[Topographic characteristics of the human electrodermal activity].

The investigation with participation of 6 test-subjects provided the first evidence that two dermal areas far apart from each other may possess identical spontaneous electrodermal activity (EDA) (r = 0.98) and, on the contrary, adjacent dermal areas may differ in EDA (p = 0.001). Asymmetry in EDA distribution across the human body was demonstrated. Most often the left part of the body was negatively charged relative to the right part. This held true also to the upper body in 59.2% cases and the lower body in 87.3% cases. In the vast majority of cases (98.6-100%) the upper body was charged negatively relative to the lower body.

[Some clinical outcomes of fractional gamma-irradiation of primates].

The investigation with macaque-rhesus males aged 3 to 5 years was aimed at evaluation of the effects of 2 patterns of fractional gamma-irradiation ending up with an equal effective residual dose of 100 sGy. Irradiation was carried out on gamma-ray unit GOBO-60 with a 137Cs source and certified activity of 72 g-eq. Ra. Rectal temperature, heart rate, blood pressure and body mass were followed up over the period of 9 months. Rate of body mass gain in primates irradiated with the total gamma-dose of 250 cSv was lower as compared to the group that received the total dose of 132 cSv. Repeated irradiation 3 months later elevated the body mass gain and elevated rectal temperature considerably only in the primates that had been initially irradiated at 250 cSV Fractional gamma-irradiation had no effect on HR or BP.

[Transformed electrical epidermal activity].

Investigations with participation of 56 volunteers evidence that light physical load, i.e. 10 squats, transform spontaneous oscillations of the electrical epidermal activity (EDA) in humans. A positive correlation (r = 0.54) was defined between the baseline EDA amplitude and the amplitude of transformed EDA oscillations.

[Electroepidermic activity]. / Spontannaia élektroépidermal'naia aktivnost'.

Amplitude-time parameters of spontaneous fluctuations of the electroepidermic activity (EDA) were studied in human subjects during relative rest. Spontaneous EDA was shown to be markedly individual by character. No correlation was stated between the amplitude, period of spontaneous fluctuations, and baseline EDA. The amplitude variation range can reach 171% and the fluctuation duration range makes 85% of the mean value. The role and origin of spontaneous EDA fluctuations are discussed.

Physiological reactions of primates to 9-D immersion and head-down tilt.

Purpose of the investigation was to compare physiological reactions of primates (Macaca mulatta) to microgravity simulated by immersion and head-down tilt (HDT). In immersion experiments, primates in waterproof suits were put into motion-restraining chairs and immersed into water (t=35.4 degrees C) breast-deep for 9 days. In 9-d HDT experiments, prone primates were motor restrained in dedicated tilt beds at -5 degrees. It was found that the CNS functioning was significantly affected, the plasma volume reduced and the marrow erythropoietic function declined. Atrophy developed in leg muscles on a backdrop of iliopectineal spongy osteopenia. Loss in hydration, inhibition of erythropoietic hemopoiesis and iliopectineal spongy osteopenia were more pronounced following immersion than HDT.

[Measurement of the human skin electrical potentials in the tibial projection region]. / Issledovanie élektricheskikh potentsialov na kozhe cheloveka v oblasti proektsii bol'shebertsovoi kosti.

Skin electrical potentials (EP) were measured in the region of the medial tibia projection in human subjects in the ordinary state and after 4 days of bed rest. The intent was to determine if there is an interaction of the slow electrical activity of visceral organs and tissues with the electrical activity of the basal epithelium which, according to the author's hypothesis, controls some of the mammalian body functions. EP values were found to depend on positioning of electrodes relative to the bone proximal epiphysis. This dependence yielded a non-linear curve. Individual EP curves were relatively stable. Evidence was obtained that 4-d bed rest caused a significant decline in the electrical activity in the region of the skin tibia projection.

[Noncontact system of bugs motor activity recoding]. / Beskontaktnaia sistema registratsii dvigatel'noi aktivnosti zhukov.

A noncontact system for recording the motor activity of beetles is based on utilisation of infrared radiation. The system and digital PC input-output card DIO-96 were integrated into a 96-channel computerized facility to maintain, monitor and perform circadian studies of insects which was experimentally tested.

[The use of human skin reflectance spectra for the quantitative assessment of individual sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation]. / Ispol'zovanie spektrov otrazheniia kozhi cheloveka dlia kolichestvennoi otsenki individual'noi chuvstvitel'nosti k ul'trafioletovoi radiatsii.

Reflection spectra of human skin of various ethnic types in the range of 370-790 nm were measured and analyzed. Correlation between reflection coefficients and minimal erythemal doses was estimated. The formula has been devised which is suitable for defining minimal erythemal doses both for open and closed parts of the body irrespective of pre-exposition to sun radiation.

Effects of microgravity on circadian rhythms in insects.

NASA: The desert beetle Trigonoscelis gigas Reitt. was used as a biological model in studies that examined the effects of space flight on the circadian timing system. Results from studies aboard the Bion-10, Bion-11, and Photon-11 missions are reported. The control study is an ongoing Mir experiment. The studies indicate that the free-running period in beetles may be longer during space flight.^ieng

[The constant electrical potentials of the skin as an integral index of the functional state]. / Postoiannye élektricheskie potentsialy kozhi kak integral'nyi pokazatel' funktsional'nogo sostoianiia.

The electric potential difference between the head and hind limb of monkeys was studied before, during and after 2h-restraint in a supine position. The kinetics of electric potentials depended on the initial electric polarity of animals. The role and place of the basal system of epithelium (basal membrane and basal cell layer) in functioning of multicellular organisms is discussed.

[The effect of UV-radiation on the sensory and nociceptive sensitivity of the skin of hairless mice]. / Vliianie UF-izlucheniia na sensornuiu i notsitseptivnuiu chuvstvitel'nosti kozhi bezvolosykh myshei.

The effect of UV-radiation of 12.17 and 3.27 W/m2 (with the dose rate = 23.19 kJ/m2) on the sensory and nociceptive sensitivity of the skin of nude mice was investigated in two experimental series. It was found that the pattern of changes in the sensory and nociceptive sensitivity of the skin were not correlated with UV-radiation intensity, the dose rate being the same. However, the changes were more significant, manifested earlier and disappeared later during irradiation with UV-rays of 12.17 W/m2 than with UV-rays of 3.27 W/m2.

[Steady electric field of the rat during adaptation to functional unloading of the hindlimbs]. / Postoiannoe élektricheskoe pole krys v protsesse adaptatsii k usloviiam funktsional'noi razgruzki zadnikh konechnostei.

Unloading of the hindlimbs' weight--bearing muscles induced considerable changes in animal's static electrical field on the 5th--8th day of experiment.

[Changes in the static electric field in restrained animals]. / Izmenenie postoiannogo élektricheskogo polia pri fiksatsii zhivotnogo.

The paper states that restraint of an animal causes transition from one quasistationary level of the static electric field to another.

[Differences in electrical potentials of different areas of human skin as a characteristic of the functional state of the body]. / Raznost' élektricheskikh potentsialov mezhdu uchastkami kozhi cheloveka kak kharakteristika fiziologicheskogo sostoiannia organizma.

Constant electric field (CEF) of an organism in various physiological states has been studied by two complementing methods. The states "healthy" and "sick" are described in terms of electrical potential difference (EPD) between two skin regions of man. It is shown that at the state "sick" equipotentiality of CEF is disturbed in the plane perpendicular to the principal axis of the body symmetry. It enables to outline further development of differential diagnistics of this state.