Bar-code technology for documenting administration of large-volume intravenous solutions.

The failure to properly document dispensing, administration, charging, and crediting of large-volume plain i.v. solutions in a hospital, along with the potential for using bar-code technology to reduce documentation discrepancies, was investigated. Portable bar-code scanners and preprinted bar-code labels were employed to identify large-volume plain i.v. solutions administered on two selected nursing units of a 1000-bed, private, not-for-profit hospital. Inservice training sessions were conducted to instruct hospital personnel in the use of the scanning equipment. Comparisons of patient statements and medication administration records for large-volume plain i.v. solutions established the level of documentation errors in the study hospital. The causes of these errors were traced to three primary sources: (1) failure to document administration of a solution to a patient (38%), (2) failure to credit patients for i.v. solutions returned to the pharmacy (37%), and (3) administration of a solution to a patient other than the patient for whom the solution was dispensed (25%). Accountability for large-volume plain i.v. solution charges to patients was improved by 19% using bar-code technology. The pharmacy manager desiring to employ bar-code technology should determine convenient methods for applying bar-code labels to solutions and for scanning the bar codes, as well as provide programming that can compensate for erroneous scans.