Depth and proximity of third molars to the inferior alveolar canal in panoramic radiographs of a Latin American population

Introduction: extraction of lower third molars involve the possible occurrence of complications such as injury of the content of the Inferior Alveolar Canal. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 6488 lower molar records of digital panoramic radiographs of patients from 6 Latin American countries from 2010-2015. The variables studied were the depth of lower third molar according to the Pell and Gregory classification, and the proximity of a third molar to the Inferior Alveolar Canal that was evaluated according to the proposed classification, based on a modification of the Langlais et al classification.20 Descriptive and bivariate statistical analyses were performed. Results: in terms of the proximity, the highest frequency was Intact with 27.45%(n=1781). Regarding the depth of the lower third molar, the most frequent were the Position B with 46.90%(n=3043) and Position A with 46.75%(n=3033). The proximity and depth of the lower third molar had statistical difference according to age(p<0.01) and sex (p<0.001). The overall proximity of the lower third molar to the Inferior alveolar canal, according to depth was 37.52%(n=1766) in Position A, in Position B it was 54.51%(n=2566) and Position C was 7.97%(n=375) and had association between variables(p<0.001). Conclusions: taking into consideration the modified classification of Langlais et al.20, lower third molars are close to the Inferior Alveolar Canal, and according to the Pell and Gregory classification for the depth, the most frequent positions are A and B. In addition, proximity and depth were associated with each other, and with the co-variables country, age, and sex.

Introducción: la extracción de terceros molars inferiores implica la posible aparición de complicaciones, como la lesión del contenido del Canal Alveolar Inferior. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal con una muestra de 6488 registros de terceros molares inferiores de radiografías panorámicas digitales en pacientes de 6 países latinoamericanos, entre 2010-2015. Las variables fueron profundidad del tercer molar inferior según la clasificación de Pell y Gregory, y proximidad del tercer molar al Canal Alveolar Inferior, evaluada según una clasificación propuesta, basada en la clasificación modificada de Langlais et al.20 Se realizaron análisis estadísticos descriptivos y bivariados. Resultados: en la proximidad, la mayor frecuencia se presentó en Intacto con 27,45%(n=1781); en cuanto a la profundidad del tercer molar inferior, las más frecuentes fueron la Posición B con 46,90%(n=3043) y la Posición A con 46,75%(n=3033). La proximidad y profundidad del tercer molar inferior presentaron diferencias estadísticas de acuerdo con la edad (p<0,01) y sexo (p<0,001). La proximidad total del tercer molar inferior al canal alveolar inferior, según la profundidad fue de 37,52%(n=1766) en Posición A, en Posición B de 54,51%(n=2566) y Posición C de 7,97%(n=375). Además, se presentó asociación entre las variables (p<0,001). Conclusiones: considerando la clasificación modificada de Langlais et al.20, la mayoría de los terceros molares inferiores están próximos al canal alveolar inferior; y según la profundidad de Pell y Gregory, las posiciones más frecuentes son A y B. Además, la proximidad y la profundidad se asociaron entre sí, y con las co-variables país, edad y sexo.

Time elapsed since peruvian children's last dental care and head of household educational attainment: findings from a national database.

BACKGROUND: It has been documented that the parents' highest level of education has an impact on their children's access to oral health services and the frequency of their use.This study aimed to determine the association between time elapsed since peruvian children's last dental care and head of household educational attainment. METHODS: Cross-sectional study using a database of children aged 0 to 11 years, with a final sample of 8012 participants. The dependent variable in this study was the time elapsed since last dental care and the independent variable was the head of household educational attainment. Other covariates considered were natural region, area of residence, place of residence, altitude, wealth index, health insurance coverage, sex and age. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were applied. RESULTS: Time elapsed since last dental care in the year 2021 was 5.68 years (SD = 5.25). A hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was performed, analyzing the variables dimensions by separate and joint models. When head of household educational attainment was analyzed, there was no statistical significance (p = 0.262); however, other models did (p < 0.05). Model 4, which addresses all dimensions, was significant (p < 0.001) with an R2% of 0.011 and constant equal to 5.788; it showed significance with place of dental care, health insurance, altitude and age. CONCLUSIONS: No association was found between head of household educational attainment and time elapsed since last dental care; however, the latter was associated with place of care, health insurance coverage, altitude and age in Peruvian children.

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal en escolares

Introducción: La presencia de factores socioeconómicos, nivel educativo y el acceso a atención sanitaria pueden condicionar los niveles de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal, especialmente en etapas de vida como la niñez. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación de las condiciones orales en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal en escolares. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal desde una base de datos de 144 escolares (11-12 años). La variable dependiente fue calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal, medida con el índice Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y pruebas de U de Mann Whitney y ji cuadrado, además se aplicó una regresión logística lineal, con un nivel de confianza de 95 % y p< 0,05. Resultados: El 69,44 % (n= 100) presentó muy poca intensidad del impacto. La procedencia presentó diferencias significativas con limpiarse la boca e impacto total (p< 0,05) y el sexo con hablar y estudiar (p< 0,05). De la regresión lineal, la procedencia se asoció a la gravedad del desempeño limpiarse la boca (R2%= 0,039; a= 0,527; b= 0,347; p= 0,017) e impacto total (R2%= 0,036; a= 4,831; b= 4,824; p= 0,023), el sexo presentó asociación con hablar (R2%= 0,034; a= 0,498; b= -0,137; p= 0,026). Conclusión: La intensidad del impacto es muy poca en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucodental; además, la procedencia se asoció con limpiarse la boca e impacto total, mientras que el sexo se asoció con el desempeño hablar; todo ello en escolares de 11 y 12 años.

Introduction: The presence of certain socioeconomic factors, educational level and access to health care can condition the levels of oral health-related Quality of Life, especially in life stages such as childhood. Objective: To determine the association of oral conditions on oral health-related quality of life in students. Methods: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study from a database of 144 schoolchildren (11-12 years old). The dependent variable was Quality of Life related to oral health, measured with the Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances index. A descriptive analysis and Mann Whitney U and Chi-square tests were performed, and a linear logistic regression was applied, with a confidence level of 95% and p< 0,05. Results: The 69.44% (n= 100) presented very low impact intensity. The provenance presented significant differences with cleaning the mouth and total impact (p< 0.05), and sex with talking and studying (p< 0.05). From the linear regression, provenance was associated with severity of cleaning mouth performance (R2%= 0.039, a= 0.527, b= 0.347, p= 0.017) and total impact (R2%= 0.036, a= 4.831, b= 4.824, p= 0.023), sex was associated with talking (R2%= 0.034, a= 0.498, b= -0.137, p= 0.026). Conclusion: The intensity of the impact was very little in the quality of life related to oral health; in addition, the origin was associated with cleaning the mouth and total impact, while gender was associated with speaking; all this in schoolchildren aged 11 and 12.

Peruvian children toothbrushing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Toothbrushing is a convenient, inexpensive, widespread and culturally accepted method, resulting in an ideal public health outcome. This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on toothbrushing in Peruvian children. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted using a database of children aged 0 to 11 years, with a final sample of 39,124 participants, 15,974 in 2019 (62.03%) and 7088 in 2020 (55.54%). General toothbrushing, daily toothbrushing and minimum frequency of two times a day were dependent variables; the year was considered as the independent variable. In addition, other covariates such as geographical landscape, area of residence, place of residence, altitude, wealth index, health insurance cover, sex and age. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were applied. Results: General toothbrushing was 96.19% (n=51 013), daily toothbrushing was 87.47% (n=42 246) and minimum toothbrushing two times a day was 84.53% (n=33 957). In multivariate form, the year presented a negative association with daily toothbrushing (RPa: 0.97; CI95%: 0.96-0.98; p<0.001) and minimum toothbrushing two times a day (RPa: 0.97; CI95%: 0.95-0.98; p<0.001), adjusted for the previously associated co-variables. Conclusions: The year 2020 of the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted daily toothbrushing and minimum twice-daily toothbrushing of Peruvian children.

Impact of Social Support on Perceived Stress in Latin American and Caribbean Dental Students and Dental Practitioners during Mandatory Social Isolation within the Coronavirus Pandemic in 2020.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of social support on perceived stress in Latin American and Caribbean dental students and dental practitioners during mandatory social isolation within the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 1812 dental students and dental practitioners from 21 Latin American and Caribbean countries. Perceived stress was assessed using the perceived stress scale (PSS-14), and the influence of social support was addressed using the Duke-UNC-11. Additionally, sociodemographic variables, knowledge of and preventive behaviour against COVID-19 and health status were considered. A descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed through multiple linear regression. RESULTS: In the multivariate analysis, model 4 presented R2% = 21.20 (P < 0.001), a constant of 40.049; within the model, the social support variable had a non-standardised regression coefficient (b) of -4,527 (95% CI - 5.646 to -3,408; P < 0.001), the self-perceived level of concern regarding COVID-19 was b = 1.838 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.887 to 2.790; P < 0.001), the self-perceived health status was b = -2.191(95% CI -2.944 to -1.437; P < 0.001), the number of days in compulsory isolation was b = -0.965 (95% CI -1.908 to -0.022; P = 0.045), while the level of confinement was b = 0.923 (95%CI: 0.106-1.740; P = 0.027), age was b = -1.743 (95% CI -2.625 to -0.860; P < 0.001), sex was b = 1.324 (95% CI 0.311 to 2.337; P = 0.011) and the economic income level was b = -1.539 (95% CI -2.434 to -0.644; P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: An association was determined between perceived stress and social support, as well as the variables of concern about the disease, self-perceived health status, number of days and level of confinement, age, sex and economic income level, based on the experience of dental practitioners and dental students in mandatory isolation.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the timing of dental care in elderly peruvians.

In Peru, there is low dental service use among older adults, in addition to a social gradient for use. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic triggered complex scenarios characterized by inadequate access to health services, with greater impact on vulnerable population groups such as the elderly. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the time since last dental care visit among elderly Peruvians. It was a cross-sectional study conducted on a population of 5247 respondents in 2019, and 5066 respondents in 2020. The study considered the answers of people who responded to the question on the last time they had received dental care, extracting a total 4045 subjects for 2019 and 3943 for 2020. The dependent variable was time since last dental care measured in years, while the variables on health, geographic and sociodemographic characteristics were grouped within three dimensions. A descriptive bivariate and multivariateanalysiswasapplied by means of multiple linear regression to analyze the behavior of the variables. Time since the last dental care visit was 7.93 years (SD=8.03) in 2019 and 7.94 years (SD=7.28) in 2020. A hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was performed, where no variable in the 2019 model was significant; while for 2020, health, geographic, and sociodemographic characteristics variables were significant. In the analysis where the 'year' variable becomes independent, only model 4, which considers all variables, was valid (p=0.018). The variables 'area of residence' and 'wealth index' were also significant. To conclude, the 2020 pandemic year for COVID-19 had no impact on the time since last dental care visit among elderly Peruvians, though factors such as area of residence and wealth index were found to be associated with the time since last dental care visit.

En Perú, los adultos mayores presentan un bajo uso de los servicios odontológicos, además de percibirse una gradiente social para su utilización. Adicionalmente, la pandemia por COVID-19 desencadenó escenarios complejos, caracterizados por un inadecuado acceso a los servicios de salud, que afectó con mayor énfasis a grupos poblacionales vulnerables, como las personas en edades extremas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en el tiempo de atención odontológica en adultos mayores peruanos. Estudio transversal con población de 5247 encuestados para el 2019 y 5066 para el 2020. Se consideraron los registros de quienes respondieron a la pregunta sobre el tiempo desde su última atención odontológica, extrayéndose del 2019 un total de 4045 y para 2020, 3943 sujetos. La variable dependiente consistió en el tiempo desde la última atención odontológica medido en años; mientras que dentro de tres dimensiones,seagruparon a lasvariables sobre características de salud, geográficas y sociodemográficas. Se aplicó un análisis descriptivo, bivariado y multivariado, donde el tiempo desde la última atención odontológica en el año 2019 fue de 7.93 años (DE=8.03) y en el 2020 fue de 7.94 años (DE=7.28). Se realizó un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple jerárquica, donde ninguna variable del modelo 2019 fue significativa; mientras que para 2020, las variables características de salud, geográficas y sociodemográficas si lo fueron. Al análisis, donde el año pasa a ser independiente, sólo el modelo 4, que considera todas las variables fue válido (p=0.018); asimismo, el área de residencia e índice de riqueza presentaron significancia estadística. Para concluir, en el año 2020 la pandemia por COVID-19 no impactó en el tiempo de atención odontológica en adultos mayores peruanos, sin embargo, factores como área de residencia e índice de riqueza si presentaron asociación con el tiempo desdelaúltimaatención.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the timing of dental care in elderly peruvians / Impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el tiempo de la atención odontológica en adultos mayores peruanos

ABSTRACT In Peru, there is low dental service use among older adults, in addition to a social gradient for use. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic triggered complex scenarios characterized by inadequate access to health services, with greater impact on vulnerable population groups such as the elderly. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the time since last dental care visit among elderly Peruvians. It was a cross-sectional study conducted on a population of 5247 respondents in 2019, and 5066 respondents in 2020. The study considered the answers of people who responded to the question on the last time they had received dental care, extracting a total 4045 subjects for 2019 and 3943 for 2020. The dependent variable was time since last dental care measured in years, while the variables on health, geographic and sociodemographic characteristics were grouped within three dimensions. A descriptive bivariate and multivariate analysis was applied by means of multiple linear regression to analyze the behavior of the variables. Time since the last dental care visit was 7.93 years (SD=8.03) in 2019 and 7.94 years (SD=7.28) in 2020. A hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was performed, where no variable in the 2019 model was significant; while for 2020, health, geographic, and sociodemographic characteristics variables were significant. In the analysis where the 'year' variable becomes independent, only model 4, which considers all variables, was valid (p=0.018). The variables 'area of residence' and 'wealth index' were also significant. To conclude, the 2020 pandemic year for COVID-19 had no impact on the time since last dental care visit among elderly Peruvians, though factors such as area of residence and wealth index were found to be associated with the time since last dental care visit.

RESUMEN En Perú, los adultos mayores presentan un bajo uso de los servicios odontológicos, además de percibirse una gradiente social para su utilización. Adicionalmente, la pandemia por COVID-19 desencadenó escenarios complejos, caracterizados por un inadecuado acceso a los servicios de salud, que afectó con mayor énfasis a grupos poblacionales vulnerables, como las personas en edades extremas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en el tiempo de atención odontológica en adultos mayores peruanos. Estudio transversal con población de 5247 encuestados para el 2019 y 5066 para el 2020. Se consideraron los registros de quienes respondieron a la pregunta sobre el tiempo desde su última atención odontológica, extrayéndose del 2019 un total de 4045 y para 2020, 3943 sujetos. La variable dependiente consistió en el tiempo desde la última atención odontológica medido en años; mientras que dentro de tres dimensiones, se agruparon a las variables sobre características de salud, geográficas y sociodemográficas. Se aplicó un análisis descriptivo, bivariado y multivariado, donde el tiempo desde la última atención odontológica en el año 2019 fue de 7.93 años (DE=8.03) y en el 2020 fue de 7.94 años (DE=7.28). Se realizó un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple jerárquica, donde ninguna variable del modelo 2019 fue significativa; mientras que para 2020, las variables características de salud, geográficas y sociodemográficas si lo fueron. Al análisis, donde el año pasa a ser independiente, sólo el modelo 4, que considera todas las variables fue válido (p=0.018); asimismo, el área de residencia e índice de riqueza presentaron significancia estadística. Para concluir, en el año 2020 la pandemia por COVID-19 no impactó en el tiempo de atención odontológica en adultos mayores peruanos, sin embargo, factores como área de residencia e índice de riqueza si presentaron asociación con el tiempo desde la última atención.

Impact of mandatory social isolation measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the subjective well-being of Latin American and Caribbean dentists.

BACKGROUND: With the spread of the COVID-19 virus, containment measures such as home confinement were implemented, generating stress, anxiety, depression and aggravation of pre-existing diseases in the population, including dentists, who have also been affected due to the risk involved in practicing their profession. Objective: To determine the impact of mandatory social isolation measures on the subjective well-being of Latin American and Caribbean dentists during the community quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A Cross-sectional study in a sample of 1195 dentists from 21 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. The main outcome was Subjective Well-Being, evaluated through the World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5). In addition, sociodemographic characteristics, variables related to the community quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic and health variables were considered. A descriptive, bivariate and multivariate (multiple linear regression) analysis was performed to observe the behavior of the variables. RESULTS: A multiple linear regression analysis was performed, where all the variables included within dimensions, were distributed in a single model, observing an R2% of 9.000 (p<0.001), where the R2% change was significant (p<0.001) and a constant of 44.190; likewise, within this model, the variable follow-up of preventive measures against COVID-19 reported an unstandardized regression coefficient (b) of 2. 316 (95%CI:1.133-3.499;p<0.001), the self-perceived level of concern against COVID-19 obtained a (b) of -5.470 (95%CI:-7.509--3.430; p<0.001), the biological sex variable manifested a (b) of -5.417 (95%CI: - 1.157-1.910; p<0.001); finally, the level of economic income during compulsory social isolation presented a (b)=5.354 (CI95%:3.461- 7.247; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: An association was found between subjective well-being and variables related to the social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, such as following preventive measures, concern about the pandemic and economic factors (decrease in income level), in addition to biologic sex. Follow-up strategies are required for these dental professionals, considering that social isolation measures have continued in many of the countries. Key words:Quarantine, Coronavirus infections, WHO-5, Cross-sectional studies, Latin America, Caribbean Region.

Peruvian Children's Access to Oral Health Information during the COVID- 19 Pandemic.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on access to oral health information of Peruvian children. Materials and Methods: The Demographic and Family Health Survey generates annually a national database of Peruvian children between 0 and 11 years old, which is collected through direct interviews applied in the homes of residents of the country. A cross-sectional study was applied with this information collected during 2019 and 2020, with a final sample of 39 124 subjects, 15 974 from the year 2019 (62.03%) and 7088 from the year 2020 (55.54%). The dependent variable was access to oral health information and the independent variable was year; in addition, there were considered sociodemographic and geographical covariates. Finally, there were executed descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Results: Access to oral health information was 59.85% (n = 23 062). For the bivariate analysis, the dependent variable showed association with year, natural region, sex, altitude, health insurance coverage, area, place of residence and wealth index. During multivariate analysis, year manifested a negative association with access to oral health information (aPR: 0.89; 95%CI: 0.85-0.92; P < 0.001), adjusted for co-variables that previously manifested association. Conclusion: Access to oral health information for Peruvian children had a negative impact during 2020, in which COVID-19 pandemic occurred.

Molar incisor hypomineralization: Prevalence and severity in schoolchildren of Puno, Peru.

CONTEXT: The prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) varies considerably around the world. South America is one of the regions with the highest prevalence. AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and severity of MIH in children residing in urban and rural areas of Puno, Peru. DESIGN: This was an observational cross-sectional study that included 404 children, aged 7-10 years old, from urban and rural public schools in Puno, Peru. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A previously calibrated examiner established the MIH diagnosis based on the index that integrates the criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry and the modified index of developmental defects of enamel (mDDE index), as well as the caries experience based on the DMFT index. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The information was analyzed using descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis. RESULTS: Eighty children (19.8%) presented MIH, and the prevalence was higher in the urban area. Demarcated opacities were the most prevalent type of lesion (52.1%), followed by atypical caries lesions (36.7%). The more severe the defects, the greater their extent. Similarly, the greater the extent of tooth defects, the greater the number of teeth affected per child. Children with MIH had slightly higher rates of tooth decay experience (DMFT). However, no significant association was found between caries experience and MIH. CONCLUSIONS: The population studied showed a high prevalence of MIH, similar to other studies in South American populations. The prevalence varied among residence areas, being more prevalent in the urban area. Mild lesions were more frequent.

Perceived Stress in Dentists and Dental Students of Latin America and the Caribbean during the Mandatory Social Isolation Measures for the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aims to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically considering the mandatory social isolation measures implemented, on the perceived stress of a sample of dentists and dental students from Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as the associated sociodemographic and pandemic-related variables. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of 2036 dentists and dental students (1433 women). For the main outcome, the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) was used. The survey also questioned sociodemographic aspects, questions on the COVID-19 pandemic, health variables, and habits. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses (linear regression) were applied to observe the factors associated with perceived stress. The PSS-14 mean score was 24.76 (±11.76). Hierarchical regression models showed significant variables associated with the PSS-14 scores: income level during mandatory social isolation, having older adults under care during mandatory social isolation, self-perceived level of concern regarding COVID-19, self-perceived health, Coffee consumption during mandatory social isolation. In general terms, the pandemic has influenced the personal, social, labor, and everyday life of dental staff and affected the mental health of this population specifically when perceived stress is considered. Public policies, strategies, and mental health surveillance systems are required for this population.

Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of cone beam computed tomography and three intraoral radiographic systems in the diagnosis of carious lesions in vitro / Comparación de la precisión diagnóstica de la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico y tres sistemas radiográficos intraorales en la detección de lesiones de caries in vitro

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of cone beam computed tomography and three intraoral radiographic systems in the detection of in vitro caries lesions. Material and Methods: One hundred teeth (46 molars and 54 premolars) were evaluated, including 176 proximal surfaces and 90 occlusal surfaces, with or without dental caries lesions. Digital images of all teeth were obtained using specific intraoral radiographs, VistaScan DürrDental®phosphor-plate radiography, XIOS XG Sirona® digital sensor radiography, and CBCT I-CATTM. Observers evaluated the images for the detection of caries lesions. The teeth were clinically sectioned and stereomicroscopy served as a validation tool. The relationship of sensitivity and specificity between all systems was determined through the ROC curve using Az values. Results: The values of the area under the curve (Az) selected for the CBCT I-CATTM system were 0.89 (0.84-0.93), for conventional radiography 0.71 (0.66-0.76), digital sensor radiography 0.74 (0.70-0.78) and digital radiography with phosphor-plates 0.73 (0.69-0.77). Statistically significant differences were found between the CBCT I-CATTM system and intraoral radiographic systems (p<0.01). The sensitivity and specificity values for the CBCT I-CATTM were 0.84 and 0.93 respectively. Conclusion: CBCT has a high sensitivity and specificity compared to intraoral radiographic systems for the diagnosis of dental caries lesions in vitro.

Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue comparar la precisión diagnóstica de la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico y tres sistemas radiográficos intraorales en la detección de lesiones de caries in vitro. Material y Métodos: Se evaluaron 100 dientes, 46 molares y 54 premolares; 176 superficies proximales y 90 superficies oclusales, con o sin lesión de caries dental. Se obtuvieron imágenes digitales de todos los dientes utilizando radiografías intraorales convencionales, radiografía con placas de fósforo VistaScan DürrDental®, radiografía con sensor digital XIOS XG Sirona® y CBCT I- C ATTM. Tres observadores evaluaron las imágenes para la detección de lesiones de caries. Los dientes se seccionaron clínicamente y la estereomicroscopía sirvió como herramienta de validación. Se determinó relación de sensibilidad y especificidad entre todos los sistemas a través de la curva ROC utilizando valores Az. Resultados: Los valores de área debajo de la curva (Az) obtenidos para el sistema CBCT I-CATTM fueron de 0.89 (0.84-0.93), para radiografía convencional 0.71 (0.66-0.76), radiografía con sensor digital 0.74 (0.70-0.78) y radiografía digital con placas de fósforo 0.73 (0.69-0.77). Se encontró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el sistema CBCT I-CATTM y todos los sistemas radiográficos convencionales y digitales (p<0.01). Los valores de sensibilidad y especificidad para el CBCT I-CATTM fueron 0.84 y 0.93 respectivamente. Conclusión: La CBCT tiene una alta sensibilidad y especificidad en comparación a los sistemas radiográficos intraorales en el diagnóstico de lesiones de caries dental in vitro.

Nivel de percepción empática medida con la escala de Jefferson en residentes de odontopediatría / Empathetic perception level measured with the Jefferson scale in pediatric dentistry residents

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de percepción empática medida con la escala de Jefferson en los residentes de la especialidad de odontopediatría de la Facultad de Estomatología Roberto Beltrán de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal, observacional y descriptivo. El procedimiento fue una encuesta sobre el nivel de empatía de los alumnos del posgrado con los pacientes de la especialidad de odontopediatría mediante la Escala de Empatía Médica de Jefferson, usada en el 2012 en alumnos de pregrado en la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Se realizó el proceso y análisis estadístico con el paquete SPSS versión 24.0. Finalmente, se obtuvo tablas bivariadas que consideraban los factores de percepción empática según género, año de estudios, edad y modalidad de ingreso. Resultados: La muestra estuvo conformada por 34 estudiantes de posgrado de la especialidad de odontopediatría de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Se halló que la percepción empática en los alumnos es de nivel medio, con 55,8% (n = 19). Los estudiantes del primer año presentan una percepción empática del 60% (n.o = 6) y los del segundo año, del 54,2% (n.o = 13). Además, se presenta un nivel alto de empatía del 0% (n.o = 0) en el género masculino y del 24,1% (n.o = 7) en el género femenino. Los estudiantes de 28 y 29 años presentan un nivel de empatía alto y, con relación a la modalidad de ingreso, se observa un nivel medio en la percepción empática de los estudiantes de la modalidad Codiro, representado por el 66,7% (n.o = 4), y el 53,6% en la modalidad regular (n.o = 15). Conclusiones: No se encontró una diferencia significativa en aspectos como género, año de estudios y modalidad de ingreso, pero sí en relación con la edad de los estudiantes en el factor habilidad para ponerse en los zapatos del otro. (AU)

Objective: To determine the level of empathic perception measured with the Jefferson Scale among residents of the specialty of pediatric dentistry in the Cayetano Heredia University in Peru. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study. The procedure was a survey of the level of empathy of postgraduate students with patients in the specialty of pediatric dentistry using the Jefferson Medical Empathy Scale. The statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS package version 24.0. Finally, bivariate tables were obtained considering the factors of empathic perception according to gender, year of study, age, and type of patient admission. Results: The sample consisted of 34 postgraduate students of the specialty of pediatric dentistry of the University Cayetano Heredia in Peru. Empathic perception among the students was of medium level with 55.88% (n = 19). First year students presented an empathic perception of 60% (n = 6), being 54.17% in second year students (n = 13). In addition, there was a high level of empathy of 0% (n = 0) among males and 24.14% (n = 7) among females. There was a high level of empathy among 28 - 29-year-old students and in relation to the type of patient admission, while the perception of empathy was 66.67% (n=4) for CODIRO admissions and 53.57% (n=15) for regular admissions.Conclusions: While no significant differences were found in gender, year of study, or type of admission, there were differences in relation to the age of the students and the ability to "put oneself into another's shoes". (AU)