RESUMO
The aim of our study was to examine the features of therapy of anemia, and the influence of fluctuation in dose of antianemic drugs on hemoglobin levels in dialysis patients. The study included 100 patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5D receiving hemodialysis, mean age was 53,4±15,8 years. The clinical and anamnestic data were studied and laboratory tests were performed in all patients. The correlation between hemoglobin level and fluctuations in dose of antianemic drugs for 12 months: erythropoietin (R= -0,51, p=0,004) and iron (R= -0,46, p=0,01) was determined. The higher doses of erythropoietin and their fluctuation and the fluctuation in dose of iron drugs were observed in the group of patients with middle degree anemia. The least fluctuation of erythropoietin and iron drugs was detected among patients with normal hemoglobin level. There were the correlation between the dose of erythropoietin used in the last month with transferrin (R=-0,25, p=0.011) and ferritin (R=0,22, p=0.028)and the relationship of fluctuations in dose of antianemic drugs and parameters of ferrokinetic, in particular, between the fluctuation in dose of iron drugs for 6 months and ferritin index (R=0,38, p=0.008), and soluble transferrin receptors (R=-0,37, p=0.01). Thus, high variability of doses of antianemic drugs determines less successful erythron's response to the treatment in dialysis patients, which indicates the need of monitoring the fluctuation of drug's doses.
Assuntos
Anemia/tratamento farmacológico , Hematínicos/uso terapêutico , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Anemia/sangue , Anemia/complicações , Feminino , Hemoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Diálise Renal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/sangue , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicações , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Recent advances of cancer treatment resulted in the increase of patient survival rate. Treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) may impair reproductive function, which leads to a decrease of the quality of life of cancer survival. Today different approaches have been developed for fertility preservation, one of which is the cryopreservation of ovarian tissue with subsequent orthotopic transplantation. We have described a recovery of reproductive function in patient of 28 years with acute ovarian failure, which was induced after cancer treatment. After the orthotopic transplantation cryopreserved ovarian tissue ongoing pregnancy was achieved in the natural cycle after IVF insemination. We have described the first live birth in Russia after the orthotopic transplantation cryopreserved ovarian tissue in cancer patient. This approach has resulted in the recovery of endocrine function without replacement hormonal therapy and possibility for a woman to have her own biological baby. It suggests that cryopreservation of ovarian tissue should be offered to all young women diagnosed with cancer.
Assuntos
Criopreservação , Doença de Hodgkin/cirurgia , Ovário/transplante , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Reprodução , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Transplante AutólogoRESUMO
Epithalon (regulatory tetrapeptide) labeled with dansil (fluorescent stain) easily penetrates into all tissues and organs of pregnant rabbit females and through the placenta into fetal organs. Incorporation of labeled epithalon in placental tissues is more often observed in fetuses developing under conditions of placental insufficiency than in normal fetuses.
Assuntos
Feto/anatomia & histologia , Oligopeptídeos/metabolismo , Insuficiência Placentária/fisiopatologia , Animais , Feminino , Feto/fisiologia , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Placenta/anatomia & histologia , Gravidez , Ligação Proteica , Coelhos , Útero/irrigação sanguíneaAssuntos
Acrilatos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Ritmo Circadiano , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Imidazóis/uso terapêutico , Tiofenos/uso terapêutico , Acrilatos/administração & dosagem , Acrilatos/farmacologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anti-Hipertensivos/administração & dosagem , Anti-Hipertensivos/farmacologia , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Ritmo Circadiano/efeitos dos fármacos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Teste de Esforço , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Imidazóis/administração & dosagem , Imidazóis/farmacologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tiofenos/administração & dosagem , Tiofenos/farmacologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Sialic acid-containing glycoconjugates are generally considered to be unique to the deuterostomes, a lineage of the animal kingdom which includes animals from the echinoderms up to the vertebrates. There are, however, two isolated reports of sialic acid occurring in the insect species Drosophila melanogaster and Galleria mellonella. Since insects are classified as protostomes, these findings call previous assumption on the phylogenetic distribution and thus on the evolution of sialic acids into question. Here, we report the occurrence of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) in larvae of the cicada Philaenus spumarius. Cytochemical analysis of larval sections with lectins from Sambucus nigra and Limax flavus suggested the presence of sialic acids in the concrement vacuoles of the Malpighian tubules. The monoclonal antibody MAb 735, which is specific for polysialic acid, labelled the same structures. A chemical analysis performed by HPLC of fluorescent derivatives of sialic acids and by GLC-MS provided sound evidence for the presence of Neu5Ac in the Philaenus spumarius larvae. These data suggest that in this cicada Neu5Ac occurs in alpha2,8-linked polysialic acid structures and in alpha2,6-linkages. The results provide further evidence for the existence of sialic acids in insects and in linkages known to occur in glycoconjugates of deuterostomate origin.
Assuntos
Hemípteros/química , Túbulos de Malpighi/química , Ácido N-Acetilneuramínico/análise , Animais , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Glicoconjugados/análise , Imuno-Histoquímica , Larva/químicaRESUMO
Synthetic lipopeptide N-palmitoyltyrosyl-seryl-seryl-asparaginyl-alanine, an analogue of B-mitogenic tripalmitoyl-pentapeptide from Escherichia coli lipoprotein, was coupled with an oligosaccharide hapten from Neisseria meningitidis lipooligosaccharide to give a glycopeptidolipid conjugate--the artificial antigen of a new type processing the type-specific microbial determinant.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/química , Glicoconjugados/imunologia , Lipopolissacarídeos/imunologia , Neisseria meningitidis/imunologia , Oligopeptídeos/imunologia , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Sequência de Carboidratos , Glicoconjugados/síntese química , Haptenos/imunologia , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Dados de Sequência MolecularRESUMO
The comparative study of the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of virulent and avirulent strains of S. sonnei, phase I (smooth colonies), has been made. Electrophoresis of LPS and subsequent densitometry of electrophoregrams have revealed the increase of the fraction of long 0-chains with a considerable number of recurring elements in 2 out of 3 LPS preparations obtained from avirulent shigellae. In mice immunized with these LPS preparations a considerably greater number of antibody-producing cells can be detected in Jerne's test on sheep red blood cells (SRBC) sensitized with the LPS of a virulent strain than on those sensitized with the above LPS preparations. Long 0-specific chains supposedly inhibit the fixation of individual complement components on the corresponding sensitized SRBC. The LPS of the third avirulent strain of S. sonnei, phase I, with transposon integrated into its genome, which has led to the formation of the avirulent variant of a previously virulent strain, seems to contain fine structural differences from the initial virulent strain. The immunogenicity of the LPS of this avirulent strain is greatly (3-4 times) decreased, which is manifested by the number of antibody-producing cells detected in Jerne's test on SRBC sensitized with LPS preparations obtained from these two strains.
Assuntos
Lipopolissacarídeos/análise , Shigella flexneri/química , Shigella sonnei/química , Animais , Densitometria , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Técnica de Placa Hemolítica , Imunização , Lipopolissacarídeos/imunologia , Lipopolissacarídeos/isolamento & purificação , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Endogâmicos CBA , Shigella flexneri/imunologia , Shigella flexneri/patogenicidade , Shigella sonnei/imunologia , Shigella sonnei/patogenicidade , Especificidade da Espécie , VirulênciaRESUMO
The protein antigens of two distinct lines of genetically related strains, namely the nonpathogenic strain E and its virulent revertant EVir and of the standard virulent strain Breinl were compared in SDS-PAGE and immunoblot assay using typhus patient sera and immune rabbit sera. No differences in the polypeptide pattern as detected in SDS-PAGE were found between strain E and EVir; the Breinl strain differed in a 30 kD protein. The high immunogenicity of the protein antigens of E, EVir and Breinl strains was demonstrated by immunoblot assay with human sera, which did not show any differences between the strains studied. Immunoblot analysis with immune rabbit sera to the strain E, EVir, and Breinl showed differences in immunological response to the 70 kD and 60 kD polypeptides of low virulent strain E and those of virulent strains EVir and Breinl.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/imunologia , Rickettsia prowazekii/imunologia , Animais , Antígenos de Bactérias/genética , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Embrião de Galinha , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Immunoblotting , Coelhos , Rickettsia prowazekii/genética , Rickettsia prowazekii/patogenicidade , Tifo Epidêmico Transmitido por Piolhos/imunologia , Tifo Epidêmico Transmitido por Piolhos/microbiologia , VirulênciaRESUMO
Interaction of ten different lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene yielded quantitatively yellow dinitrophenyl derivatives (DNP-LPS) to show the presence of substituents with free amino group. The DNP-LPS samples were degraded with 1% acetic acid, and after removal of lipid A precipitates the supernatants were separated on a Sephadex G-25 column to give coloured polysaccharide, oligosaccharide and monomeric fractions monitored at lambda DNP = 365 nm. The coloured materials, including DNP-derivative of lipid A, were dephosphorylated with hydrofluoric acid followed by identification of the released DNP-amines by thin layer chromatography (TLC) on silica gel. Subsequently, the dephosphorylated materials were hydrolysed with hydrochloric acid followed by TLC analysis. The approach allowed to detect, locate and identify the substituents with free amino group within the LPS molecules. Moreover, two types of core structures within LPS preparation from one strain were discovered for five microorganisms.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos/análise , Compostos Cromogênicos , Enterobacteriaceae/análise , Lipopolissacarídeos/química , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Dinitrofluorbenzeno/metabolismo , Dinitrofenóis , Enterobacteriaceae/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Clorídrico/farmacologia , Ácido Fluorídrico/farmacologia , Hidrólise , Fosforilação/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The study of protective cross-reacting antigenic preparations isolated from meningococci of groups A and C in the blot immunoassay has shown the presence of a group of proteins with a molecular weight ranging from 23 to 31 KD and common for 8 tested serological groups of meningococci, gonococci and 4 nonpathogenic Neisseria species. The possible role of these structures as common Neisseria antigen in the formation of natural resistance to meningococcal infection is discussed.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Neisseria meningitidis/imunologia , Antígenos de Bactérias/análise , Antígenos de Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Cromatografia em Gel , Reações Cruzadas/imunologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Immunoblotting , Imunoquímica , Técnicas ImunoenzimáticasRESUMO
The ectosialation and ectogalactosylation of mouse thymocyte surface were studied. The incorporation of labeled monosaccharides (N-acetylneuraminic acid and galactose) into cell surface glycoproteins and glycolipids were demonstrated. Identification of glycolipids was carried out. The effect of glycosylation on the immune properties of thymocytes was established.
Assuntos
Glicoconjugados/metabolismo , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Animais , Cromatografia Líquida , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Glicoproteínas/metabolismo , Glicosilação , Reação Enxerto-Hospedeiro/imunologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos CBA , Linfócitos T/metabolismoRESUMO
PAAG-electrophoresis of the isogenic pair of Rickettsia prowazekii strains E and Evir lysates demonstrate the similarity in polypeptide tracks. The different electrophoretic mobility of the Mr 30 Kd protein from these strains as compared with the mobility of analogous protein from the standard virulent Breinl strain is registered. In immunoblot experiments the specific rabbit antiserums obtained on the 30th day of infection with the Breinl, E or Evir strains demonstrate the presence of the different main antigens 60 Kd or 70 Kd. The difference evidently reflects the specificity of development of two forms of infection by the strains having different virulence. The surface tris-soluble antigens of Rickettsia prowazekii have the similar polypeptide contents and immunochemical properties. The main component of tris-soluble antigens Mr 130 Kd protein is not strain specific having the common thermolabile epitope.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/análise , Rickettsia prowazekii/patogenicidade , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Immunoblotting , Peso Molecular , Rickettsia prowazekii/análise , VirulênciaRESUMO
A specific acidic polysaccharide has been isolated from the Shigella boydii type 14 antigenic lipopolysaccharide after mild hydrolysis followed by chromatography on Sephadex G-50. The polysaccharide consists of the D-glucuronic acid, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose and D-galactose residues in the ratio 1:1:3. From the results of methylation analysis and partial acid hydrolysis, the structure of the repeating unit of the specific polysaccharide was deduced as follows: (-6DGalp alpha 1-4DGlcAp beta 1-6DGalp beta 1-4DGalp beta 1-4DGlcNAcp beta 1-)n. The 13C NMR spectra of native and carboxyl-reduced polysaccharides, as well as of oligosaccharides produced by partial acid hydrolysis fully confirmed the proposed structure. The approach was suggested to determine the type of substitution of uronic acid moieties in polysaccharide chain by use of chromato-mass-spectrometry of acetylated methyl esters of partially methylated aldonic acids. Serological characteristics of Sh. boydii LPS type 14 and its modified derivatives are discussed.
Assuntos
Epitopos/análise , Lipopolissacarídeos/imunologia , Shigella boydii/imunologia , Shigella/imunologia , Antígenos de Bactérias/análise , Configuração de Carboidratos , Sequência de Carboidratos , Hidrólise , Lipopolissacarídeos/análise , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Antígenos ORESUMO
Cyclic (1----2)-beta-D-glucan was isolated from killed cells of pathogenic Brucella melitensis 16M. Its structure was deduced mainly from the acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis and 13C-NMR spectroscopy data. The cycloglucan and demicellated lipopolysaccharide of B. melitensis 16M form a stable complex identical, by immunodiffusion test, to the earlier described polysaccharide B antigen.
Assuntos
Brucella/imunologia , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/análise , Glucanos/análise , Hidrólise , Imunodifusão , MetilaçãoRESUMO
The structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of the somatic antigen (lipopolysaccharide) of Shigella boydii, type 12, was established by 1H- and 13C-NMR, methylation analysis and partial acid hydrolysis methods. The polysaccharide consists of pentasaccharide repeating units of the following structure: (formula; see text) The amount of O-acetyl groups was far less than stoichiometric, only about 2 for 3-4 repeating units. Nevertheless, the results of serological studies revealed 3-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnose residue to be the major immunodominant group. In spite of the presence of similar trisaccharide fragments, the lipopolysaccharide and polysaccharide from Shigella boydii type 12 gave no crossreaction with lipopolysaccharide and polysaccharide from Escherichia coli 07. The possible reasons of the absence of serological relatedness between the Sh. boydii, type 12, and E. coli 07 cells were discussed.