Blood pressure of omnivorous and semi-vegetarian postmenopausal women and their relationship with dietary and hair concentrations of essential and toxic metals / Presión arterial en mujeres omnívoras y semivegetarianas postmenopáusicas y su relación con los metales esenciales y tóxicos en la dieta y en el cabello

Objective: This study aims to ascertain the relationships between mineral consumption, hair mineral content, and blood pressure. Methods: The study involved 26 postmenopausal women from enclosed religious communities, 14 were semi-vegetarians and 12 were omnivores. Mineral dietary assessment was performed using a 14-d precise weight method and Food tables. Hair mineral levels were measured by means Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry(ICP-OES). Multivariable step wise linear regression analyses were performed to find out the variables that affected most blood pressure. Results: In general terms, the omnivorous diet contained a significantly higher mineral content than the semi-vegetarian one. The mineral intake from both diets implied no health risk to the women studied, as their estimated daily intake (EDI) of toxic elements such as Cd and Pb was lower than their respective provisional tolerable weekly intake(PTWI) of these minerals. Hair of the semi-vegetarians contained higher amounts of Al (p < 0.01), Ba (p < 0.01), K (p <0.001), Na (p < 0.001), Pb (p < 0.001) and Mn (p < 0.01) but lower levels of Ca (p < 0.05) and Zn (p < 0.05) than that of their omnivorous counterparts. The omnivores presented significantly higher systolic (p < 0.01) and diastolic (p < 0.05) pressures than the semi-vegetarians. Levels of hair Co (R2 = 0.328;p = 0.032) and hair K (R2 = 0.409; p = 0.014)) were explicative for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. Conclusion: Several dietary mineral and hair contents were higher in semi-vegetarian women suggesting that the hair is an important mineral excretion via contributing to maintain blood pressure at low levels (AU)

Objetivo: Se pretende establecer una relación entre consumo y niveles de minerales en cabello y tensión sanguínea en mujeres postmenopáusicas. Métodos: El estudio se ha realizado en 26 mujeres postmenopáusicas pertenecientes a dos comunidades religiosas de clausura, siendo 14 semivegetarianas y 12 omnívoras. La determinación de la ingesta de minerales se realizó mediante pesada precisa durante 14 días y las Tablas de Composición de Alimentos. Los niveles de minerales en cabello fueron determinados mediante Espectrometría de Masas con Fuente de Ionización de Plasma de Acoplamiento Inductivo (ICP-MS) y Espectrometría de Emisión Atómica con Fuente de Excitación de Plasma de Acoplamiento Inductivo (ICP-OES). Se realizó un análisis lineal múltiple por pasos para explicar los variables que más influían en la presión arterial. Resultados: En términos generales, la dieta omnívora posee un contenido en minerales significativamente superiora la semivegetariana. La ingesta mineral de ambas dietas no implica riesgo para la salud de las mujeres estudiadas ya que la ingesta diaria de elementos tóxicos como Cd y Pb, estimada (IDA) está por debajo de sus respectivas ingestas semanales tolerables provisionales (ISTP). En las semivegetarianas el cabello contienen cantidades mayores de Al (p <0,01), Ba (p < 0,01), K (p < 0,001), Na (p < 0,001), Pb (p <0,001) y Mn (p < 0,01) y niveles inferiores de Ca (p < 0,05) y (..) (AU)

Blood pressure of omnivorous and semi-vegetarian postmenopausal women and their relationship with dietary and hair concentrations of essential and toxic metals.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to ascertain the relationships between mineral consumption, hair mineral content, and blood pressure. METHODS: The study involved 26 postmenopausal women from enclosed religious communities, 14 were semi-vegetarians and 12 were omnivores. Mineral dietary assessment was performed using a 14-d precise weight method and Food tables. Hair mineral levels were measured by means Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Multivariable stepwise linear regression analyses were performed to find out the variables that affected most blood pressure. RESULTS: In general terms, the omnivorous diet contained a significantly higher mineral content than the semi-vegetarian one. The mineral intake from both diets implied no health risk to the women studied, as their estimated daily intake (EDI) of toxic elements such as Cd and Pb was lower than their respective provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of these minerals. Hair of the semi-vegetarians contained higher amounts of Al (p < 0.01), Ba (p < 0.01), K (p < 0.001), Na (p < 0.001), Pb (p < 0.001) and Mn (p < 0.01) but lower levels of Ca (p < 0.05) and Zn (p < 0.05) than that of their omnivorous counterparts. The omnivores presented significantly higher systolic (p < 0.01) and diastolic (p < 0.05) pressures than the semi-vegetarians. Levels of hair Co (R² = 0.328; p = 0.032) and hair K (R² = 0.409; p = 0.014)) were explicative for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. CONCLUSION: Several dietary mineral and hair contents were higher in semi-vegetarian women suggesting that the hair is an important mineral excretion via contributing to maintain blood pressure at low levels.