RESUMO
The toxic effect of citric and succinic acids on the germination of the pycnidiospores ofBotryodiplodia theobromae, mycelial growth and the killing rate of theB. theobromae spores was investigated. The percentage inhibition of germination of viable fungal spores by 0.01% succinic or citric acid ranged between 51.6 and 58.1%, respectively.B. theobromae was found to grow in 2% malt extract broth at 28 degrees C at the rate of 0.13 CFU/h. Citric acid exhibited a higher killing rate of 0.26 CFU/h and was more effective against the germination of the fungal spores. At concentrations of 0.3% and above, citric acid could be used as pre- and post-infectional fungicide.
RESUMO
Through a Benin-Canada participatory research initiative which included both Benin and Canadian non-governmental organizations, a local capacity to produce and market bednets for the prevention of malaria was developed. The development process began following a community-based assessment of local needs and skills. All materials for the manufacture and distribution of the bednets were obtained locally with the exception of the netting which was imported from Canada. The sustainability of the enterprise is enhanced by the community's recognition of the importance of malaria and the culturally acceptable practice of bednet use.
PIP: Insecticide-impregnated bednets remain an important preventive measure in malaria-endemic areas. Benin and Canadian nongovernmental organizations collaborated to develop a local capacity in Savalou, Benin, to produce and market bednets for the prevention of malaria. A community-based assessment of local needs and skills was first conducted. All materials for the manufacture and distribution of the bednets were then obtained locally except for the netting which was imported from Canada. During May-September 1994, 2000 permethrin-impregnated bednets were sold, 700 to residents in the immediate area and the rest outside of the project zone. Some nets were bought by people in the study zone to give to relatives living elsewhere. The community understands the importance of malaria and condones the use of bednets, two factors which will contribute to the sustainability of the project.