RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cognitive reserve (CR) has not been studied in people with Intellectual Developmental Disability, a population with a high incidence of dementia. Commonly adopted CR proxies should be adapted to reflect more specifically the experiences of people with Intellectual Developmental Disability. METHOD: This scoping review intended to identify CR proxies relevant to people with this condition. RESULTS: Some of these were the same already detected in a population without intellectual disabilities (education, occupation, physical activity, leisure, community and social activities); others were found to be specifically relevant for this population: type of schooling, parental educational level, environmental stimulation and living place. CONCLUSIONS: These proxies need to be considered in studies on CR and Intellectual Developmental Disability and in clinical practice. Research on the protective effect of CR aims to encourage policies promoting lifestyle-based educational and preventive interventions and overcome participation barriers for people with Intellectual Developmental Disability.
Assuntos
Reserva Cognitiva , Deficiência Intelectual , Humanos , Criança , Reserva Cognitiva/fisiologia , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento , Atividades de Lazer , Exercício FísicoRESUMO
Stroke is one of the severe cause of motor and cognitive disabilities. These type of disabilities occurred a strong impact on whole family system. Caregiver burden may determine in relatives of patients with brain injury a decreasement of mental and physical health. The present study aims to better clarify the mechanism through which chronic stress influence caregivers' cognitive functioning and how the psychological and cognitive resources may represent as a predictive factor. Caregivers were submitted to neuropsychological tests that evaluated level of mental health ad level of burden. Our results showed a significant correlation between cognitive reserve and self-efficacy skills in health care of patients. Findings suggested that the caregiver burden and the level of general distress influenced the cognitive performance. An improvement of cognitive functions is associated with a reduction of self-efficacy skills, causing a caregiver burden improvement.