Gene Variants of the OAS/RNase L Pathway and Their Association with Severity of Symptoms and Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

INTRODUCTION: The interferon pathway plays a critical role in triggering the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, and these gene variants may be involved in the severity of COVID-19. This study aimed to analyze the frequency of three gene variants of OAS and RNASEL with the occurrence of COVID-19 symptoms and disease outcome. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 104 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, of which 34 were asymptomatic COVID-19, and 70 were symptomatic cases. The variants rs486907 (RNASEL), rs10774671 (OAS1), rs1293767 (OAS2), and rs2285932 (OAS3) were screened and discriminated using a predesigned 5'-nuclease assay with TaqMan probes. RESULTS: Patients with the allele C of the OAS2 gene rs1293767 (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.15-0.83, p = 0.014) and allele T of the OAS3 gene rs2285932 (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.2-0.023, p = 0.023) have lower susceptibility to developing symptomatic COVID-19. The genotype frequencies (G/G, G/C, and C/C) of rs1293767 for that comparison were 64.7%, 29.4%, and 5.9% in the asymptomatic group and 95.2%, 4.8%, and 0% in severe disease (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that individuals carrying the C allele of the OAS2 gene rs1293767 and the T allele of the OAS3 gene rs2285932 are less likely to develop symptomatic COVID-19, suggesting these genetic variations may confer a protective effect among the Mexican study population. Furthermore, the observed differences in genotype frequencies between asymptomatic individuals and those with severe disease emphasize the potential of these variants as markers for disease severity. These insights enhance our understanding of the genetic factors that may influence the course of COVID-19 and underscore the potential for genetic screening in identifying individuals at increased risk for severe disease outcomes.

Producción científica y gestión comunicacional de los directores de revistas científicas estudiantiles en Cuba

Introducción: Las revistas científicas constituyen las principales plataformas para la gestión y socialización del quehacer científico de los estudiantes. Recae en el papel del director desarrollar tan importante misión. Objetivo: Caracterizar la producción científica y gestión comunicacional de los directores de revistas científicas estudiantiles en Cuba. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. En el estudio se incluyeron los 11 directores que accedieron a responder la encuesta aplicada. Se analizaron variables referentes a las características generales de los directores, a su producción científica y gestión comunicacional, y sobre el nivel de conocimiento en materias de investigación. Se aplicó la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Predominaron el sexo masculino (54 %) y las edades de 21, 22 y 23 años (n = 3). El 91 % de los directores fueron estudiantes de medicina (n = 10) y el 54 % cursaban el cuarto año. Predominaron los directores con 1 a 5 artículos publicados en cada una de los aspectos analizados. Solo 5 se desempeñaron como miembros del equipo editorial en otras revistas. Destacó la Red Google Scholar (8; 72,7 %). Solo 7 (63,6 %) tenía conocimiento de su índice h y el de la revista. La mayoría de los directores contaba con conocimiento o habían recibido cursos de preparación. Conclusiones: La producción científica y gestión comunicacional de los directores se muestra influenciada por las tendencias actuales en la esfera científico-investigativa. Pertenecer al comité editorial de una revista científica, principalmente llevar el rol de director, tiene un efecto positivo en los estudiantes.

Introduction: Scientific journals are the main platforms for managing and socializing the students' scientific work. It is the role of the editor-in-chief to develop such an important mission. Objective: To characterize the scientific production and communicational management of student journal editors-in-chief in Cuba. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. The study included the 11 editors-in-chief who agreed to answer the applied survey. Several variables were analyzed, respectively referring to the general characteristics of the editors-in-chief, their scientific production and communicational management, as well as their level of knowledge in research matters. Descriptive statistics were applied. Results: The male sex (54 %) and the ages of 21, 22 and 23 years (n = 3) predominated. 91 % of the editors-in-chief were medical students (n = 10) and 54 % were in their fourth academic year. Editors-in-chief with 1 to 5 published articles in each of the aspects analyzed predominated. Only 5 served as members of the editorial team with other journals. The Google Scholar Network stood out (8; 72.7%). Only 7 (63.6 %) were aware of their h-index and that of the journal. Most of the editors-in-chief had knowledge or had received training courses. Conclusions: The scientific production and communicational management of the editors-in-chief is influenced by current trends in the scientific-research sphere. Belonging to the editorial board of a scientific journal, mainly in the role of an editor-in-chief, has a positive effect on students.

Grupo Científico Estudiantil Tecnología y Ciencia. Experiencias en la divulgación científica / Student Scientific Group Technology and Science. Experiences in scientific dissemination / Grupo Científico de Estudantes de Tecnologia e Ciências. Experiências em divulgação científica

Introducción: La divulgación científica no debe verse solo como una actividad propia del profesional de la comunicación o del periodismo. Saber divulgar una investigación científica es una forma de gestión del conocimiento adquirido. Objetivo: Describir las experiencias en la divulgación científica del Grupo Científico Estudiantil Tecnología y Ciencia. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Durante el período comprendido de octubre de 2020 a mayo de 2023 en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos, Cuba. La información se recopiló a partir del análisis de las evidencias de trabajo del Grupo Científico Estudiantil. Las experiencias se describieron teniendo en cuenta las acciones, actividades y espacios creados para el desarrollo de la divulgación científica. Resultados: El Grupo Científico Estudiantil está integrado por 14 estudiantes de las diferentes carreras de las ciencias médicas. De ellos: 7 son estudiantes de Medicina, 2 pertenecen a Estomatología, 3 a las Tecnologías de la Salud y 2 a la carrera de Enfermería. En cuanto al sexo el 57 porciento son masculinos y el 43 porciento femeninos. El trabajo sistemático con el Grupo Científico Estudiantil ha permitido avanzar considerablemente en cuanto a organización y desarrollo de eventos donde se socializan y divulgan resultados científicos, además la sostenibilidad del trabajo en equipo ha permitido que se publiquen en revistas científicas los aportes que se derivan de los resultados. Conclusiones: El trabajo del Grupo Científico Estudiantil Tecnología y Ciencia juega un papel decisivo en la comunidad universitaria, pues organiza actividades científicas y académicas en aras de incrementar el desarrollo científico estudiantil.(AU)

Introduction: Scientific dissemination should not be seen only as an activity of the communication or journalism professional. Knowing how to disseminate scientific research is a form of management of acquired knowledge. Objective: To describe the experiences in scientific dissemination of the Student Scientific Group: Technology and Science. Method: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. During the period from October 2020 to May 2023 at the University of Medical Sciences of Cienfuegos, Cuba. The information was compiled from the analysis of the GCE's work evidence. The experiences were described taking into account the actions, activities and spaces created for the development of scientific dissemination. Results: The GCE is madeup of 14 students from different careers in medical sciences. Of them: seven are medical students, two belong to Stomatology, three to Health Technologies, and two to the Nursing career. Regarding sex, 57percent are male and 43 percent female. The systematic work with the GCE has allowed for considerable progress in terms of organization and development of events where scientific results are socialized and disseminated, and the sustainability of team work has allowed the contributions derived from the results to be published in scientific journals. Conclusions: The work of the GCE: Technology and Science plays a decisive role in the university community, as it organizes scientific and academic activities in order to increase student scientific development.(AU)

Introdução: A divulgação científica não deve ser vista apenas como uma atividade do profissional de comunicação ou jornalismo. Saber divulgar pesquisas científicas é uma forma de gestão do conhecimento adquirido. Objetivo: Descrever as experiências de divulgação científica do Grupo Científico de Estudantes de Tecnologia e Ciências. Método: Foi realizado estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal. Durante o período de outubro de 2020 a maio de 2023 na Universidad de Cieências Médicas de Cienfuegos, Cuba. As informaçõ es foram compiladas a partir da análise das evidências de trabalho do Grupo Científico Estudantil. As experiências foram descritas levando em consideração as ações, atividades e espaços criados para o desenvolvimento da divulgação científica. Resultados: O Grupo Científico Estudantil é composto por 14 estudantes de diferentes carreiras das ciências médicas. Destes: 7 são estudantes de Medicina, 2 pertencem à Estomatologia, 3 às Tecnologias da Saúde e 2 à carreira de Enfermagem. Quanto ao sexo, 57 porcento são homens e 43 porcento mulheres. O trabalho sistemático com o Grupo Científico de Estudantes tempermitido avanços consideráveis em termos de organização e desenvolvimento de eventos onde os resultados científicos são socializados e divulgados, além disso a sustentabilidade do trabalho emequipe tem permitido que as contribuições derivadas dos estudos sejam publicadas em revistas científicas. Conclusões: A atuação do Grupo Científico de Estudantes de Tecnologia e Ciências desempenha um papel decisivo na comunidade universitária, pois organiza atividades científicas e acadêmicas com o objetivo de aumentar o desenvolvimento científico dos estudantes.(AU)

Prevalence, MRI findings, and clinical features of lumbosacral intervertebral disc protrusion in French Bulldogs diagnosed with acute thoracic or lumbar intervertebral disc extrusion.

Introduction: Intervertebral disc protrusion (IVDP) is a neurological disorder commonly observed at the lumbosacral junction of old, medium-to-large breeds, non-chondrodystrophic dogs. Although uncommon, lumbosacral IVDP can also be seen in chondrodystrophic dogs, among them French Bulldogs (FBs) and could be associated with congenital vertebral malformations in this breed. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, clinical features, and MRI characteristics of lumbosacral IVDP and congenital vertebral malformations in FBs diagnosed with thoracic or lumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE) and to evaluate the possible interference of the neurologic deficits related to chronic IVDP on neurological examination. Materials and methods: This is a single-center, retrospective case series. A search for FBs diagnosed with IVDE affecting the thoracic or lumbar regions is done on the database of the AniCura I Portoni Rossi Veterinary Hospital (Zola Predosa, Bologna, Italy). Eligible dogs have a complete medical report and a high-field MRI of the lumbosacral junction. MRIs of the lumbosacral junction are evaluated to determine the position of IVDP, cranial intervertebral foraminal stenosis, and signs of nerve root involvement. Radiographs, when available, are reviewed to identify the presence of lumbosacral congenital vertebral malformations. Results: Eighty FBs are included in the study. The prevalence of lumbosacral IVDP among FBs is 91.3%. Among FBs with lumbosacral IVDP, 45.0% show concurrent cranial intervertebral foraminal stenosis, 28.8% exhibit concurrent nerve root involvement, 56.2% appear to be asymptomatic for lumbosacral changes, while 15.1% manifest a decreased or absent withdrawal reflex as a supposed consequence of chronic lumbosacral IVDP. Congenital vertebral malformations are detected in 10 dogs. Conclusion: The results of this study support the hypothesis that lumbosacral IVDP is frequent in FBs presenting with thoracic or lumbar IVDE. In over half the dogs lumbosacral IVDP appears to be asymptomatic; however, in other cases, chronic lumbosacral IVDP seems to cause neurological deficits that may lead to erroneous localization of acute IVDE, representing a confounding factor for clinicians.

Are postnatal traumatic events an underestimated cause of porencephalic lesions in dogs and cats?

Introduction: Porencephaly is defined as a fluid-filled cavity of variable size in the brain cortex. It is regarded as a congenital condition and is typically considered a developmental or an encephaloclastic defect. Our hypothesis is that postnatal traumatic events in the first few months of life may represent a cause of canine and feline porencephaly that is more common than generally suspected. The aims of this study were to retrospectively investigate porencephaly in a large population of dogs and cats, detect MRI features that might be useful to differentiate postnatal acquired traumatic forms from congenital/perinatal porencephaly, and define the prevalence of seizure activity in porencephalic patients. Materials and methods: This is a double-center, descriptive, retrospective case series. Databases were searched for cases within a 17-year time span that involve dogs and cats with an MRI-based diagnosis of cerebral cavitary lesions. Animals were included if a complete signalment and an exhaustive MRI of the brain were available. Besides the porencephalic lesions, MRIs of the head were reviewed to detect concomitant musculoskeletal abnormalities. Results: Thirty-two cases involving nine cats and twenty-three dogs were selected. Of all the cases, 21.9% were aged six years or older at the time of diagnosis. All patients in which the neuroanatomical localization was available showed clinical signs of a prosencephalic disorder. Epileptic seizures were observed in 71.8% of cases. A single porencephalic cavity was found in 78.1% of cases. The most affected cerebral lobe was the parietal lobe (n = 20). The defects involved both the grey and white matter in 78.1% of cases. Twenty cases showed concomitant musculoskeletal abnormalities overlying the porencephalic cavities. Fourteen of twenty cases showed evidence of fractures, of which thirteen showed depression of the calvarium and twelve masticatory muscle abnormalities. Of these, seven of fourteen had a history consistent with a head trauma in the first period of life. Conclusion: The recognition of skull fractures and muscular abnormalities closely associated with the porencephalic cavity may support a diagnosis of a postnatal traumatic origin of porencephaly. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of evaluating musculoskeletal structures in the MRIs of the heads of porencephalic cases.

Mutant p53 Gain-of-Function Induces Migration and Invasion through Overexpression of miR-182-5p in Cancer Cells.

The master-key TP53 gene is a tumor suppressor that is mutated in more than 50% of human cancers. Some p53 mutants lose their tumor suppressor activity and acquire new oncogenic functions, known as a gain of function (GOF). Recent studies have shown that p53 mutants can exert oncogenic effects through specific miRNAs. We identified the differentially expressed miRNA profiles of the three most frequent p53 mutants (p53R273C, p53R248Q, and p53R175H) after their transfection into the Saos-2 cell line (null p53) as compared with p53WT transfected cells. The associations between these miRNAs and the signaling pathways in which they might participate were identified with miRPath Software V3.0. QRT-PCR was employed to validate the miRNA profiles. We observed that p53 mutants have an overall negative effect on miRNA expression. In the global expression profile of the human miRNome regulated by the p53R273C mutant, 72 miRNAs were underexpressed and 35 overexpressed; in the p53R175H miRNAs profile, our results showed the downregulation of 93 and upregulation of 10 miRNAs; and in the miRNAs expression profile regulated by the p53R248Q mutant, we found 167 decreased and 6 increased miRNAs compared with p53WT. However, we found overexpression of some miRNAs, like miR-182-5p, in association with processes such as cell migration and invasion. In addition, we explored whether the induction of cell migration and invasion by the p53R48Q mutant was dependent on miR-182-5p because we found overexpression of miR-182-5p, which is associated with processes such as cell migration and invasion. Inhibition of mutant p53R248Q and miR-182-5p increased FOXF2-MTSS1 levels and decreased cell migration and invasion. In summary, our results suggest that p53 mutants increase the expression of miR-182-5p, and this miRNA is necessary for the p53R248Q mutant to induce cell migration and invasion in a cancer cell model.

Comparison of Consumption of Pulses in Two Seasons of the Year in Chile.

BACKGROUND: In Chile, the consumption of legumes at least two times per week is promoted. However, there is a low consumption of legumes. Therefore, our objective is to describe legume consumption in two different seasonal periods. METHODS: Serial cross-sectional study: surveys were distributed during summer and winter using different digital platforms. Frequency of consumption, purchase access, and preparation type were investigated. RESULTS: In total, 3280 adults were surveyed in summer and 3339 in winter. The mean age was 33 years. Totals of 97.7% and 97.5% of the population reported consuming legumes in both periods; consumption increased to 3 times per week during winter. In both periods, the main reason for their preference is that they are delicious and nutritious, followed by their use as a meat substitute; the main barriers to their consumption in both periods are that they are expensive (29% in summer and 27.8% in winter) and difficult to prepare. CONCLUSION: A good consumption of legumes was observed, but with a higher frequency of consumption during winter, with an intake of ≥1 per day; additionally, differences were found in purchases according to season, although no differences were found in the method of preparation.

Methods to extract and study the biological effects of murine gut microbiota using Caenorhabditis elegans as a screening host.

Gut microbiota has been established as a main regulator of health. However, how changes in gut microbiota are directly associated with physiological and cellular alterations has been difficult to tackle on a large-scale basis, notably because of the cost and labor-extensive resources required for rigorous experiments in mammals. In the present study, we used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism to elucidate microbiota-host interactions. We developed a method to extract gut microbiota (MCB) from murine feces, and tested its potential as food source for and its impact on C. elegans biology compared to the standard bacterial diet Escherichia coli OP50. Although less preferred than OP50, MCB was not avoided but had a lower energy density (triglycerides and glucose). Consistently, MCB-fed worms exhibited smaller body length and size, lower fertility, and lower fat content than OP50-fed worms, but had a longer mean lifespan, which resembles the effects of calorie restriction in mammals. However, these outcomes were altered when bacteria were inactivated, suggesting an important role of symbiosis of MCB beyond nutrient source. Taken together, our findings support the effectiveness of gut MCB processing to test its effects in C. elegans. More work comparing MCB of differently treated mice or humans is required to further validate relevance to mammals before large-scale screening assays.

Susceptibility artifact morphology is more conspicuous on susceptibility-weighted imaging compared to T2* gradient echo sequences in the brains of dogs and cats with suspected intracranial disease.

Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) has been found to be more reliable in the detection of vessels and blood products than T2*-weighted gradient echo (GE) in several human brain diseases. In veterinary medicine, published information on the diagnostic usefulness of SWI is lacking. The aim of this retrospective observational study was to investigate the value of SWI compared to T2*-weighted GE images in a population of dogs and cats with presumed, MRI-based diagnoses grouped as neoplastic (27), cerebrovascular (14), inflammatory (14), head trauma (5), other pathologies (4), or that were normal (36). Areas of signal void (ASV) were assessed based on shape, distribution, number, and conspicuity. Presence of ASV was found in 31 T2*-weighted GE and 40 SWI sequences; the conspicuity of lesions increased in 92.5% of cases with SWI. A 44.7% increase in the number of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) was identified within the population using SWI (110) compared to T2*-weighted GE (76). Linear ASV presumed to be abnormal vascular structures, as are reported in humans, were identified in 12 T2*-weighted GE and 19 SWI sequences. In presumed brain tumors, abnormal vascular structures were detected in 11 of 27 (40.7%) cases on T2*-weighted GE and in 16 of 27 (59.3%) cases on SWI, likely representing tumor neovascularization; amorphous ASV interpreted as presumed hemorrhages on T2*-weighted GE were diagnosed as vessels on SWI in five of 27 (18.5%) cases. Since SWI shows ASV more conspicuously than T2*-weighted GE, the authors advocate the use of SWI in veterinary patients.

Producción científica en la primera jornada virtual CovidCien2021 sobre COVID-19 / Scientific production in the first virtual conference CovidCien2021 on COVID-19

Fundamento: la implicación de los estudiantes de las ciencias médicas en múltiples tareas, unido a un mayor conocimiento sobre la COVID-19 a partir de publicaciones, sentaron las bases para el lanzamiento y desarrollo de la primera jornada científica virtual sobre COVID-19, proyectada como un espacio para el desarrollo del pensamiento científico. Objetivo: caracterizar la producción científica de la primera jornada científica virtual CovidCien2021 sobre COVID-19. Métodos: se realizó un estudio bibliométrico, retrospectivo, de corte trasversal durante el mes de febrero de 2022 en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos. El universo se conformó por los trabajos aceptados (143). Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: histórico-lógico, inducción-deducción y análisis síntesis; empíricos: análisis documental. Resultados: destacaron los trabajos con tres autores para un total de 50 presentaciones equivalentes al 28,73 %. La provincia de Cienfuegos presentó la mayor cantidad de participantes (195; 32,9 %). Hubo predominio de las investigaciones estudiantiles (132; 75,9 %) y las revisiones bibliográficas (88; 66,7%). Sobresalió la categoría de mención dentro de las premiaciones (19 trabajos; 41,3 %). Conclusiones: la actividad científica de la mencionada jornada estuvo encaminada a la presentación de trabajos científicos de gran impacto, los que sentaron las bases para futuras investigaciones con resultados significativos relacionados con temas generales y específicos sobre la COVID-19, y el incremento de proyectos investigativos, donde se aprecie un ascenso en la participación estudiantil.

Background: the involvement of medical science students in multiple tasks, together with a greater knowledge about COVID-19 from publications, laid the foundations for the launching and development of the first virtual scientific conference on COVID-19, projected as a space for the development of scientific thought. Objective: to characterize the scientific production of the first virtual scientific conference CovidCien2021 on COVID-19. Methods: a retrospective, bibliometric, cross-sectional study was carried out during the month of February 2022 at Cienfuegos University of Medical Sciences. The universe was made up of the accepted papers (143). Theoretical methods were used: historical-logical, induction-deduction and analysis synthesis; empirical: documentary analysis. Results: the works with three authors stood out for a total of 50 presentations equivalent to 28.73%. The province of Cienfuegos presented the largest number of participants (195; 32.9%). There was a predominance of student research (132; 75.9%) and bibliographic reviews (88; 66.7%). The category of mention within the awards stood out (19 works; 41.3%). Conclusions: the scientific activity of the aforementioned conference was aimed at the presentation of scientific works of great impact, which laid the foundations for future research with significant results related to general and specific topics on COVID-19, and the increase in research projects., where an increase in student participation is observed.

Consideraciones anestésicas en recién nacido con atresia y fístula traqueoesofágica / Anesthetic Considerations in Newborns with Tracheoesophageal Fistula and Atresia

Introducción: La atresia esofágica es una malformación congénita poco frecuente, que consiste en un defecto en el desarrollo del intestino anterior hacia el esófago y la tráquea que se produce aproximadamente en la cuarta semana de gestación. Objetivo: Describir los resultados de la actuación anestesiológica en un paciente con atresia esofágica y fístula traqueoesofágico, así como las consideraciones anestésicas para el tratamiento de la entidad. Presentación de caso: Paciente a término, femenina, blanca, peso al nacer 2880 g, Apgar 8-9 al min de vida, con diagnóstico de atresia esofágica ante la presencia de distrés respiratorio al nacimiento, salivación excesiva con crisis de atragantamiento a las 6 h de nacida e imposibilidad de introducir una sonda nasogástrica lo que fue confirmado en una radiografía de tórax. Fue anunciada por cirugía pediátrica y se efectuó reparación de la fístula. Se exponen las consideraciones anestésicas a seguir en el manejo de este caso, relacionadas con: los fármacos anestésicos, reposición de volumen y la estrategia de ventilación mecánica. Conclusiones: La urgente resolución quirúrgica en recién nacidos con atresia esofágica es importante para su supervivencia, para disminuir las complicaciones, los efectos adversos por la posición y el tipo de intervención que pueden presentar los pacientes. Por tanto, es imprescindible una detallada conducta anestésica. Representa un reto el manejo anestésico porque se requiere un abordaje multimodal en el pre-, intra- y posoperatorio; la seguridad de la vía aérea y una ventilación efectiva son las pautas en estas enfermedades(AU)

Introduction: Esophageal atresia is a rare congenital malformation, which consists of a defect in the development of the anterior intestine towards the esophagus and the trachea that occurs approximately in the fourth week of gestation. Objective: to describe the results of the anesthesiological intervention in a patient with EA and TEF, as well as the anesthetic considerations for the treatment of the entity. Case presentation: Term patient, female, white, birth weight 2880g, Apgar 8-9 at minute of life, diagnosed with esophageal atresia in the presence of respiratory distress at birth, excessive salivation with choking crisis at 6 hours of birth, and impossibility of inserting a nasogastric tube and confirmed by chest X-ray. She was announced for pediatric surgery and fistula repair was performed. The anesthetic considerations to be followed in the management of this case are exposed, related to: anesthetic drugs, volume replacement and the mechanical ventilation strategy. Favorable results were obtained. Conclusions: The urgent surgical resolution in newborns with esophageal atresia is important for their survival, to reduce complications, adverse effects due to the position and the type of intervention that patients may present, a detailed anesthetic conduct is essential. Anesthetic management represents a challenge because a multimodal approach is required pre, intra and postoperatively; airway safety and effective ventilation are the guidelines in these diseases(AU)

Métricas de los artículos sobre temas del programa de la especialidad de anestesiología y reanimación publicados en revistas científicas estudiantiles cubanas / The Metrics of Articles about Topics Related to the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Specialty Program Published in Cuban Student Scientific Journals

Introducción: Las revistas científicas estudiantiles en Cuba potencian la investigación científica en el pregrado, su incremento ha planteado la necesidad de utilizar la bibliometría para analizar la producción sobre un área en específico. Objetivo: Describir algunas métricas de los artículos sobre temas relacionados con el programa de la especialidad de anestesiología y reanimación en revistas científicas estudiantiles cubanas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico de diseño observacional, descriptivo en artículos publicados en revistas científicas estudiantiles cubanas en el período comprendido de enero de 2018 a diciembre de 2022, en sus números regulares. Se analizaron 11 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Resultados: De los 11 artículos analizados, un 45,45 % fueron publicados en el año 2022, la mayoría en la revista Universidad Médica Pinareña. Predominó la autoría múltiple (63,64 %), la redacción en idioma español (100 %) y la tipología de artículo original (81,82 %). El sexo masculino se destacó en el primer autor (81,82 %) y la procedencia de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río (63,64 %). El promedio del índice de Price fue 0,72; la revista Universidad Médica Pinareña reportó el mayor valor. El mayor número de citas en un artículo fue 4. Conclusiones: El estudio muestra que las publicaciones de investigaciones sobre temas relacionados con el programa de la especialidad de Anestesiología y Reanimación en revistas científicas estudiantiles, y otras variables bibliométricas, son favorables.

Introduction: Student scientific journals in Cuba foster undergraduate scientific research; their increase has raised the need to use bibliometrics to analyze the production on a specific area. Objective: To describe some metrics of articles on topics related to the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation specialty program Cuban student scientific journals. Methods: A bibliometric study of observational and descriptive design was carried out on articles published in Cuban student scientific journals in the period from January 2018 to December 2022, in their regular issues. Eleven articles that met the selection criteria were analyzed. Results: Eleven articles were analyzed, 45.45 % of which were published in the year 2022, while most of them were published in Universidad Médica Pinareña journal. Multiple authorship predominated (63.64 %), together with writing in Spanish (100 %) and the original article typology (81.82 %). The first author was mostly male (81.82 %) and the most represented origin was Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río (63.64 %). The average Price index was 0.72; Universidad Médica Pinareña journal reported the highest value. The highest number of citations in an article was 4. Conclusions: The publication of topics related to the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation specialty program in Cuban student scientific journals is increasing. The typology preferred by authors is the original article, while there is a tendency towards multiple authorship.

Caracterización de investigaciones originales presentadas en la Primera Jornada Científica Nacional sobre COVID-19, CovidCien2021

Fundamento: las investigaciones originales representan la culminación de un proceso investigativo; ponen a prueba todas las capacidades del equipo investigador, desde la detección del problema y la conducción del estudio hasta la interpretación de los resultados y las propuestas de solución del problema. Objetivo: caracterizar las investigaciones originales presentadas en la Primera Jornada Científica Nacional sobre COVID-19, CovidCien2021. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte trasversal. Se incluyeron 57 trabajos presentados al evento. Variables: cantidad de investigaciones originales presentadas, de investigaciones estudiantiles o investigaciones profesionales, tipo de estudio, tipo de investigación, errores metodológicos más comunes, cantidad de autores. Se utilizó la estadística descriptiva para el procesamiento y análisis de los resultados. Resultados: se presentaron 57 temas libres (32,6 %). Sobresalieron las investigaciones pertenecientes a estudiantes (32; 56,1 %). Destacaron las investigaciones de estudios observacionales descriptivos (50; 87,7 %) y las cuantitativas (50; 87,7 %). Prevalecieron los trabajos con cuatro y cinco autores (14; 24,6 %). Se observaron dificultades tales como ausencia del objetivo de la investigación y errores en la metodología que imposibilitan su reproducción. Conclusiones: las investigaciones observacionales descriptivas, en su mayoría cuantitativas, aportan elementos generales y particulares de un problema. Persiste la necesidad de educar en las buenas prácticas metodológicas a las futuras generaciones, para lograr una ciencia de calidad y excelencia.

Background: original investigations represent the fulfillment of a research process; it test all the research team's abilities, from detecting the problem and conducting the study to interpreting the results and proposing solutions to the problem. Objective: to characterize the original research presented at the COVID-19 First National Scientific Conference, CovidCien2021. Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. 57 papers presented at the event were included. Variables: number of original researches presented, student investigations or professional investigations, type of study, type of research, most common methodological errors, number of authors. Descriptive statistics were used for processing and analysis of the results. Results: 57 free topics were presented (32.6%). Research belonging to students stood out (32; 56.1%). Descriptive observational studies (50; 87.7%) and quantitative studies (50; 87.7%) stood out. Papers with four and five authors prevailed (14; 24.6%). Difficulties such as the absence of the research objective and errors in the methodology that make its reproduction impossible were observed. Conclusions: descriptive observational researches, mostly quantitative, provide general and particular elements of a problem. There is a need to educate future generations in good methodological practices, in order to achieve science of quality and excellence.

Analgosedación con propofol y fentanilo en las colonoscopia / Analgosedation with propofol and fentanyl in colonoscopy

Introducción: La comodidad durante la colonoscopia es una condición importante si se quiere que el paciente acepte procedimientos repetidos. Por lo tanto, se necesita de una buena sedación que pudiera combinar la analgesia con amnesia. Objetivo: Describir la utilidad de la analgosedación balanceada con propofol/fentanilo en colonoscopia ambulatoria. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo longitudinal prospectivo en pacientes a los que se les realizó colonoscopia de forma ambulatoria en el Hospital General Universitario Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima en el período entre enero de 2017 y diciembre de 2018. Resultados: El 34,2 por ciento de los pacientes tenía entre 50 y 59 años, el 62,9 por ciento eran mujeres. El 73,3 por ciento de los pacientes se clasificó como ASA II según el estado físico. Los valores medios de frecuencia cardiaca y tensión arterial media tuvieron una disminución ligera después de aplicada la anestesia y se mantuvieron constantes en el resto de los momentos evaluados. Los valores medios de saturación de oxígeno de la hemoglobina se mantuvieron relativamente constantes en todos los momentos y resultaron algo superiores a la llegada del paciente a recuperación. La calidad de la sedación fue adecuada en 86,2 por ciento de los pacientes. La calidad de la analgesia y la recuperación fue buena en 88,4 por ciento y 96,2 por ciento , respectivamente. Se presentaron complicaciones en el 16,5 por ciento de los pacientes. Conclusiones: La analgosedación con propofol y fentanilo resultó una alternativa anestésica de utilidad en los pacientes a los que se les realizó colonoscopia ambulatoria con gran estabilidad hemodinámica en la serie estudiada(AU)

Introduction: Comfort during colonoscopy is an important condition if the patient is expected to accept repeated procedures. Therefore, good sedation that could combine analgesia with amnesia is needed. Objective: To describe the usefulness of balanced analgosedation with propofol/fentanyl in outpatient colonoscopy. Methods: A prospective, longitudinal, descriptive and observational study was carried out with patients who received outpatient colonoscopy at Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima General University Hospital in the period between January 2017 and December 2018. Results: 34.2 percent of the patients were between 50 and 59 years old, while 62.9 percent were women. 73.3 percent of patients were classified as ASA II, according to their physical status. The mean values for heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure had a slight decrease after anesthesia was applied and remained constant for the rest of the evaluated times. The mean values of hemoglobin-oxygen saturation remained relatively constant at all the evaluated times and were slightly higher on the patient's arrival to recovery. The quality of sedation was adequate in 86.2 percent of the patients. The quality of analgesia and recovery was good in 88.4 percent and 96.2 percent, respectively. Complications occurred in 16.5 percent of the patients. Conclusions: Analgosedation with propofol and fentanyl proved to be a useful anesthetic alternative in patients undergoing outpatient colonoscopy, with high hemodynamic stability in the studied series(AU)

Evaluation of the Effect of the Fibroblast Growth Factor Type 2 (FGF-2) Administration on Placental Gene Expression in a Murine Model of Preeclampsia Induced by L-NAME.

The abnormal implantation of the trophoblast during the first trimester of pregnancy precedes the appearance of the clinical manifestations of preeclampsia (PE), which is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. In a previous study, which was carried out in a murine model of PE that was induced by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), we observed that the intravenous administration of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) had a hypotensive effect, improved the placental weight gain and attenuated the fetal growth restriction, and the morphological findings that were induced by L-NAME in the evaluated tissues were less severe. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of FGF2 administration on the placental gene expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA), VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), placental growth factor, endoglin (ENG), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT), thioredoxin (TXN), tumor protein P53 (P53), BCL2 apoptosis regulator, Fas cell surface death receptor (FAS), and caspase 3, in a Sprague Dawley rat PE model, which was induced by L-NAME. The gene expression was determined by a real-time polymerase chain reaction using SYBR green. Taking the vehicle or the L-NAME group as a reference, there was an under expression of placental VEGFA, VEGFR2, ENG, P53, FAS, SOD1, CAT, and TXN genes in the group of L-NAME + FGF2 (p < 0.05). The administration of FGF2 in the murine PE-like model that was induced by L-NAME reduced the effects that were generated by proteinuria and the increased BP, as well as the response of the expression of genes that participate in angiogenesis, apoptosis, and OS. These results have generated valuable information regarding the identification of molecular targets for PE and provide new insights for understanding PE pathogenesis.

Caracterización de los accidentes de tránsito en la provincia de Cienfuegos / Characterization of Traffic Accidents in Cienfuegos Province

Introducción: En la actualidad los accidentes de tránsito son considerados un serio problema de salud pública debido al número de lesionados y muertos que ocasionan, y a los recursos económicos que deben destinarse para su atención y recuperación. Objetivo: Caracterizar los accidentes de tránsito en la provincia de Cienfuegos durante el año 2019. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por 300 lesionados en accidentes de tránsito en la provincia de Cienfuegos durante el año 2019, registrados por el Departamento de Estadística de Tránsito Provincial. Las variables utilizadas fueron: edad, sexo, lesiones leves, lesiones graves, fallecidos, municipio, horario de ocurrencia del hecho y causa del accidente. Resultados: Predominó el sexo masculino entre las víctimas, el 11,7 por ciento tenía entre 21 y 25 años. Las lesiones leves fueron las de mayor frecuencia. El municipio de mayor incidencia de los accidentes fue Cienfuegos (47 por ciento). Predominó el horario de 16:01 hasta las 20:00 horas. El 30,2 por ciento de los accidentes se originaron por no atender al control del vehículo. Conclusiones: Los accidentes de tránsito reportan un gran número de lesionados y fallecidos, lo que representa para los países un problema de salud, con un gran impacto en la esfera social y económica. Su prevención reviste una relevante importancia, donde la efectividad se logra con la colaboración entre los gobiernos y el sector sanitario (AU)

Introduction: Currently, traffic accidents are considered a serious public health problem, due to the number of injuries and deaths they cause, and the economic resources that must be allocated for their care and recovery. Objective: to characterize traffic accidents in Cienfuegos province during 2019. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out. The universe of study consisted of 300 injured subjects by traffic accidents in Cienfuegos province during 2019, and who were registered by the Provincial Department of Traffic Statistics. The variables used were age, sex, minor injuries, serious injuries, deceased, municipality, time of occurrence of the event and cause of the accident. Results: The male sex predominated among the victims, 11.7 percent were between 21 and 25 years old. Mild injuries were the most frequent. The municipality with the highest incidence of accidents was Cienfuegos (47 percent). The hours from 4:01 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. prevailed. 30.2 percent of the accidents originated from not paying attention to the control of the vehicle. Conclusions: Traffic accidents report a large number of injuries and deaths, which represents a health problem for the countries, with great impact on the social and economic sphere. Prevention is important, so that effectiveness is achieved with collaboration between governments and the health sector(AU)

Gestión editorial de estudiantes de medicina en revistas científicas sobre ciencias de la salud / Editorial management by medical students in scientific journals about health sciences

Introducción: Para su desarrollo investigativo, los estudiantes de pregrado cuentan con órganos de difusión propios: las revistas científicas estudiantiles. Los actores de sus equipos editoriales son, en su mayoría, alumnos con gran prestigio investigativo. Objetivo: Caracterizar el desempeño de los estudiantes de medicina en la gestión editorial de revistas científicas sobre ciencias de la salud. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo de corte transversal. El universo quedó conformado por 39 estudiantes; no se aplicó técnica de muestreo. Se analizaron las variables: edad, sexo, año académico, carrera, centro de formación superior, revistas en ciencias de la salud, función que desempeña dentro del equipo editorial, y tipos de artículos que maneja según función y preferencia. Se utilizó la estadística descriptiva, con una significación de p < 0,05. Resultados: Predominaron el sexo masculino, las personas con 21 y 22 años, y el cuarto año y la carrera de medicina. La Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos contó con 12 estudiantes. Se destacó la revista EsTuSalud; además, la función de revisor. Prevalecieron los artículos de revisión según función; y, de preferencia, los originales. Conclusiones: Se cuenta con representación de los diferentes años académicos, pertenecientes o no a la sede de la revista. Esta cualidad ha permitido hacer frente al creciente volumen de información y, a la vez, asumir diferentes funciones dentro de la gestión editorial(AU)

Introduction: For their research development, undergraduate students have their own dissemination bodies: student scientific journals. Most of the members of their editorial teams are students with great research prestige. Objective: To characterize the performance of medical students in the editorial management of scientific journals on health sciences. Methods: An observational, descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out. The study universe consisted of 39 students; no sampling technique was applied. The following variables were analyzed: age, sex, academic year, major, higher education center, health sciences journals, role played within the editorial team, and types of articles handled according to role and preference. Descriptive statistics were used, with a significance of P < 0.05. Results: The male sex, people aged 21 and 22 years old, as well as the fourth academic year and the medicine major, were predominant. The University of Medical Sciences of Cienfuegos had twelve students. The journal EsTuSalud was remarkable, together with the role of reviewer. According to function and preference, there was a prevalence of review and original articles, respectively. Conclusions: There is representation from different academic years, belonging or not to the journal's headquarters. This quality has permitted to cope with the growing volume of information and, at the same time, to assume different functions as part of the editorial management process(AU)

Automedicación en dirigentes estatales en la Delegación Provincial de la Agricultura en Cienfuegos / Self-medication in civil servants in Agriculture Provincial Delegation in Cienfuegos

Introducción: El consumo desmedido de medicamentos o polifarmacia constituye una problemática de salud a escala mundial. El uso prolongado de estos fármacos supera en riesgos o efectos adversos a los beneficios que pudieran aportar, solo apreciables ante situaciones de necesidad evidente. Objetivo: Caracterizar la automedicación en dirigentes estatales en la Delegación Provincial de la Agricultura en Cienfuegos. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte trasversal con dirigentes referente a la automedicación en la Delegación Provincial de la Agricultura en Cienfuegos. El universo se conformó por 23 personas. Se utilizaron las variables edad, sexo, cumplimiento del tratamiento médico, medicamento consumido con y sin prescripción. Se utilizó la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Predominó el sexo masculino (14 personas; 60,86 por ciento). Se destacó el grupo etario 40-59 con 11 personas (54,80 por ciento). Los inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina son los medicamentos de mayor consumo bajo indicación médica (8 personas; 34,78 por ciento). 11 casos cumplieron con el tratamiento (73,33 por ciento). El dolor resultó el síntomas más frecuente (19 personas; 82,60 por ciento. Los antinflamatorios no esteroideos se consumen más sin indicación médica (17 casos; 80,95 por ciento). Conclusiones: la automedicación se caracterizó por ser una práctica cotidiana que se realiza de manera consciente; aun cuando se desconozca sus complicaciones posteriores. El consumo de medicamento sin autorizo del facultativo responde al tipo de lesión o padecimiento a tratar; donde no existe distinción entre ambos sexos(AU)

Introduction: the excessive consumption of drugs or polypharmacy constitutes a health problem on a global scale. Prolonged use of these drugs outweighs the risks or adverse effects that they could provide (only appreciable in situations of obvious need). Objective: to characterize self-medication in state leaders in the Provincial Delegation of Agriculture of Cienfuegos. Methods: an observational, descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out with leaders regarding self-medication in the Provincial Delegation of Agriculture of Cienfuegos. The universe was made up of 23 people. The variables age, sex, compliance with medical treatment, medication consumed with and without a prescription were used. It used the descriptive statistic. Results: male sex predominated (14 people; 60.86 percent). The age group 40-59 stood out with 11 people (54.80 percent). Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are the most widely used drugs under medical indication (8 people; 34.78 percent). 11 cases complied with the treatment (73,33 percent). Pain was the most frequent symptom (19 people; 82.60 percent). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are consumed more without medical indication (17 cases; 80.95 percent). Conclusions: self-medication is a daily practice that is carried out consciously; even if its subsequent complications are unknown. The consumption of medication without the authorization of the physician responds to the type of injury or condition to be treated; where there is no distinction between both sexes(AU)

Participación estudiantil frente a la COVID-19 / Student participation facing COVID-19

Introducción: El período de enfrentamiento a la pandemia ha contado con el amplio apoyo de los estudiantes de las ciencias médicas de Cienfuegos, En las unidades asistenciales del territorio sustenta este criterio. Objetivo: Caracterizar el trabajo desempeñado por los estudiantes de las ciencias médicas en el hospital provincial durante el período comprendido de los meses de julio y agosto de 2021. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal. El universo se conformó por 86 estudiantes. Las variables empleadas edad, sexo, año académico, carrera, perfil de la ayudantía, servicio asistencial, tiempo de trabajo y mes trabajado. Se utilizó la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Cumplieron sus tareas 69 estudiantes durante un mes (80,23 por ciento). El mes de agosto fue representativo con 45 estudiantes (52,32 por ciento. Predominó la edad de 21 años (34 estudiantes; 39,53 por ciento) y el sexo femenino (64 estudiantes; 74,41 por ciento). Sobresalió la carrera de medicina con 76 estudiantes (88,37 por ciento) y el segundo año (32 estudiantes; 37,21 `por ciento). El perfil clínico quedó representado con 45 estudiantes (52,32 por ciento. El servicio de medicina intensiva y emergencia contó con la participación de 38 estudiantes (44,18 por ciento). Conclusiones: El apoyo estudiantil se caracterizó por un ascenso paulatino en los meses analizados; a expensas de las especialidades que brindan atención directa al paciente positivo a la COVID-19. Donde los estudiantes pertenecientes al ciclo básico asumen tareas de elevado compromiso(AU)

Introduction: The period of confrontation with the pandemic has had the wide support of the students of the medical sciences of Cienfuegos, in the assistance units of the territory supports this criterion. Objective: To characterize the work carried out by medical science students in the provincial hospital during the period between the months of July and August 2021. Methods: An observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out. The universe was made up of 86 students. The variables used were age, sex, academic year, career, assistantship profile, assistance service, working time and month worked. It used the descriptive statistic. Results: 69 students completed their tasks during one month (80.23percent). The month of August was representative with 45 students (52.32percent). The age of 21 years (34 students; 39.53percent) and the female sex (64 students; 74.41percent) prevailed. The medical course stood out with 76 students (88.37percent) and the second year (32 students; 37.21percent). The clinical profile was represented by 45 students (52.32percent). The intensive and emergency medicine service had the participation of 38 students (44.18percent). Conclusions: student support was characterized by a gradual rise in the months analyzed; at the expense of specialties that provide direct care to the COVID-19 positive patient. Where students belonging to the basic cycle assume tasks of high commitment(AU)