[Seasonal changes in the isoform composition of the myosin heavy chains in skeletal muscles of hibernating ground squirrels Spermophilus undulatus].

Seasonal changes of the isoform composition of myosin heavy chains in skeletal muscles (m. triceps, m. longissimus dorsi, m. soleus, m. gastrocnemius, m. vastus lateralis) of hibernating ground squirrels Spermophilus undulatus were studied. Functional properties of myosin (the actin-activated ATPase activity and its Ca(2+)-sensitivity in vitro) were also examined. It was observed that the content of slow myosin heavy chain I isoform increased and the content of fast IIx/d isoform decreased in muscles of torpid ground squirrels and animals which are active in autumn and winter. In muscles of these animals the content of N2A-titin isorfom decreased although the relative content of NT-titin isoform, observed in striated muscles of mammals in our previous experimental works, increased. Actin-activated ATPase activity and Ca(2+)-sensitivity of myosin isolated from skeletal muscles of torpid and interbout ground squirrels were found to reduce. The changes observed are discussed in the context of adaptation of skeletal muscles of ground squirrels to hibernation conditions.

[Adaptation to physical and psychoemotional loads and mental work capacity in patients with neurocirculatory dystonia]. / Adaptatsiia k fizicheskim i psikhoémotsional'nym nagruzkam i umstvennaia rabotosposobnost' u bol'nykh neirotsirkuliatornoi distoniei.

Mental performance and adaptation to exercise and psychoemotional loads were studied in 119 patients with neurocirculatory asthenia (NCA), 245 patients with chronic focal infection (CFI) of the upper airways, and 247 NCA patients with CFI. Exercise tolerance was measured at spiroergometry, intellectual and psychoemotional adaptation were assessed by shifts in attention and fatigue while working with Schulte tables under conditions of time limits and the results criticism, vegetative reactivity was tested with insulin and epinephrine, variation pulsograms recorded vegetative provision of physical, intellectual and psychoemotional activity. Abnormalities in mental performance and the above adaptation related to clinical presentation of NCA and CFI as well as to vegetative regulation were registered in NCA+CFI patients. Mechanisms of the alterations observed and the role of CFI in their genesis are discussed.

[Quantitative gas chromatographic determination of volatile fatty acids in express diagnosis of nonclostridial anaerobic infection]. / Kolichestvennoe opredelenie letuchikh zhirnykh kislot gazokhromatograficheskim metodom dlia ékspress-diagnostiki vozbuditelei neklostridial'noi anaérobnoi infektsii.

Gas chromatographic procedure was used for quantitative estimation of metabolic [volatile fatty acids (C2-C6)] of anaerobic bacteria in express diagnosis of nonclostridial anaerobic infection in surgical patients with purulent bacterial destruction of lungs and with abdominal impairments as well as in patients with calculous cholecystitis. Only traces of acid metabolites were detected in donor blood. A 10-30-fold increase in their content in blood of patients with surgical and gynecologic sepsis enabled to diagnose the anaerobic form of the disease.

[Acute anaerobic destruction of the lungs]. / Ostraia anaérobnaia destruktsiia legkikh.

Seventy eight patients with bacterial destruction of the lungs were under observation. Non-clostridial anaerobic microflora was identified by a method of gas-liquid chromatography in 57(74.6%) patients. Of them, 8 had gangrene, 49--acute pulmonary abscesses. In all the cases, there were associations of asporous anaerobic microflora with aerobic bacteria. In all the patients with destruction of pulmonary tissue, the increase in the content of the middle mass molecules was noted, the greatest--in patients with gangrene of a lung. In these patients, the bactericidal activity of blood serum, IgM and IgA content were low. In all patients, the complex treatment was performed.

[Treatment of acute complicated abscess of the lungs]. / Lechenie ostrykh oslozhnennykh abstsessov legkikh.

Results of examination and treatment of 194 patients with acute complicated abscesses of the lungs were analyzed. The main pathogenic agent of this pathology is gram-negative microorganisms and anaerobic neclostridial flora. Methods of bacterioscopy and gas-liquid chromatography were used for its verification. It was noted that the basis of medical tactics in complicated abscesses of the lungs is the rational antibiotic therapy in combination with parasurgical methods of treatment. Surgical methods are indicated in gangrening abscess, pulmonary hemorrhage, non-effective complex therapy.