RESUMO
The aim of this study was to assess the presence of suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms among adolescents in Chiapas, Mexico based on predictor variables. A cross-sectional study adopting an ex post facto design was conducted with a non-probability sample of 4,759 students of both sexes with an average age of 18.4 years and using the following tools: the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Roberts' Suicidal Ideation Scale, the Impulsiveness Scale (IS), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The mean score obtained by the suicidal ideation scale was 0.2, which is lower than that reported by other studies, while the mean score for depressive symptoms was similar to those in the literature. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 7.8%, which is lower than reported in national and international studies. Multivariable logistic regression showed that impulsiveness (OR = 1.907) and depressive symptoms (OR = 9.006) lead to a twofold and ninefold increase in the likelihood of suicidal ideation, respectively. The findings also showed a strong association between suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms, showing that the latter is a predictor of suicidal ideation among adolescents.
Assuntos
Depressão/epidemiologia , Comportamento Impulsivo , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Ideação Suicida , Adolescente , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Funções Verossimilhança , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Autoimagem , Estudantes/psicologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Resumen El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar la presencia de ideación suicida y sintomatología depresiva a partir de variables predictoras en adolescentes de Chiapas, México. El estudio es de tipo transversal, ex post-facto. Se aplicaron las escalas de Ideación Suicida, de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos, Impulsividad y Autoestima, a una muestra no probabilística de 4,759 estudiantes de ambos sexos, con una edad promedio de 18.4 años. Los resultados indican que el puntaje de media para la ideación suicida (0.2), es inferior a lo reportado en otros estudios, mientras que para sintomatología depresiva, es similar. La prevalencia de ideación suicida es del 7.8%, por debajo de los índices señalados en el ámbito nacional e internacional. Los modelos de regresión logística multivariable para ideación suicida, confirman que la impulsividad y sintomatología depresiva, la hacen aumentar a casi el doble (OR= 1.907) y nueve veces (OR= 9.006) respectivamente. Es evidente la estrecha relación entre la ideación suicida y la sintomatología depresiva, señalándose la relevancia que esta tiene como predictora de su presencia en población adolescente.
Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the presence of suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms among adolescents in Chiapas, Mexico based on predictor variables. A cross-sectional study adopting an ex post facto design was conducted with a non-probability sample of 4,759 students of both sexes with an average age of 18.4 years and using the following tools: the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Roberts' Suicidal Ideation Scale, the Impulsiveness Scale (IS), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The mean score obtained by the suicidal ideation scale was 0.2, which is lower than that reported by other studies, while the mean score for depressive symptoms was similar to those in the literature. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 7.8%, which is lower than reported in national and international studies. Multivariable logistic regression showed that impulsiveness (OR = 1.907) and depressive symptoms (OR = 9.006) lead to a twofold and ninefold increase in the likelihood of suicidal ideation, respectively. The findings also showed a strong association between suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms, showing that the latter is a predictor of suicidal ideation among adolescents.
