RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to evaluate the indications for postoperative cardiac catheterizations after paediatric cardiac surgeries and their impact on outcomes. METHODS: Non-planned cardiac catheterizations performed after congenital heart surgeries and before discharge between January 2013 and July 2019 were reviewed. Hybrid procedures were excluded. Heart defects, illness course, surgeries and catheter procedures were classified. Indications and findings were comprehensively regrouped. Outcomes were analysed. RESULTS: Cardiac catheterizations were performed on 192 patients (median age 2.3 months, weight 4.2 kg) on median postoperative day 7 (interquartile range, 2-17 days). Patients had defects of great complexity (79.9%), high disease severity index (46.4%), high Aristotle level of surgical complexity (75%) and a high Catheterization RISk Score for Pediatrics category of catheterizations (61%). Catheterizations confirmed 66% of suspected diagnoses. Confirmed diagnoses were more likely to be haemodynamic anomalies than anatomical lesions (81.3% > 53.7%, P < 0.001). Confirmed anatomical lesions were more likely to be residual than new lesions created by surgery (88.5% > 40.4%, P < 0.001). New diagnoses were identified in 36.5% of patients. Catheterization findings led to catheter-based or surgical interventions in 120 (62.5%) patients. Transcatheter interventions were successful (97.7%), immediate (89.5%) and performed across fresh suture lines (27.8%). Repeat catheterizations (76% interventional) were necessary in 25 (13%) patients. A high index of disease severity [odds ratio (OR): 16.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.72-71.17], extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support (OR: 10.35, 95% CI: 2.78-38.56), delayed sternal closure (OR: 4.66, 95% CI: 1.25-17.32) and surgically acquired lesions (OR: 3.70, 95% CI: 1.22-11.16) were significant risk factors of 12-month mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative cardiac catheterizations answer both anatomical and haemodynamic questions in high-risk patients with complicated courses and guide subsequent treatment with satisfactory outcomes.
Assuntos
Cardiopatias Congênitas , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Cateterismo Cardíaco/efeitos adversos , Criança , Humanos , Lactente , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Objetivo: Determinar si la estimulación medioseptal genera menor disincronía interventricular e intraventricular que la apical evaluada mediante ecocardiografía en pacientes con fracción de eyección conservada sometidos al implante de marcapasos VVI. Método: Estudio prospectivo que incluyó a 19 pacientes > 70 años, con indicación de implante de marcapasos VVI por bloqueo auriculoventricular completo degenerativo, frecuencia ventricular ≤ 50 lpm y fracción de eyección ≥ 45%. Se excluyeron portadores de fibrilación auricular, insuficiencia cardiaca, aquellos que en ritmo sinusal presentaron QRS > 120 mseg o bloqueo de rama izquierda. Se aleatorizaron 19 pacientes a 2 grupos: grupo A (47%) a implante apical y grupo B (53%) a implante septal. Resultados: La edad media fue de 75 años (± 8). Ninguno tuvo diagnóstico de insuficiencia cardiaca o cardiopatía isquémica. La disincronía intraventricular fue de A: 14.44 ± 19.76 mseg vs. B: 9 ± 36.45 mseg; A: 6.11 ± 62.11 mseg vs. B: 13 ± 38.31 mseg; A: 77 ± 53.51 mseg vs. B: 24.29 ± 80.90 mseg, p = NS. La disincronía interventricular fue de A: 46.44 ± 19.76 mseg vs. B: 42.20 ± 29.56 mseg; A: 45.33 ± 45.67 mseg vs. B: 29.80 ± 44.66 mseg; A: 46.38 ± 20 .mseg vs. B: 21 ± 27.20 mseg, p = NS) a las 48 h, 5 y 48 meses, respectivamente. Conclusión: El sitio de estimulación no generó diferencias en la disincronía biventricular. La estimulación septal presentó una tendencia no significativa a menor disincronía interventricular.
Objective: To determine in patients with normal ejection fraction, undergoing permanent VVI pacing, if medial septal stimulation has lower dyssynchrony than apical stimulation assessed by echocardiography. Method: A prospective trial, 19 patients > 70 years old, scheduled for VVI pacemaker implantation for complete degenerative atrioventricular block, ventricular frequency < 50 beat per minute and ejection fraction ≥ 45%. Patients with atrial fibrillation, heart failure, left bundle branch block and QRS durations longer than 120 milliseconds in surface electrocardiogram with sinus rhythm were excluded. Patients were randomized to apical implantation group A: 47% and septal implantation group B: 53%. Echocardiographic parameters were measured previous to the implant, 48 h, 5 and 48 months after implantation. Results: No patients had diagnosis of ischemic cardiomyopathy or heart failure. Echocardiographic parameters for interventricular dyssynchrony between groups were A: 14.44 ± 19.76 msec vs. B: 9 ± 36.45 msec; A: 6.11 ± 62.11 msec vs. B: 13 ± 38.31 msec; A: 77 ± 53.51 msec vs. B: 24.29 ± 80.90 msec, P = NS). For interventricular dyssynchrony were A: 46.44 ± 19.76 msec vs. B: 42.20 ± 29.56 msec; A: 45.33 ± 45.67 msec vs. B: 29.80 ± 44.66 msec; A: 46,38 ± 20 msec vs. B: 21 ± 27.20 msec, P = NS) at 48 h, 5 and 48 months, respectively. Conclusion: Apical site of stimulation does not increase ventricular dyssynchrony rate in patients with preserved ejection fraction. Septal stimulation showed decreased trend in interventricular dyssynchrony.
Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Terapia de Ressincronização Cardíaca , Ventrículos do Coração/fisiopatologia , Volume Sistólico , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine in patients with normal ejection fraction, undergoing permanent VVI pacing, if medial septal stimulation has lower dyssynchrony than apical stimulation assessed by echocardiography. METHOD: A prospective trial, 19 patients>70 years old, scheduled for VVI pacemaker implantation for complete degenerative atrioventricular block, ventricular frequency<50beat per minute and ejection fraction≥45%. Patients with atrial fibrillation, heart failure, left bundle branch block and QRS durations longer than 120milliseconds in surface electrocardiogram with sinus rhythm were excluded. Patients were randomized to apical implantation group A: 47% and septal implantation group B: 53%. Echocardiographic parameters were measured previous to the implant, 48h, 5 and 48 months after implantation. RESULTS: No patients had diagnosis of ischemic cardiomyopathy or heart failure. Echocardiographic parameters for interventricular dyssynchrony between groups were A: 14.44±19.76msec vs. B: 9±36.45msec; A: 6.11±62.11msec vs. B: 13±38.31msec; A: 77±53.51msec vs. B: 24.29±80.90msec, P=NS). For interventricular dyssynchrony were A: 46.44±19.76msec vs. B: 42.20±29.56msec; A: 45.33±45.67msec vs. B: 29.80±44.66msec; A: 46,38±20 msec vs. B: 21±27.20msec, P=NS) at 48h, 5 and 48 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: Apical site of stimulation does not increase ventricular dyssynchrony rate in patients with preserved ejection fraction. Septal stimulation showed decreased trend in interventricular dyssynchrony.