Fluviicola hefeinensis sp. nov., isolated from the wastewater of a chemical factory.

A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, yellow-orange-pigmented, motile, short rod-shaped, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative bacterium, strain MYL-8(T), was isolated from wastewater of the Jin Tai Chemical Factory in Hefei, China. Strain MYL-8(T) grew optimally at 30 °C, in the absence of NaCl and at pH 7. Menaquinone 6 (MK-6) was the sole respiratory quinone and the major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The polar lipid profile was composed predominantly of unidentified polar lipids and aminolipids. Minor amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified phospholipids were also detectable. The DNA G+C content of strain MYL-8(T) was 43.5 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain MYL-8(T) showed the highest similarity to that of Fluviicola taffensis RW 262(T) (97.03 %), followed by Wandonia haliotis Haldis-1-1(T) (92.05 %), Lishizhenia caseinilytica UST040201-001(T) (91.43 %) and Lishizhenia tianjinensis JCM 15141(T) (90.61 %). DNA-DNA relatedness between strain MYL-8(T) and F. taffensis RW 262(T) was 21.35±0.90 %. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, genomic and phylogenetic data, strain MYL-8(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Fluviicola, for which the name Fluviicola hefeinensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MYL-8(T) ( = KACC 16597(T) = CCTCC AB 2013168(T)).

Fangia hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel gammaproteobacterium of the order Thiotrichales isolated from coastal seawater of Hong Kong.

A Gram-negative, coccobacillus-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated strain UST040201-002T, was isolated in February 2004 from seawater at the outlet of a sandfilter in Port Shelter, Hong Kong SAR, China. This strain possessed ubiquinone-8; its 16S rRNA gene sequence shared only 91% similarity with the sequence from Caedibacter taeniospiralis and 89-90% similarity with sequences from Francisella tularensis, Francisella novicida, Francisella philomiragia and Wolbachia persica. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the strain formed a distinct clade with C. taeniospiralis. This subcluster formed a tight coherent group with members of the family Francisellaceae and W. persica. Combined phylogenetic and physiological data suggest that strain UST040201-002T represents a novel genus and species within the order Tauhiotrichales. The name Fangia hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is UST040201-002T (=JCM 14605T=NRRL B-41860T).

Marinomonas ostreistagni sp. nov., isolated from a pearl-oyster culture pond in Sanya, Hainan Province, China.

A Gram-negative, aerobic, halophilic, neutrophilic, rod-shaped, non-pigmented, polar-flagellated bacterium, UST010306-043(T), was isolated from a pearl-oyster culture pond in Sanya, Hainan Province, China in January 2001. This marine bacterium had an optimum temperature for growth of between 33 and 37 degrees C. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strain was closely related to Marinomonas aquimarina and Marinomonas communis, with 97.5-97.7 and 97.1 % sequence similarity, respectively. Levels of DNA-DNA relatedness to the type strains of these species were well below 70 %. Analyses of phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxomonic characteristics showed that strain UST010306-043(T) was distinct from currently established Marinomonas species. A novel species with the name Marinomonas ostreistagni sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate this bacterium, with strain UST010306-043(T) (=JCM 13672(T)=NRRL B-41433(T)) as the type strain.

Lishizhenia caseinilytica gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium of the phylum Bacteroidetes.

A light-orange, aerobic bacterium, strain UST040201-001(T), that degrades casein, gelatin and Tween 20, was isolated in February 2004 from a sand-filtered seawater sample from Port Shelter, Hong Kong SAR, China. The strain possessed menaquinone-6 and its 16S rRNA gene sequence shared only 90.1 % similarity with that of Brumimicrobium glaciale IC156(T). Phylogenetic analysis showed that UST040201-001(T) formed a distinct lineage within the family Cryomorphaceae. Its ecophysiological and biochemical characteristics suggest that this strain represents a novel genus and species within the phylum Bacteroidetes. The name Lishizhenia caseinilytica gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Lishizhenia caseinilytica is UST040201-001(T) (=NRRL B-41434(T)=JCM 13821(T)).

Winogradskyella poriferorum sp. nov., a novel member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a sponge in the Bahamas.

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium (designated strain UST030701-295(T)) with fast gliding motility was isolated from the surface of the sponge Lissodendoryx isodictyalis in the Bahamas. Colonies of UST030701-295(T) were yellow in colour, 2-4 mm in diameter, convex with a smooth surface and entire margins. UST030701-295(T) was heterotrophic, strictly aerobic and required NaCl for growth (1.0-4.0%). Growth was observed at pH 6.0-10.0 and at 12-44 degrees C. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed UST030701-295(T) within the genus Winogradskyella of the family Flavobacteriaceae, sharing 94.7-95.8% similarity with the three recognized members of the genus. The G+C content of the DNA was 32.8 mol% and the predominant fatty acids were iso-C(15:1), iso-C(15:0), iso-C(15:0) 2-OH, iso-C(15:0) 3-OH, iso-C(16:0) 3-OH, C(16:1)omega7 and iso-C(17:0) 3-OH (together representing 75.4% of the total); these data supported the affiliation of UST030701-295(T) to the genus Winogradskyella. UST030701-295(T) differed from the three recognized species of Winogradskyella in 7-17 traits. Molecular evidence together with phenotypic characteristics suggests that UST030701-295(T) represents a novel species within the genus Winogradskyella, for which the name Winogradskyella poriferorum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is UST030701-295(T) (=NRRL B-41101(T)=JCM 12885(T)).

Owenweeksia hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel marine bacterium of the phylum 'Bacteroidetes'.

An aerobic, Gram-negative, non-fermentative, rod-shaped, motile, orange-pigmented bacterium, UST20020801(T), was isolated from sea-water samples collected from Port Shelter, Hong Kong, S.A.R., China, in August 2002. The full 16S rRNA gene sequence of this strain shared only 87.5 % similarity with its nearest relative, Crocinitomix catalasitica, a species of the family Cryomorphaceae. However, strain UST20020801(T) possessed menaquinone-6, a major respiratory quinone of members of the family Flavobacteriaceae. This strain contains unique fatty acids such as i15 : 1G, i17 : 1omega9c, 2-OH 15 : 0, 15 : 1omega6c and three unknown fatty acids of equivalent chain-length of 11.543, 13.565 and 16.582. Further analysis of its ecophysiology and biochemistry suggests that this strain represents a new genus in the phylum 'Bacteroidetes'. The name Owenweeksia hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is UST20020801(T) (=NRRL B-23963(T) = JCM 12287(T)).