Diferentes fontes energéticas durante o período de transição de vacas primíparas e os seus efeitos sobre metabólitos sanguíneos e hormônios / Different energy sources during the primiparous dairy cow transition period and its effects on blood metabolites and hormones

Objetivou-se com este estudo comparar os efeitos do fornecimento de dietas glicogênicas ou lipogênicas sobre metabolitos sanguíneos e hormônios em vacas primíparas (n=40) durante o período de transição. Os animais foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em quatro tratamentos: controle, sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (Megalac-E, 100g pré-parto e 250g pós-parto), soja tostada (400g pré-parto e 800g pós-parto) e propilenoglicol (300ml pré e pós-parto). Os suplementos foram fornecidos individualmente. Foram realizadas coletas de sangue para determinação das concentrações plasmáticas de insulina, glicose, ácidos graxos não esterificados (AGNE) e IGF-I. As concentrações de insulina e de glicose foram maiores nos animais do tratamento com sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados. A maior concentração de AGNE foi observada no grupo controle. A concentração plasmática de IGF-I foi mais elevada para os animais do tratamento que receberam suplementos lipogênicos. A adição de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados a dieta foi capaz de amenizar as mudanças hormonais e metabólicas características do período de transição.(AU)

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of glycogenic supply or lipogenic diets on blood metabolites and hormones in primiparous dairy cows (n=40) during the transition period. The animals were randomly assigned to four treatments: control, calcium salts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (Megalac-E, 100g prepartum and 250g postpartum), roasted soybeans (400g prepartum and 800g postpartum) and propylene glycol (300ml pre- and postpartum). The supplements were provided individually. Blood samples were taken to determine plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and IGF-I. The glucose and insulin concentrations were higher in calcium salts of polyunsaturated fatty acids treatment. The highest concentration of NEFA was observed in the control group. The plasma concentrations of IGF-I were higher for the treatments with lipogenic supplements. Adding calcium salts of polyunsaturated fatty acids diet was able to ease the hormonal and metabolic changes of the transition period features.(AU)

Metabolic long-term follow-up of functioning simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation versus pancreas transplantation alone: insights and limitations.

BACKGROUND: Pancreas transplantation involves a set of procedures that, in some cases, lead to different complications and outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze the long-term effects of pancreas transplantation regarding carbohydrate and lipid metabolism parameters to determine differences between simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation and pancreas transplantation alone (PTA). METHODS: Sixty-four patients (46 SPK and 18 PTA), with an immunosuppression protocol based on tacrolimus plus mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone, were evaluated for at least 1 year after transplantation. No patient made use of any hypoglycemic or hypolipidemic drugs. Comparisons were performed between SPK and PTA patients using the chi-square test, Fischer's exact test, and unpaired Student's t test, as appropriate. RESULTS: Patients were 39.8+/-9.3 years old, predominantly male (60.9%), with a mean follow-up of 25.4+/-10.4 months after transplantation. The PTA group exhibited worse renal function and higher tacrolimus levels than the SPK group. Fasting glucose, 2 hr plasma glucose after overload, C-peptide, and HbA1C were within the normal range, with no statistically significant differences between the PTA and SPK groups. Insulin (INS) and the homeostasis model assessment of INS resistance index were above the normal range in both the groups. Lipids were also similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients with long-term functioning pancreas transplant achieved good glucose control without use of exogenous INS or oral antidiabetic drugs, although they were hyperinsulinemic. There were no significant differences concerning glucose and lipid parameters between the SPK and PTA groups, even though the PTA patients exhibited higher tacrolimus levels and worse renal function.