3, 4 e 5 meses de armazenamento). A análise foi realizada por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE). Não foram detectadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas (? = 5%) entre os diferentes tempos de estocagem, para ambos os componentes analisados, tanto em embalagens tetra pak quanto em embalagens de vidro. Além disso, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre o conteúdo de ?-caroteno dos sucos comercializados nas duas embalagens. No entanto, houve diferença significativa no teor de AA entre as diferentes embalagens, e a embalagem de vidro apresentou maior teor em relação à embalagem tetra pak. Assim, as perdas ocasionadas especialmente pela permeabilidade da embalagem ao oxigênio deveriam ser alvo de atenção das indústrias de alimentos.

This work investigated the content and stability of two natural antioxidants beta-carotene and ascorbic acid (AA) - in mango juice industrialized and stored during different storage times, correlating the recommendations of vitamins A and C with the content found in the juice. ?-carotene and AA were analyzed in juice sold in tetra pak packaging, during five storage times (1 to 5 months) and in glass containers, during three storage times (after 3, 4 and 5 months of storage). The analysis was carried out using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). No statically differences (? = 5 %) were found between the different times of storage for both compounds analyzed, both in tetra pak package and glass container. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between the ?-carotene content of the juices sold in both containers. However, we found statistical differences in AA levels between the different packages, with glass containers showing greater content compared to tetra pak packaging. Thus, losses occasioned by package permeability to oxygen should be subject of concern in the food industry.

Carotene and provitamin A content of vegetables sold in Viçosa, MG, Brazil, during spring and winter / Caroteno e provitamina A teor de hortaliças comercializadas em Viçosa, MG, Brasil, durante a primavera e o inverno

This study investigated the α- and β-carotene content and provitamin A value of four leafy vegetables sold at local and street markets in Viçosa, MG, Brazil, in the spring and winter of 2002. Carotenoids were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. α-Carotene was detected in all samples sold during spring, but was only present in a few samples of smooth and curly lettuce and kale in winter. β-Carotene was found in marked quantities in all leafy vegetables analyzed. Duncan's test (α = 5 percent) showed significantly higher α-carotene content in curly lettuce and vitamin A value in large-leaved watercress in the spring. Mean β-carotene content and vitamin A value were 7544, 8751, 2584, 2792, 8193, and 5338 μg/100 g and 666, 760, 227, 238, 698, and 460 μg RAE/100 g in large-leaved and hydroponic watercress, smooth and curly lettuce, kale and spinach, respectively. All leafy vegetables analyzed represent important sources of provitamin A and supply an important part of the daily requirements of children and adults.

Investigou-se o conteúdo de α e β-caroteno e avaliou-se o valor pro-vitamínico A de quatro hortaliças folhosas comercializadas em mercados locais e feira- livre de Viçosa, MG durante a primavera e o inverno de 2002. Os carotenóides foram analisados por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE). O α-caroteno foi detectado em todas as amostras analisadas na primavera, porém no inverno, somente algumas amostras de alface crespa e lisa, e couve apresentaram tal carotenóide. O β-caroteno foi encontrado, em quantidades apreciáveis, em todas as hortaliças folhosas analisadas. O teste de Duncan (α=5 por cento) detectou que o conteúdo de α-caroteno em alface crespa e o valor de vitamina A em agrião de folha larga foram estatisticamente superiores na primavera. Os teores médios de β-caroteno e de valor de vitamina A para agrião de folha larga e hidropônico, alface crespa e lisa, couve e espinafre foram: 7544; 8751; 2584; 2792; 8193; 5338 μg/100g e 666; 760; 227; 238; 698; 460 μg RAE/100g, respectivamente. Todas as hortaliças folhosas analisadas constituem importantes fontes de provitamina A e suprem grande parte das recomendações diárias de crianças e adultos.